File 1
File 1
                                                            HAEMATOLOGY
                                                    FEVER PACKAGE ADVANCED
Test Name                                      Result                 Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval       Method
Comment:
As per the recommendation of International council for Standardization in Hematology, the differential leucocyte counts are
additionally being reported as absolute numbers of each cell in per unit volume of blood.
DHSS : Double Hydrodynamic Sequential System Flowcytometry
Calculated parameters are either derived from Impedence measure, RBC pulse measurement, RBC/platelet histograms or
formula derived.
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 PO No :PO2047906032-532
                                                            HAEMATOLOGY
                                                     FEVER PACKAGE ADVANCED
Test Name                                      Result                 Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval     Method
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
 Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate                 25                    mm/hr             0-14                   Modified Westergren
Comment:
      ESR provides an index of progress of the disease and is widely used as an indicator of inflammation, infection, trauma, or
      malignant diseases. Changes are more significant than a single abnormal test
      It is specifically indicated to monitor the course or response to the treatment of diseases like rheumatoid arthritis,
      tuberculosis bacterial endocarditis ,acute rheumatic fever ,Hodgkins disease,temporal arthritis , and systemic lupus
      erythematosis; and to diagnose and monitor giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica.
      An elevated ESR may also be associated with many other conditions, including autoimmune disease, anemia,
      infection,malignancy,pregnancy, multiple myeloma, menstruation, and hypothyroidism.
      Although a normal ESR cannot be taken to exclude the presence of organic disease, its rate is dependent on various
      physiologic and pathologic factors.
      The most important component influencing ESR is the composition of plasma. High level of C-Reactive Protein, fibrinogen,
      haptoglobin, alpha-1antitrypsin, ceruloplasmin and immunoglobulins causes the elevation of Erythrocyte Sedimentation
      Rate.
      Drugs that may cause increase ESR levels include: dextran, methyldopa, oral contraceptives, penicillamine, procainamide,
      theophylline, and Vitamin A. Drugs that may cause decrease levels include: aspirin, cortisone, and quinine
Comment:
      Four species of the Plasmodium parasites are responsible for human malaria infection - P.falciparum, P.vivax, P.ovale and
      P.malariae. P.falciparum and P.vivax are the most prevalent . Falciparum infection is associated with Cerebral malaria and
      drug resistance whereas vivax infection is associated with high rate of infectivity and relapse. Differentiation between
      P.falciparum and P.vivax is of utmost importance for better patient management and speedy recovery.
      This is only a screening test. The results must always be correlated with clinical history and relevant epidemiological and
      therapeutic context.
      A Positive result indicates malarial infection. False Positives may be seen due to cross reactivity and persistence
      antigenemia.
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PO No :PO2047906032-532
                                                           HAEMATOLOGY
                                                   FEVER PACKAGE ADVANCED
Test Name                                     Result                 Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval     Method
      False negatives may be seen in patient’s with very low parasitic index .
Malaria P.f/P.v Ag Test is an immunochromatographic assay for the differential detection between Plasmodium falciparum
Histidine -Rich Protein-ll (HRP-ll) and pLDH (plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase) specific to Plasmodium vivax in human whole
blood.
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 PO No :PO2047906032-532
                                                              BIOCHEMISTRY
                                                       FEVER PACKAGE ADVANCED
Test Name                                        Result                 Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval     Method
 Comment:
 SGOT/AST :
       Present in large concentrations in liver, skeletal muscle, brain, red cells, and heart.
       Released into the bloodstream when tissue is damaged, especially in liver injury.
       Test is not indicatted for diagnosis of myocardial infarction.
       AST/ALT ratio>1 suggests cirrhosis in patients wiyh hepatitis C.
 Comment:
 SGPT/ALT :
       Present in large concentrations in liver, kidney; in smaller amounts, in skeletal muscle and heart.
       Released with tissue damage, particularly liver injury. ALT is the preferred enzyme for evaluation of liver injury.
