Tashkent Declaration
The Tashkent Declaration was a peace agreement between India and Pakistan signed on 10 January 1966 that
resolved the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. Peace had been
achieved on 23 September by the intervention of the great
powers who pushed the two nations to cease re, afraid
the conict could escalate and draw in other powers.
matic exchange continued throughout the spring and summer. No result was achieved out of these talks, as there
was a dierence of opinion over the Kashmir issue. Euphoria had built up during the 1965 war, which had led to
the development of a public perception that Pakistan was
going to win the war. News of the Tashkent Declaration
shocked the people who were expecting something different. Things further worsened as Ayub Khan refused to
comment and went into seclusion instead announcing the
reasons for signing the agreement. Demonstrations and
rioting erupted at various places throughout Pakistan.[4]
In order to dispel the anger and misgiving of the people,
Ayub Khan decided to lay the matter before the people by
addressing the nation on 14 January. It was the dierence
over Tashkent Declaration, which eventually led to the
removal of Z. A. Bhutto from Ayubs government, who
later on launched his own party, called the Pakistan Peoples Party. Although Ayub Khan was able to satisfy the
misgiving of the people, the Tashkent Declaration greatly
damaged his image and was one of the factors that led to
his downfall..
Overview
A meeting was held in Tashkent in the Uzbek SSR, USSR
(now Uzbekistan) from 4-10 January 1966 to try to create
a more permanent settlement.
The Soviets, represented by Premier Alexei Kosygin,
moderated between Indian Prime Minister Lal Bahadur
Shastri and Pakistani President Muhammad Ayub Khan.
The Tashkent conference, under United Nations,
American and Soviet pressure, compelled India and
Pakistan to give away the conquered regions of
each other and return to the 1949 ceasere line in
Kashmir.[1][2]
4 See also
2
Declaration
Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
Shimla Agreement
The conference was viewed as a great success and the declaration that was released was hoped to be a framework
for lasting peace. The declaration stated that[3] Indian and
Pakistani forces would pull back to their pre-conict positions, pre-August lines, no later than 25 February 1966,
the nations would not interfere in each others internal
aairs, economic and diplomatic relations would be restored, there would be an orderly transfer of prisoners of
war, and the two leaders would work towards improving
bilateral relations.
5 References
[1] Bajwa, Farooq. From Kutch to Tashkent: The IndoPakistan War of 1965. Hurst Publishers. p. 362. ISBN
9781849042307.
[2] Bisht, Rachna. 1965: Stories from the Second IndoISBN
Pakistan War.
Penguin UK. p.
139.
9789352141296.
Aftermath
[3] 1965 war BBC. BBC News.
[4] June 30th 1965: Cease-re was Agreed under UN Auspices Between India and Pakistan, Who Signed a Treaty to
Stop the War at Rann of Kutch.. www.mapsofindia.com.
Retrieved 2015-09-23.
The agreement was criticized in India because it did not
contain a no-war pact or any renunciation of guerrilla
warfare in Kashmir. After signing the agreement, Indian
Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri died mysteriously in
Tashkent.
6 External links
In accordance with the Tashkent Declaration, talks at the
ministerial level were held on 1 and 2 March 1966. Despite the fact that these talks were unsuccessful, diplo-
Full text of Tashkent Declaration , UN Peacemaker
1
6
All peace agreement for India, UN Peacemaker
All peace agreements for Pakistan, UN Peacemaker
EXTERNAL LINKS
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