PART 10

1. over-enamored (adj)
definition: Quá say mê hoặc quá yêu thích điều gì đó, đến mức thiếu tỉnh táo hoặc khách
quan.
example (context: C1-C2): Investors became over-enamored with the new technology,
ignoring potential risks.
2. tire of doing sth (idiom)
definition: Trở nên chán hoặc mất hứng thú với việc đang làm.
example (context: C1): She never tires of helping others, no matter how busy she is.
3. vote sb down (phrasal verb)
definition: Bỏ phiếu chống lại ai đó hoặc đề xuất của họ, khiến họ thất bại.
example (context: C1): The proposal was voted down by a large majority.
4. acumen (noun)
definition: Khả năng phán đoán, hiểu biết và ra quyết định nhanh và chính xác, đặc biệt
trong lĩnh vực cụ thể.
example (context: C2): Her business acumen helped the company survive the recession.
5. agile (adj)
definition: Nhanh nhẹn, linh hoạt cả về thể chất lẫn tư duy.
example (context: C1): An agile mind can adapt quickly to unexpected challenges.
6. apt (adj)
definition: Có khả năng, thiên hướng; phù hợp; thông minh trong phản ứng.
example (context: C1): He’s apt to make quick decisions under pressure.
7. astute (adj)
definition: Nhạy bén, sắc sảo, đặc biệt trong việc đánh giá tình huống hoặc con người.
example (context: C2): An astute investor knows when to enter and exit the market.
8. be no fool (idiom)
definition: Không ngu ngốc, có khả năng nhận biết hoặc xử lý tình huống khéo léo.
example (context: C1): She’s no fool—she knew exactly what they were trying to do.
9. be quick/slow on the uptake/off the mark (idiom)
definition: Nhanh/Chậm hiểu vấn đề hoặc phản ứng với tình huống.
example (context: C1): He’s quick on the uptake, so he rarely needs instructions
repeated.
10. brainpower (noun)
definition: Năng lực trí tuệ, khả năng suy nghĩ và lý luận.
example (context: C1): The project requires more brainpower than manpower.
11. cerebral (adj)
definition: Liên quan đến trí óc; thiên về tư duy hơn là cảm xúc.
example (context: C2): His books are too cerebral for the average reader.
12. clear-sighted (adj)
definition: Nhìn nhận vấn đề rõ ràng, có sự hiểu biết đúng đắn.
example (context: C1): A clear-sighted leader can anticipate both opportunities and
threats.
13. commonsensical (adj)
definition: Dựa trên lẽ thường, hợp lý và thực tế.
 example (context: C1): Her approach to problem-solving is practical and
commonsensical.
14. donnish (adj)
definition: Giống hoặc mang phong cách của giảng viên đại học; hàn lâm, sách vở.
example (context: C2): He had a donnish air, preferring books to social gatherings.
15. grey matter (idiom, noun)
definition: Chất xám; trí thông minh.
example (context: C1): This puzzle will really get your grey matter working.
16. high/lowbrow (adj)
definition: Cao cấp/thấp cấp về tri thức hoặc sở thích; thiên về trí thức hoặc giải trí đại
chúng.
example (context: C1): The festival offers both highbrow art and lowbrow entertainment.
17. ingenuity (noun)
definition: Sự khéo léo, sáng tạo trong việc giải quyết vấn đề.
example (context: C1): Their ingenuity in designing the product set them apart from
competitors.
18. literacy (noun)
definition: Khả năng đọc viết hoặc hiểu biết trong một lĩnh vực nào đó.
example (context: C1): Financial literacy is essential for managing personal wealth.
19. nimbleness (noun)
definition: Sự nhanh nhẹn, linh hoạt cả về cơ thể và trí óc.
example (context: C1): The nimbleness of the team allowed them to adapt to sudden
changes.
20. percipient (adj)
definition: Có khả năng nhận biết, hiểu biết sâu sắc.
example (context: C2): She is a percipient critic of modern literature.
21. profundity (noun)
definition: Sự sâu sắc trong tư tưởng hoặc ý nghĩa.
example (context: C2): The profundity of his insights impressed the entire panel.
22. razor-sharp (adj)
definition: Rất sắc bén (nghĩa đen và bóng), nhanh trí.
example (context: C1): She has a razor-sharp memory for details.
23. quick-witted / dim-witted / half-witted (adj)
definition:

 quick-witted: nhanh trí

 dim-witted: chậm hiểu, ngu ngốc
 half-witted: kém thông minh
example (context: C1): He’s quick-witted enough to get out of tricky situations.

24. sapient (adj)