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 PO No :PO2047906032-532
                                                            BIOCHEMISTRY
                                                    FEVER PACKAGE ADVANCED
Test Name                                      Result                 Unit         Bio. Ref. Interval     Method
C-Reactive Protein (Quantitative)              24.00                  mg/L          0-10                   Turbidimetric
Comment:
•C-Reactive Protein [CRP] is an acute phase reactant ,hepatic secretion of which is stimulated in response to inflammatory
cytokines.
•CRP is a very sensitive but nonspecific marker of inflammation and infection.
•The CRP test is useful in patient with Inflammatory bowel disease, arthritis, Autoimmune diseases, Pelvic inflammatory disease
(PID), tissue injury or necrosis and infections.
•CRP levels can be elevated in the later stages of pregnancy as well as with use of birth control pills or hormone replacement
therapy i.e. estrogen. Higher levels of CRP have also been observed in the obese.
•As compared to ESR, CRP shows an earlier rise in inflammatory disorders which begins in 4-6 hrs, he intensity of the rise being
higher than ESR and the recovery being earlier than ESR. Unlike ESR, CRP levels are not influenced by hematologic conditions
like Anemia, Polycythemia.
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 PO No :PO2047906032-532
                                                                SEROLOGY
                                                    FEVER PACKAGE ADVANCED
Test Name                                      Result                 Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval     Method
Comment:
Interpretation:
 RESULT (INDEX)                        REMARKS
 Negative (<0.8)                       No detectable dengue NS1 antigen.
 Equivocal (0.8- <1.1)                 Repeat sample after 1 week.
 Positive (>1.1)                       Presence of detectable dengue NS1 antigen.
      Recommended test is NS1 Antigen by ELISA in the first 5 days of fever. After 7-10 days of fever, the recommended test is
      Dengue virus antibodies IgG & IgM by ELISA.
Comments:
      Dengue viruses belong to the family Flaviviridae and have 4 serotypes (1 - 4). It is transmitted by the mosquito Aedes
      aegypti and Aedes albopictus and is widely distributed in Tropical and Subtropical areas of the world.
      The disease may be subclinical, self limiting, febrile or may progress to a severe form of Dengue hemorrhagic fever or
      Dengue shock syndrome.
      Positive: The presence of Dengue Nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) antigen is typically detectable within 1 to 2 days following
      infection and may persist up to 9 days following symptom onset. NS1 antigen may also be detectable during secondary
      dengue virus infection, but for a shorter duration of time (1 - 4 days following symptom onset).
      Negative: The absence of Dengue NS1 antigen suggests that the infection may not be in the acute phase. NS1 might be
      negative if the test is done too early (within 24-48 hours of infection) or too late (9-10 days after symptoms start). In such
      cases, serologic testing for IgM and IgG antibodies is recommended.
      Results should always be interpreted in conjunction with clinical presentation and exposure history.
Limitations:
      Some samples show cross reactivity for Leptospira, Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Hepatitis-A, Influenza A & B, Salmonella
      typhi, Zika virus, Japanese encephalitis,Yellow fever, Epstein-BARR virus, West Nile Virus disease.
Note: The referring centre/ Lab is responsible for informing concerned Local authorities on notifiable disease.
                                                                                                                            Page 6 of 10
 PO No :PO2047906032-532
                                                                SEROLOGY
                                                    FEVER PACKAGE ADVANCED
Test Name                                      Result                 Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval     Method
Comment:
Typhoid fever is an infection caused by a bacterium, Salmonella Typhi. Timely diagnosis of typhoid fever at an early stage is
not only important for etiological diagnosis but also to identify and treat the potential carrier state in order to prevent acute
typhoid fever outbreaks. TYPHIDOT is an immunochromatographic assay designed for the qualitative detection and
differentiation of specific IgM and IgG antibodies against specific Salmonella Typhi antigen in human serum or plasma. This test is
an aid in the early diagnosis of typhoid infection.
Note:-
      It is a rapid, qualitative, screening test for early detection of antibodies to Salmonella Typhi in human serum/plasma. All
      positive results should be confirmed by supplement tests.