definition: Thông thái, khôn ngoan.
example (context: C2): The sapient old man was respected by the entire village.
25. sagacity (noun)
definition: Sự thông thái, sáng suốt trong phán đoán.
 example (context: C2): Her sagacity in political matters earned her a place as an
advisor.
26. well-versed (adj)
definition: Thành thạo, am hiểu sâu trong lĩnh vực nào đó.
example (context: C1): He is well-versed in international trade regulations.
27.  abhor (verb)
definition: To hate something very much, often because it is morally wrong or disgusting.
example (context C1–C2): She abhors cruelty to animals and refuses to buy products
tested on them.
28.  abide (verb)
definition: To accept or tolerate something (often used in the negative form to express
strong dislike).
example (context C1–C2): I can’t abide people who talk loudly on public transport.
29.  abominate (verb)
definition: To feel great hatred or disgust for something.
example (context C1–C2): He abominates all forms of racial discrimination.
30.  antipathetic (adjective)
definition: Showing or feeling a strong dislike or opposition towards something.
example (context C1–C2): She was openly antipathetic to the new government’s policies.
31.  be no/little love lost between (idiom)
definition: Used to say that two people dislike each other.
example (context C1–C2): There’s no love lost between the two managers after last
year’s heated argument.
32.  blench (verb)
definition: To suddenly move back or turn pale from shock or fear.
example (context C1–C2): He didn’t blench even when the judge announced the
maximum sentence.
33.  cannot stand the sight of sth (idiom)
definition: To dislike something or someone so much that you do not want to see them.
example (context C1–C2): She can’t stand the sight of blood.
34.  choke on (phrasal verb)
definition: To be unable to breathe properly because of something in your throat; also, to
feel unable to say something due to emotion or strong feelings.
example (context C1–C2): He almost choked on his coffee when he heard the shocking
news.
35.  contemptuous (adjective)
definition: Showing or feeling deep dislike or disrespect.
example (context C1–C2): She gave him a contemptuous glance before leaving the room.
36.  cordial (adjective)
definition: Friendly and polite in a formal way.
example (context C1–C2): Their relationship remained cordial despite the disagreement.
37.  cut no ice with sb (idiom)
definition: To fail to impress or have any effect on someone.
example (context C1–C2): His excuses cut no ice with the teacher.
38.  deplore (verb)
definition: To strongly disapprove of something and criticize it.
example (context C1–C2): We deplore the use of violence in resolving conflicts.
39.  despise (verb)
definition: To feel a strong dislike and lack of respect for someone or something.
example (context C1–C2): He despises anyone who lies to him.
40.  detest (verb)
definition: To hate someone or something very much.
example (context C1–C2): I detest waking up early on weekends.
41.  disdainful (adjective)
definition: Showing contempt or lack of respect.
example (context C1–C2): She was disdainful of his attempts to apologize.
42.  hate sb’s guts (idiom)
definition: To dislike someone intensely.
example (context C1–C2): He’s hated my guts ever since I beat him in that competition.
43.  leave sb cold (idiom)
definition: To fail to interest or excite someone.
example (context C1–C2): The idea of extreme sports leaves me cold.
44.  loathe (verb)
definition: To feel intense dislike or disgust for someone or something.
example (context C1–C2): I absolutely loathe cleaning the bathroom.
45.  misanthropic (adjective)
definition: Disliking and avoiding people in general.
example (context C1–C2): His misanthropic tendencies made him a recluse.
46.  not take kindly to (idiom)
definition: To not be willing to accept something, often because you disapprove of it.
example (context C1–C2): She doesn’t take kindly to criticism from strangers.
47.  amenity (noun)
definition: A feature or facility that makes a place more pleasant or comfortable.
example (context: tourism – urban living)
The hotel offers modern amenities such as a rooftop pool, spa, and 24-hour gym.
48.  ambivalent (adjective)
definition: Having mixed or contradictory feelings about someone or something.
example (context: decision-making – emotions)
She felt ambivalent about moving abroad, excited for the opportunity but sad to leave her
family.
49.  blow hot and cold (idiom)
definition: To frequently change one's attitude or opinion about something.
example (context: relationships – behavior)
He blows hot and cold about the project, praising it one day and criticizing it the next.
50.  be in two minds (idiom)
definition: To be unable to decide between two choices.
example (context: career – decision-making)
I’m in two minds about accepting the new job; the pay is great, but the commute is long.
51.  fence-sitter (noun)
definition: A person who avoids making a decision or taking a side in a dispute.
 example (context: politics – debate)
The politician was criticized as a fence-sitter who refused to commit to any policy.
52.  dither (verb)
definition: To be indecisive and unable to make a decision quickly.
example (context: personal choice – time pressure)
He dithered for so long over the menu that the waiter came back twice.
53.  have a foot in both camps (idiom)
definition: To support or be involved with opposing or conflicting groups.
example (context: politics – loyalty)
She has a foot in both camps, working for the government but also advising the
opposition.
54.  irresolute (adjective)
definition: Showing or feeling uncertainty; indecisive.
example (context: leadership – decision-making)
His irresolute manner made it hard for the team to trust his leadership.
55.  noncommittal (adjective)
definition: Not expressing a clear opinion or decision.
example (context: conversation – negotiation)
She gave a noncommittal answer when asked if she supported the new law.
56.  rudderless (adjective)
definition: Lacking clear goals or direction.
example (context: life – organization)
After quitting his job, he felt rudderless and unsure of what to do next.
57.  shades of grey (idiom)
definition: Situations or issues that are not clear-cut but have complexity and ambiguity.
example (context: ethics – decision-making)
The case isn’t simply right or wrong; there are many shades of grey to consider.
58.  shilly-shally (verb)
definition: To hesitate or waste time through indecision.
example (context: work – action)
Stop shilly-shallying and decide whether you’re coming with us or not.
59.  tread/walk a fine line (between sth and sth) (idiom)
definition: To be in a situation where it is easy to make a mistake because you are
balancing between two extremes.
example (context: diplomacy – social interaction)
He walked a fine line between being friendly and becoming overly familiar.
60.  wishy-washy (adjective)
definition: Weak, feeble, or lacking in conviction or clarity.
example (context: opinion – leadership)
Her wishy-washy stance on the issue failed to inspire confidence.
61.  agnostic (noun/adjective)
definition: (n) A person who believes that the existence of God or the divine is unknown
or unknowable; (adj) relating to such a belief.
example (context: religion – philosophy)
He describes himself as an agnostic, open to possibilities but unconvinced by any faith.
62.  ascription (noun)
definition: The act of attributing something (such as a quality or origin) to a person or
cause.
example (context: sociology – identity)
The ascription of talents to genetics is common in scientific discussions.
63.  bigoted (adjective)
definition: Having strong and unreasonable beliefs, especially about race, religion, or
politics, and being intolerant toward others.
example (context: social issues – prejudice)
His bigoted comments offended many in the audience.
64.  bigotry (noun)
definition: Intolerance toward those who are different or hold different opinions.
example (context: discrimination – society)
The organization works to fight racism, bigotry, and hatred.
65.  heretic (noun)
definition: A person who holds beliefs that go against the established doctrine of a
religion or accepted norms.
example (context: religion – history)
In medieval times, heretics were often punished severely for their beliefs.
66.  multi-voiced (adjective)
definition: Involving or expressing multiple perspectives or viewpoints.
example (context: literature – discussion)
The novel is multi-voiced, weaving together stories from characters across different
generations.
67.  many-sided (adjective)
definition: having many different aspects or qualities; versatile.
example (context: discussing a complex issue – academic): Climate change is a many-
sided problem requiring cooperation across multiple disciplines.
68.  multifaceted (adjective)
definition: having many different features or perspectives.
example (context: describing a person – formal): She is a multifaceted artist who excels
in painting, music, and writing.
69.  on all counts (idiom)
definition: in every respect; in all aspects considered.
example (context: sports commentary – informal): The team was the better side on all
counts and deserved the win.
70.  perspective (noun)
definition: a particular way of considering or viewing something.
example (context: workplace discussion – neutral): From his perspective, the plan was
too risky.
71.  proposition (noun)
definition: a statement, suggestion, or plan put forward for consideration.
example (context: business meeting – formal): The company rejected the proposition to
expand overseas.
72.  self-efficacy (noun)
definition: a person’s belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish
 tasks.
example (context: psychology – academic): High self-efficacy often leads to better
performance under pressure.
73.  the other side of the coin (idiom)
definition: the opposite or contrasting aspect of a situation.
example (context: debate – neutral): Low taxes benefit businesses, but the other side of
the coin is reduced public services.
74.  vantage point (noun)
definition: a position or standpoint from which something is viewed or considered.
example (context: travel writing – descriptive): From the hilltop vantage point, we could
see the entire valley.
75.  your two cents’ worth (idiom)
definition: your opinion or advice, often modestly expressed.
example (context: casual conversation – informal): If I can add my two cents’ worth, I
think we should start earlier.
76.  bald/barefaced (adjective)
definition: shameless and blatant; without disguise or concealment.
example (context: politics – critical): That was a barefaced lie told to mislead the voters.
77.  shamelessness (noun)
definition: lack of shame or embarrassment about one’s actions.
example (context: moral judgment – critical): His shamelessness in taking credit for
others’ work shocked the team.
78.  brazen (adjective)
definition: bold and without shame.
example (context: crime reporting – critical): The thieves made a brazen attempt to rob
the store in daylight.
79.  brassy (adjective)
definition: (of a person) loud, confident, and often rude; showy and bold.
example (context: character description – informal): She had a brassy attitude that
intimidated newcomers.
80.  sleep like a baby (idiom)
definition: to sleep very well and peacefully.
example (context: casual chat – informal): After the long hike, I slept like a baby.
81.  unabashed (adjective)
definition: not embarrassed or ashamed about something, even if it is controversial.
example (context: public speaking – positive): He was unabashed in defending his
unpopular opinion.
82.  unashamedly (adverb)
definition: without shame or embarrassment.
example (context: art review – neutral): The movie unashamedly embraces melodrama.
83.  a cheap shot (idiom)
definition: an unfair or unwarranted criticism or attack.
example (context: debate – informal): That comment about his personal life was a cheap
shot.
84.  acerbically (adverb)
definition: in a sharp, harsh, or biting manner, especially in speech or writing.
 example (context: literary critique – formal): The columnist acerbically criticized the
government’s handling of the crisis.
85.  anti-humanitarian (adjective)
definition: opposed to promoting human welfare and dignity.
example (context: ethics – critical): The policy was condemned as anti-humanitarian.
86.  backhanded (adjective)
definition: (of a compliment or remark) having a hidden insult or negative implication.
example (context: workplace – informal): She gave me a backhanded compliment about
my “surprisingly good” presentation.
87.  below the belt (idiom)
definition: unfair or cruel, especially in criticism or remarks.
example (context: argument – informal): Bringing up his past mistakes was hitting below
the belt.
88.  cold-blooded (adjective)
definition: without emotion or pity; deliberately cruel.
example (context: crime report – critical): It was a cold-blooded attack on innocent
civilians.
89.  cutthroat (adjective)
definition: very competitive and ruthless.
example (context: business – informal): The tech industry is known for its cutthroat
competition.
90.  have a heart of stone (idiom)
definition: to be unfeeling and unsympathetic.
example (context: personal story – informal): You must have a heart of stone to ignore
their suffering.
91.  have a sharp tongue (idiom)
definition: to speak in a harsh, critical, or cutting manner.
example (context: workplace gossip – informal): She’s talented but has a sharp tongue
that offends people.
92.  insensate (adjective)
definition: lacking physical sensation or emotional feeling.
example (context: literature – formal): The tyrant’s insensate cruelty left the people in
despair.
93.  mordant (adjective)
definition: having a sharp or biting quality in humor or criticism.
example (context: book review – formal): The author’s mordant wit skewers political
hypocrisy.
94.  play hardball (idiom)
definition: to be firm, aggressive, and uncompromising in getting what you want.
example (context: business negotiation – informal): The union decided to play hardball
during the talks.
95.  ruthless (adjective)
definition: having no pity or compassion for others.
example (context: sports commentary – informal): The team was ruthless in their attack,
not letting the opponents recover.
96.  savagery (noun)
definition: extreme cruelty or violence.
example (context: history – formal): The savagery of the battle shocked even seasoned
soldiers.
97.  thick-skinned (adjective)
definition: not easily upset or offended.
example (context: advice – informal): You need to be thick-skinned to survive in politics.
98.  trenchancy (noun)
definition: the quality of being vigorous, sharp, or incisive in expression.
example (context: debate – formal): His speech was notable for its clarity and trenchancy.
99.  tartness (noun)
definition: sharpness or acidity in taste or in tone of speech.
example (context: cooking – neutral): The tartness of the lemon balanced the sweetness
of the cake.
100.  affinity group (noun)
definition: a group of people linked by a common interest, purpose, or identity.
example (context: workplace – neutral): The company formed an affinity group to
support LGBTQ+ employees.
101.  assemblage (noun)
definition: a collection or gathering of things or people.
example (context: art – neutral): The gallery displayed an assemblage of works from
various artists.
102.  blow-in (noun, informal)
definition: a newcomer, especially to a community or event.
example (context: local gossip – informal): He’s just a blow-in from another city, so not
many people know him yet.
103.  caucus (noun)
definition: a meeting of members of a political party or movement to decide on policy or
candidates.
example (context: politics – neutral): The party held a caucus to select their nominee.
104.  constellation (noun)
definition: a group of stars forming a recognizable pattern; metaphorically, a group of
related things or people.
example (context: literature – poetic): The city skyline at night looked like a constellation
of lights.
105.  contingent (noun)
definition: a group of people representing an organization or nation.
example (context: event – neutral): The French contingent marched proudly in the
parade.
106.  herd (noun)
definition: a large group of animals of the same type that live and move together;
sometimes used for people in a group.
example (context: wildlife – neutral): A herd of elephants crossed the river at dusk.

1. flock (noun)
definition: A group of birds, sheep, or goats; can also mean a large group of people
 moving together.
example (context C1–C2): A flock of tourists gathered outside the museum.
2. crew (noun)
definition: A group of people working together, especially on a ship, aircraft, or film set.
example (context C1–C2): The film crew worked through the night to finish shooting.
3. squad (noun)
definition: A small group of people trained to work together for a specific purpose,
especially in sports or the military.
example (context C1–C2): The rescue squad arrived within minutes.
4. clique (noun)
definition: A small, exclusive group of people who spend time together and often do not
welcome others.
example (context C1–C2): She found it hard to make friends because most classmates
were part of tight-knit cliques.
5. delegation (noun)
definition: A group of people chosen or elected to represent others.
example (context C1–C2): The delegation will meet with foreign leaders next week.
6. enclave (noun)
definition: An area within a larger territory whose inhabitants are culturally or ethnically
distinct.
example (context C1–C2): This small Italian enclave is surrounded by Swiss territory.
7. entourage (noun)
definition: A group of people attending or surrounding an important person.
example (context C1–C2): The celebrity arrived with an entourage of bodyguards and
assistants.
8. fraternity (noun)
definition: A group of people sharing a common profession or interests; in the US, a male
student organization.
example (context C1–C2): The medical fraternity welcomed the new graduates.
9. huddle (noun)
definition: A close group of people or things gathered together; often for discussion or
warmth.
example (context C1–C2): The players formed a huddle before the final play.
10. incestuous (adjective)
definition: (figurative) Describing a group so close-knit or exclusive that it becomes
unhealthily inward-looking.
example (context C1–C2): The publishing industry can be incestuous, with the same
people working together for decades.
11. rabble (noun)
definition: A noisy or disorderly crowd, often seen as having little education or
discipline.
example (context C1–C2): The politician refused to address the rabble outside.
12. think tank (noun)
definition: An organization that conducts research and advises on political, social, or
economic issues.
 example (context C1–C2): A new environmental think tank has been set up to tackle
climate change.
13. tribe (noun)
definition: A group of people sharing social, economic, and cultural ties; sometimes used
informally for groups with common interests.
example (context C1–C2): She found her tribe among fellow digital nomads.
14. trinity (noun)
definition: A group of three closely related people or things.
example (context C1–C2): The trinity of speed, skill, and stamina is essential for a top
athlete.

B. Abundance

15. abound (verb)

definition: To exist in large numbers or amounts.
example (context C1–C2): Opportunities for skilled workers abound in the tech industry.
16. brim with (phrasal verb)
definition: To be full to the point of overflowing.
example (context C1–C2): Her eyes brimmed with tears of joy.
17. be dripping with (idiom)
definition: To be full of or covered with a lot of something, often luxury or style.
example (context C1–C2): The room was dripping with gold decorations.
18. copious (adjective)
definition: In large amounts; abundant.
example (context C1–C2): He took copious notes during the lecture.
19. galore (adjective/adverb)
definition: In large quantities; plenty.
example (context C1–C2): The store has bargains galore this weekend.
20. fruitfulness (noun)
definition: The quality of producing good results or in large quantities.
example (context C1–C2): The fruitfulness of their collaboration was evident in the
number of successful projects.
21. free-flowing (adjective)
definition: Moving or spoken smoothly without interruption; unrestricted.
example (context C1–C2): The discussion was free-flowing and productive.
22. liberal (adjective)
definition: Generous or plentiful in giving or using something.
example (context C1–C2): He is liberal with his praise for young artists.
23. profuse (adjective)
definition: Given, produced, or existing in large amounts.
example (context C1–C2): She offered profuse thanks to the team for their help.
24. trove (noun)
definition: A store of valuable or delightful things.
example (context C1–C2): The attic was a treasure trove of old letters and photographs.
 25. unspent (adjective)
definition: Not used up; still available.
example (context C1–C2): They had unspent funds from last year’s budget.
26. well-off (adjective)
definition: Having a lot of money; in a good financial position.
example (context C1–C2): She came from a well-off family.
27. unstinted (adjective)
definition: Given without restraint or limitation.
example (context C1–C2): He received unstinted praise for his bravery.
28. well-stocked (adjective)
definition: Having a large supply of something.
example (context C1–C2): The library is well-stocked with rare manuscripts.

C. Endings

29. a screeching halt (idiom)

definition: A sudden and complete stop.
example (context C1–C2): The project came to a screeching halt due to lack of funding.
30. abrupt end (noun phrase)
definition: A sudden and unexpected stop or conclusion.
example (context C1–C2): The meeting came to an abrupt end when the fire alarm rang.
31. at the close of sth (phrase)
definition: At the end of an event, period, or process.
example (context C1–C2): At the close of the conference, all attendees were invited to a
gala dinner.
32. cessation (noun)
definition: The fact or process of ending or being brought to an end.
example (context C1–C2): The cessation of hostilities was welcomed by both sides.
33. die out (phrasal verb)
definition: To become extinct or disappear gradually.
example (context C1–C2): Many traditional crafts are dying out in rural areas.
34. dissolution (noun)
definition: The formal ending or breaking up of an assembly, partnership, or
organization.
example (context C1–C2): The dissolution of the company was announced last week.
35. doomsday (noun)
definition: A day or time when something very bad will happen, often imagined as the
end of the world.
example (context C1–C2): Some believe climate change could bring a doomsday
scenario.
36. finitude (noun)
definition: The state of having limits or bounds.
example (context C1–C2): The finitude of human life makes it precious.
 37. showstopper (noun)
definition: Something so impressive that it draws all attention and interrupts the flow of
an event.
example (context C1–C2): Her performance was the showstopper of the evening.
38. swansong (noun)
definition: A final performance, achievement, or act before retirement or death.
example (context C1–C2): This novel is considered the author’s swansong.
39. the end of the line/road (idiom)
definition: The point at which something can no longer continue.
example (context C1–C2): After repeated failures, they realized it was the end of the road
for the project.
40. at the end of the tunnel (idiom)
definition: Used in “light at the end of the tunnel,” meaning the end of a difficult situation
is near.
example (context C1–C2): After months of treatment, she could finally see the light at the
end of the tunnel.
41. the tail end (noun phrase)
definition: The final part of something.
example (context C1–C2): We caught the tail end of the concert.

D. Speaking & Expression

42. articulate (adjective/verb)

definition: Able to express thoughts and ideas clearly; to express something clearly in
words.
example (context C1–C2): She’s an articulate speaker who captivates her audience.
43. be all mouth (idiom)
definition: To talk boastfully without taking action.
example (context C1–C2): He’s all mouth when it comes to promises.
44. chatterbox (noun)
definition: A person who talks a lot, especially about unimportant things.
example (context C1–C2): My little cousin is a real chatterbox.
45. eloquent (adjective)
definition: Fluent, persuasive, and expressive in speaking or writing.
example (context C1–C2): His speech was so eloquent it moved the audience to tears.
46. gabby (adjective)
definition: Very talkative.
example (context C1–C2): She’s a gabby neighbour who loves to gossip.
47. in full cry (idiom)
definition: Talking or shouting loudly and enthusiastically.
example (context C1–C2): The fans were in full cry as the team scored.
48. loquacious (adjective)
definition: Very talkative, especially in a lively or rambling way.
example (context C1–C2): The loquacious host kept the conversation going all night.
49. lucidity (noun)
definition: The quality of being clearly expressed and easy to understand.
example (context C1–C2): The lucidity of her writing made complex topics accessible.
50. the gift of the gab (idiom)
definition: The ability to speak easily and persuasively.
example (context C1–C2): He has the gift of the gab and can sell anything.
51. turn of phrase (noun)
definition: A particular way of expressing something.
example (context C1–C2): She has a delightful turn of phrase in her poetry.
52. voluble (adjective)
definition: Speaking quickly and easily, often at length.
example (context C1–C2): The tour guide was voluble, sharing stories about every
landmark.
53. silver-tongued (adjective)
definition: Having a way with words, especially in persuading others.
example (context C1–C2): The silver-tongued politician won over even his critics.
54. afresh / anew (adverb)
definition: Starting again in a new or different way.
example (context C1–C2): After moving to another country, he decided to start life
afresh.

55. ephemeral (adj)

definition: Ngắn ngủi, chỉ tồn tại trong một khoảng thời gian rất ngắn.
example (context: C2): Fame can be ephemeral, fading as quickly as it arrives.
56. evanescent (adj)
definition: Chóng tàn, mờ dần rồi biến mất.
example (context: C2): The evanescent beauty of a sunset leaves you longing for more.
57. fleeting (adj)
definition: Thoáng qua, nhanh chóng biến mất.
example (context: C1): She caught a fleeting glimpse of him before the crowd closed in.
58. flurry (noun)
definition: Một đợt ngắn, nhanh và dồn dập của hoạt động hoặc cảm xúc.
example (context: C1): There was a flurry of activity before the meeting started.
59. in small doses (idiom)
definition: Ở mức độ hoặc số lượng nhỏ để tránh bị quá tải hoặc khó chịu.
example (context: C1): I enjoy his humor, but only in small doses.
60. in the blink of an eye (idiom)
definition: Rất nhanh, gần như ngay lập tức.
example (context: C1): The opportunity was gone in the blink of an eye.
61. short and sweet (idiom)
definition: Ngắn gọn nhưng đủ ý và dễ chịu.
example (context: C1): Let’s keep the speech short and sweet so everyone can get to
lunch.
62. short-lived (adj)
definition: Chỉ tồn tại hoặc kéo dài trong một thời gian ngắn.
 example (context: C1): Their victory was short-lived as the opposing team made a
comeback.
63. transient (adj)
definition: Tạm thời, không kéo dài; thoáng qua.
example (context: C2): The city’s transient population made it hard to build a stable
community.
64. twinkling (noun, idiom)
definition: Một khoảnh khắc rất ngắn; chớp mắt.
example (context: C1): I’ll be there in a twinkling.
65. a road to nowhere (idiom)
definition: Một con đường hoặc kế hoạch không dẫn đến kết quả hay thành công.
example (context: C1): Arguing with him is a road to nowhere.
66. be in a funk (idiom)
definition: Ở trong trạng thái buồn bã hoặc mất tinh thần.
example (context: C1): She’s been in a funk since she lost her job.
67. be on a hiding to nothing (idiom)
definition: Ở trong tình huống chắc chắn thất bại.
example (context: C2): Trying to win against that team is a hiding to nothing.
68. beyond hope (idiom)
definition: Không còn khả năng cứu vãn hoặc thay đổi.
example (context: C1): The negotiations were beyond hope after the last disagreement.
69. bleak (adj)
definition: Ủ rũ, ảm đạm, thiếu hy vọng.
example (context: C1): The future looked bleak for the struggling company.
70. catastrophize (verb)
definition: Phóng đại tình huống tiêu cực thành thảm họa.
example (context: C1): You’re catastrophizing again—things aren’t that bad.
71. dejected (adj)
definition: Buồn bã, thất vọng.
example (context: C1): He felt dejected after failing the interview.
72. dispirited (adj)
definition: Mất tinh thần, không còn động lực.
example (context: C1): The team grew dispirited after consecutive losses.
73. downhearted (adj)
definition: Thất vọng, buồn bã.
example (context: C1): She felt downhearted when her proposal was rejected.
74. down/out/type/overcast (adj)
definition: Ở trạng thái buồn chán, thất vọng, hoặc khó khăn.
example (context: C1): He’s been feeling down and out lately.
75. forlorn (adj)
definition: Tuyệt vọng, cô đơn, buồn bã.
example (context: C2): The forlorn child sat alone in the corner.
76. naysayer (noun)
definition: Người luôn phản đối hoặc bi quan về ý tưởng của người khác.
example (context: C1): Don’t listen to the naysayers—just follow your dream.
77. not have a cat in hell’s chance (idiom)
definition: Không có chút cơ hội nào để thành công.
example (context: C1): They don’t have a cat in hell’s chance of beating the champions.
78. a dog’s life (idiom)
definition: Cuộc sống khó khăn, vất vả.
example (context: C1): It’s been a dog’s life since the factory closed.
79. dog-eat-dog (idiom)
definition: Cạnh tranh khốc liệt, nơi mọi người chỉ lo cho bản thân.
example (context: C1): The corporate world is a dog-eat-dog environment.
80. a long face (idiom)
definition: Khuôn mặt buồn rầu, thất vọng.
example (context: C1): Why the long face? Did something happen?
81. abject (adj)
definition: Cùng cực, tột độ (thường chỉ sự đau khổ, thất bại, nghèo khó).
example (context: C2): They live in abject poverty.
82. be down in the mouth (idiom)
definition: Buồn bã, thất vọng.
example (context: C1): He’s been down in the mouth since the breakup.
83. choke up (phrasal verb)
definition: Nghẹn ngào, xúc động không nói nên lời.
example (context: C1): She choked up while giving her farewell speech.
84. crack with (phrasal verb)
definition: Có đầy, chứa đầy (thường chỉ cảm xúc mạnh hoặc năng lượng).
example (context: C1): Her voice cracked with emotion as she told the story.
85. crestfallen (adj)
definition: Thất vọng, mất nhuệ khí.
example (context: C1): He looked crestfallen after hearing the bad news.
86. disillusioned (adj)
definition: Mất niềm tin, vỡ mộng.
example (context: C2): She became disillusioned with politics after the scandal.
87. down in the dumps (idiom)
definition: Ở trạng thái buồn bã, chán nản.
example (context: C1): He’s been down in the dumps all week.
88. have the blues (idiom)
definition: Cảm thấy buồn, chán nản.
example (context: C1): I’ve had the blues since the holidays ended.
89. heartbroken (adj)
definition: Đau lòng, buồn khổ sâu sắc.
example (context: C1): She was heartbroken after the death of her pet.
90. lachrymose (adj)
definition: Hay khóc, dễ rơi lệ; buồn sầu.
example (context: C2): He turned lachrymose after a few drinks.
91. lovelorn (adj)
definition: Đau khổ vì tình yêu đơn phương hoặc thất bại.
example (context: C2): The lovelorn poet wrote verses about his lost love.
92. maudlin (adj)
definition: Dễ xúc động, thường do say hoặc buồn quá mức.
example (context: C2): He became maudlin after watching the sentimental movie.
93. mope around (phrasal verb)
definition: Lang thang, uể oải, buồn bã không muốn làm gì.
example (context: C1): She spent the weekend moping around the house.
94. screwed up (adj)
definition: Rối loạn tinh thần, khủng hoảng cảm xúc; tệ hại.
example (context: C1): He’s really screwed up after the divorce.
95. self-pitying (adj)
definition: Tự thương hại bản thân.
example (context: C1): Stop being self-pitying and do something about your problems.
96.  this vale of tears (idiom)
definition: A poetic expression referring to the hardships and sorrows of human life.
example (context: literature – philosophy)
In this vale of tears, we must find joy in small blessings.
97.  wistfully (adverb)
definition: In a manner showing a feeling of vague or regretful longing.
example (context: emotions – memory)
She gazed wistfully at the old photographs of her childhood home.
98.  woebegone (adjective)
definition: Looking very sad, troubled, or miserable.
example (context: appearance – mood)
The woebegone child sat alone in the corner of the playground.
99.  just to be on the safe side (idiom)
definition: To do something to avoid possible problems or risks.
example (context: travel – health)
Take an umbrella, just to be on the safe side.
100.  askance (adverb)
definition: With suspicion, disapproval, or distrust.
example (context: social reaction – judgment)
They looked askance at his unconventional outfit.
101.  better safe than sorry (idiom)
definition: It is wiser to be cautious and avoid risks than to be careless and regret it later.
example (context: safety – advice)
I locked all the windows before leaving—better safe than sorry.
102.  better late than never (idiom)
definition: Doing something late is better than not doing it at all.
example (context: arrival – completion)
He finally apologized—better late than never.
103.  walk on eggshells (idiom)
definition: To act very carefully to avoid upsetting someone.
example (context: relationships – sensitivity)
Ever since the argument, I’ve had to walk on eggshells around her.
104.  diligent (adjective)
definition: Showing careful and persistent effort in work or duties.
 example (context: study – work ethic)
She is a diligent student who always meets her deadlines.
105.  conservative (adjective)
definition: Preferring traditional values and being cautious about change.
example (context: politics – lifestyle)
He has a conservative approach to financial investments.
106.  discreet (adjective)
definition: Careful in speech or actions to avoid causing offense or revealing secrets.
example (context: trust – professionalism)
She was discreet about the confidential negotiations.
107.  gingerly (adverb/adjective)
definition: In a very cautious and careful way.
example (context: movement – safety)
He stepped gingerly onto the icy pavement.
108.  meticulous (adjective)
definition: Showing great attention to detail; very careful and precise.
example (context: craftsmanship – work)
Her meticulous research impressed the entire committee.
109.  prudent (adjective)
definition: Acting with or showing care and thought for the future.
example (context: finance – planning)
It is prudent to save money for emergencies.
110.  punctilious (adjective)
definition: Paying close attention to correctness, etiquette, and detail.
example (context: manners – formality)
He was punctilious in observing all the royal protocols.
111.  sedulous (adjective)
definition: Showing dedication and diligence.
example (context: work – perseverance)
Her sedulous efforts finally earned her a promotion.
112.  vigilant (adjective)
definition: Keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties.
example (context: security – safety)
The guards remained vigilant throughout the night.
113.  wary (adjective)
definition: Cautious or on guard about possible dangers or problems.
example (context: trust – safety)
She was wary of strangers offering unsolicited help.
114.  as American as apple pie (idiom)
definition: Very typically American in character or values.
example (context: culture – identity)
Baseball is as American as apple pie.
115.  be like sheep (idiom)
definition: To follow others without independent thought.
example (context: behavior – conformity)
They all bought the same phone, just being like sheep.
116.  button-down (adjective)
definition: Conventional, conservative, and formal in style or attitude.
example (context: fashion – personality)
His button-down manner made him seem older than he was.
117.  blend into the scenery (idiom)
definition: To be inconspicuous and avoid attracting attention.
example (context: social – workplace)
She tried to blend into the scenery during the heated meeting.
118.  folk wisdom (noun)
definition: Traditional beliefs or ideas passed down through generations.
example (context: culture – tradition)
According to folk wisdom, eating garlic keeps you healthy.
119.  follow the crowd (idiom)
definition: To do what most people are doing instead of acting independently.
example (context: behavior – peer pressure)
He decided not to follow the crowd and pursued his own business.
120.  go with/against the flow/tide (idiom)
definition: To act in agreement or disagreement with the general trend or majority.
example (context: social – lifestyle)
Sometimes it’s better to go against the tide to stand out.
121.  the tide turns against/for sb (idiom)
definition: The situation changes to become worse/better for someone.
example (context: politics – sports)
After the scandal, the tide turned against the prime minister.
122.  herd instinct (noun)
definition: The tendency of people or animals to act collectively without centralized
direction.
example (context: psychology – behavior)
Investors’ herd instinct drove stock prices to irrational highs.
123.  heretic (noun)
definition: A person holding beliefs contrary to established doctrine, especially in
religion.
example (context: religion – history)
The philosopher was branded a heretic for challenging church teachings.
124.  maverick (noun)
definition: An independent-minded person who refuses to follow rules or conventions.
example (context: personality – politics)
He’s a political maverick, unafraid to defy his party’s stance.
125.  moonraker (noun)
definition: (Historical) A nickname for a person from Wiltshire, England; sometimes
used figuratively for someone considered naive or foolish.
example (context: idiomatic – history)
The tale of the moonraker comes from smugglers tricking customs officers.
126.  interfamilial (adjective)
definition: Occurring or existing between members of the same family.
 example (context: sociology – relationships)
Interfamilial disputes over inheritance can last for decades.
127.  patrimony (noun)
definition: Property, traditions, or heritage inherited from one’s ancestors.
example (context: law – heritage)
The castle is part of the country’s cultural patrimony.
128.  orthodox (adjective)
definition: Conforming to established or traditional beliefs, especially in religion.
example (context: religion – ideology)
He follows the orthodox teachings of his faith.
129.  blasphemous (adjective)
definition: Showing disrespect or lack of reverence for something sacred.
example (context: religion – speech)
The artwork was condemned as blasphemous by religious leaders.
130.  atheistic (adjective)
definition: Relating to or characteristic of disbelief in God or gods.
example (context: religion – worldview)
His atheistic views often sparked debates with his religious friends.
131.  bat a thousand (idiom)
definition: (Originally from baseball) To perform exceptionally well or achieve perfect
success.
example (context: business – sports)
She’s been batting a thousand with her recent project launches.
132.  consummate (adjective)
definition: Showing great skill and mastery; perfect.
example (context: performance – professionalism)
He is a consummate actor with decades of experience.
133.  flawless (adjective)
definition: Without any imperfections or faults.
example (context: appearance – quality)
Her flawless performance earned her a standing ovation.
134.  idyll (noun)
definition: A peaceful or idealized experience, often in nature.
example (context: literature – lifestyle)
They spent a summer idyll in a small countryside cottage.
135.  immaculate (adjective)
definition: Perfectly clean, neat, or free from flaws.
example (context: cleanliness – perfection)
The room was kept in immaculate condition.
136.  impeccable (adjective)
definition: flawless; without any mistakes or faults.
example (context: service review – positive): The hotel offered impeccable customer
service throughout our stay.
137.  indefectible (adjective)
definition: not liable to fail, decay, or be defective.
 example (context: philosophy – formal): The belief in an indefectible truth has guided his
life’s work.
138.  inerrant (adjective)
definition: incapable of being wrong; free from error.
example (context: theology – formal): Some religious texts are considered inerrant by
their followers.
139.  irreproachable (adjective)
definition: beyond criticism; faultless.
example (context: character reference – formal): Her conduct during the trial was
irreproachable.
140.  land of milk and honey (idiom)
definition: a place of great abundance and prosperity.
example (context: immigration – informal): Many settlers saw the new continent as a
land of milk and honey.
141.  put a bow on (idiom)
definition: to complete or finish something in a pleasing or polished way.
example (context: project work – informal): Let’s put a bow on the presentation before
sending it to the client.
142.  sinless (adjective)
definition: free from sin or wrongdoing.
example (context: religious – formal): The saint was believed to be sinless.
143.  unblemished (adjective)
definition: without marks, flaws, or faults.
example (context: career – positive): He retired with an unblemished record.
144.  undistorted (adjective)
definition: not altered or misrepresented; accurate.
example (context: media – neutral): The documentary provided an undistorted view of
the events.
145.  unimpeachable (adjective)
definition: completely trustworthy and beyond doubt.
example (context: legal – formal): The witness was considered unimpeachable by the
jury.
146.  law-abiding (adjective)
definition: obedient to the laws.
example (context: social – neutral): The community is made up of law-abiding citizens.
147.  ceaseless (adjective)
definition: constant and without end.
example (context: weather – descriptive): The ceaseless rain flooded the fields.
148.  everlasting (adjective)
definition: lasting forever or for a very long time.
example (context: poetic – romantic): They swore everlasting love to each other.
149.  from the jump (idiom)
definition: from the very beginning.
example (context: sports – informal): The team dominated the game from the jump.
150.  imperishable (adjective)
definition: enduring forever; indestructible.
example (context: literature – formal): The poem’s beauty is imperishable.
151.  incessant (adjective)
definition: continuing without pause or interruption.
example (context: city life – descriptive): The incessant noise made it hard to sleep.
152.  indefeasible (adjective)
definition: not able to be annulled or overturned.
example (context: legal – formal): The landowner had an indefeasible right to the
property.
153.  irradicable (adjective)
definition: impossible to destroy or remove completely.
example (context: cultural – formal): The traditions were irradicable from the
community’s identity.
154.  lifelong (adjective)
definition: lasting or continuing for the whole of a person’s life.
example (context: education – neutral): He was a lifelong learner.
155.  on the spin (idiom, informal)
definition: happening continuously, without a break.
example (context: sports – informal): The team has won five games on the spin.
156.  non-seasonal (adjective)
definition: not related to or dependent on a particular season.
example (context: business – neutral): The shop sells non-seasonal goods year-round.
157.  on the trot (idiom, informal)
definition: one after another; consecutively.
example (context: sports – informal): They’ve lost three matches on the trot.
158.  round-the-clock (adjective)
definition: all day and all night; continuous.
example (context: healthcare – neutral): The hospital provides round-the-clock care.
159.  seamless (adjective)
definition: perfectly smooth and without any apparent gaps or interruptions.
example (context: tech – positive): The update was seamless and caused no downtime.
160.  unalleviated (adjective)
definition: not reduced or relieved.
example (context: suffering – formal): The unalleviated pain wore him down.
161.  unceasing (adjective)
definition: never stopping; constant.
example (context: narrative – descriptive): The unceasing wind howled through the night.
162.  relentless (adjective)
definition: persistent and determined; not easing up.
example (context: journalism – neutral): She pursued the story with relentless
determination.
163.  unremitting (adjective)
definition: never relaxing or slackening; persistent.
example (context: formal writing – neutral): His unremitting efforts eventually paid off.
164.  adverse (adjective)
definition: harmful, unfavorable, or contrary.
example (context: weather – neutral): The flight was delayed due to adverse weather
conditions.
165.  apocalyptic (adjective)
definition: resembling the end of the world; catastrophic.
example (context: disaster report – dramatic): The wildfire left an apocalyptic landscape.
166.  be murder on sth (idiom, informal)
definition: to be very bad or harmful to something.
example (context: casual chat – informal): This humid weather is murder on my hair.
167.  biohazard (noun)
definition: a biological substance that poses a threat to humans or the environment.
example (context: safety – neutral): The waste was treated as a biohazard.
168.  bushfire (noun)
definition: a fire in the bush or scrub, especially in Australia; wildfire.
example (context: news – neutral): The bushfire destroyed hundreds of homes.
169.  corrosively (adverb)
definition: in a way that causes gradual damage or destruction, often figuratively for
harmful criticism.
example (context: critique – formal): He spoke corrosively about the flaws in the system.