      A negative result does not rule out recent infection, as positive result is influenced by the time elapsed after the onset of
      fever and immuno- competence of the patient.
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                                                                 SEROLOGY
                                                     FEVER PACKAGE ADVANCED
Interpretation:
• This is a screening test for antibodies against Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A & B. Results indicate only approximate
titres.
• Titers ≥ 1:80 of O antigen and ≥ 1:160 of H antigen of S. typhi or S. paratyphi A & B are considered significant.
• A single titre has limited diagnostic value; paired samples taken 7-10 days apart are more significant.
• A positive Widal test indicates Enteric fever or typhoid fever and should be confirmed by gold standard test such as Blood culture.
Limitation:
• False Positive: Anamnestic response may be seen in persons with prior enteric infection or immunization with TAB vaccination.
False positive results may be seen during unrelated fevers like Malaria, Tuberculosis, Dengue, Brucellosis, Rheumatic fever etc. In
such cases, there is a temporary increase in ‘H’ antibody titer, whereas enteric fever patients show a sustained rise in both ‘H’ and
‘O’ antibodies
• In endemic areas, normal people may show moderately elevated levels of ‘O’ and ‘H’ agglutinins
• False negative: Agglutinins usually appear by the end of the first week of infection, blood sample taken earlier may give a
negative result. Immunosuppression or antibiotic treatment during the first week, before antibodies develop, may suppress the
immune response, leading to lower antibody levels.
Comments:
• The Widal test is a serological assay used to detect antibodies against Salmonella antigens (‘H’ and ‘O’) in the serum and help to
detect infections due to S. typhi or S. paratyphi A & B.
• Results should always be correlated with clinical findings to arrive at the final diagnosis.
• The Widal Slide agglutination test can occasionally produce false positive results; confirmation may be done by the Tube Widal
test.
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 PO No :PO2047906032-532
                                                           CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
                                                    FEVER PACKAGE ADVANCED
Test Name                                      Result                 Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval     Method
Comment:
•Note: Pre-test condition to be observed while submitting the sample-first void, mid stream urine, collected in a clean, dry, sterile
container is recommended for routine urine analysis, avoid contamination with any discharge from vaginal, urethra, perineum,
Avoid prolonged transit time & undue exposure to sunlight.
•During interpretation, points to be considered are Negative nitrite test does not exclude the urinary tract infections. Trace
proteinuria can be seen with many physiological conditions like prolonged recumbency, exercise, high protein diet. False positive
reactions for bile pigments, proteins, glucose and nitrites can be caused by peroxidase like activity by disinfectants, therapeutic
dyes, ascorbic acid and certain drugs.• Urine microscopy is done in centrifuged urine specimens
                                                                                                                                Page 9 of 10
 PO No :PO2047906032-532
                                                               CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
                                                        FEVER PACKAGE ADVANCED
Test Name                                          Result                Unit         Bio. Ref. Interval               Method
                                                                *** End Of Report ***
Conditions of Laboratory Testing & Reporting:
Test results released pertain to the sample, as received. Laboratory investigations are only a tool to facilitate in arriving at a diagnosis and should
be clinically correlated by the interpreting clinician. Result delays may happen because of unforeseen or uncontrollable circumstances. Test report
may vary depending on the assay method used. Test results may show inter-laboratory variations. Test results are not valid for medico-legal
purposes. Please mail your queries related to test results to Customer Care mall ID care@1mg.com
Disclaimer: Results relate only to the sample received. Test results marked "BOLD" indicate abnormal results i.e. higher or lower than normal. All
lab test results are subject to clinical interpretation by a qualified medical professional. This report cannot be used for any medico-legal purposes.
Partial reproduction of the test results is not permitted. Also, TATA 1mg Labs is not responsible for any misinterpretation or misuse of the
information. The test reports alone may not be conclusive of the disease/condition, hence clinical correlation is necessary. Reports should be
vetted by a qualified doctor only.
                                                                                                                                           Page 10 of 10
                  Ensuring accuracy IN every single report
                                        Following a 3-step review process: