ee es) ee ee Te The nevvyous System - For vapia reyponse -AcnON petennals # Neu vO TaN gmitter - Convolecd - con scvoustyCerth cercliorwm\ °F —-6 Wi Cand cient y (Vlas emManc OVaANTIMaANe ret{lexes The Endocune System Bteae Re Coser huntorce protom jeaicee esau ugey NEmmencs Trance elt cd in ME HIECd *ConWotled via Feedbact 1ooPy Nervous System quence) @ [ee] BEGIN: eRe CTIA S NTE -SPUNO! COVE * Zi AAVANGA ENTERITIS Brain STructurty voor ec brum , Dienecpnoten, Craingicm + cere BEUIM ifwe ¢4t THE Cerernrum corenally - Gareiicumca mig 7 2-Umm of gity Matter “FolOus contouls OF gyn F Suter stncreagcy amount of gicy mottter for agen aren 7 CONGcious Thosiont + yecogmuman of Gtimate COT ERM CONSC(CY3 Con TOL am sey cerebral e + RommGenesronSyvatey oe cy -ecep toy receptor | = genvory | abberent neuron Graingiem, T Tre CNS for Wtegrahon \ tl “ Spina’ covai sensory tract) ohm NE Tran! through brain gicm spinel yO ceve bran Corer Tang erovd auencepu Ue eee eee ae eo Seen The nevyous System - For rapid rou pense -aAcrion petential/ € myocu FO Trangmitters - Controlled = con Sci Ously¥ Crit Cerclrum) OF She Gia Cana Guns (yla coma heiovFantismeans vetlexe7 The Enaeccrine System prarongeda reseonuc TANGP OCT CA in Me lescd * For Clover, MOVe =ugey necnones *ConWotled via Feed bac’ lors Neweous System Qvemmiess etwas ~ BALA: QDS IRNSINREINISTINTERN IES - Spine! cord Sipe Spee eV ITER Brain Structures -Cerctrrum, Pirnecenaian , werainGcicm Col Siete 2p ice Cu EC cere pihums conen oly — GEMM S SNS -2-Umm of grey Motter “Felons contouts OF gyn toute siAcreagcy amount of gicy mottrr POtNOARIGE NER, BASE -CONGC1OU) Thoygnt £ rccognitras of GTimatle PED ORE CONMSCICV) Con Ol nae (Rommensovgivatss vepral A TST tex fh ee ficce Ree — Sensory | aFerenr Heuron eu: = te CNS for wteqcanon PAN : tt | “Spina\ covcli sensory tract) a SA Ur oa ec eee yO Ceve pra Cortex CONGCLOVIS Quecinc asFee motor contre! ~Cevetoral covtsx Spe Os ECU Ds I OMe - Bmpuls cu Mavel AP Gviehn icles mMresgn Cereomim # Te braiaatem - Spine cord » Mote Wack? Cacscenai hr) = Synaece witha moro’ GueneD eaten = Wwhien leaves Mme EMS via oe Mote: (etferent news —Etfeete! organ . musciC Congciesy Con red + Beeps Gen vot Bervovs guste CONSCIOUS COMM OL -AWOVy SOMEHSSMPUCATeEA Mor! PAM CV Nd AHNWOU Duy petTO 28 iy eveagingy Compt cated acner) fc eQ running ~ Hewerey fer Thy te occur TRecvuc Imeutyes muwt TWoavel Furmer. Taso ugn Many More Sy nsp des Geennccnsos) -~MOKS SYyNapscy Gleurgs The reacNeaA NM Reflex + (AVERTED VEST ROHS TOTS AMG eal) — ReRPEEesy CA inimat Synarscs 7 (RGOMCICIEMR: Sam rod PONYE Every ume = Yymmeenit | connote ee improvect Oy reps He ASTY SPOON FY Soon ErthebmnbamMoay ov retiec are PRP PPPrAPARPrRA PARP eRe eee OU Oeees Reflex Aron - A mma OCC ASTIN | OGM COM CAECT? OTN OF) petent ats Mmrougs me nevve # AoWal voot to Me Gpinal corr -In me Gpinat com, We genyel DJ neuron Syoerpcey with an ETE CNC ATCO | (TEETER NOD, amam (ANINtcrenror 1G net 'nvowed 19 a mone synaere veficx arcn) The (neciheuron cynearey ith 4 Gi DEMO tothe moter neuren axon COncktcn % caren ecotenthalts TMmrougn Mme ventvat root * spine! VEKNC 1c an GRREETSMEONSIN- ” Ret{lex ty - By pave me consciow part of Me wren + can occur Wimert Wigner efein Center wvolvemen* | "Mintime! numer of SYynapsey [conn cen y Re{texey can be Classi fico funcrenally a either: GSomane or Autonomic Cviscerar ) S$emenc rettexey + ACA with CmSiRTAIERRD m1 AS CIE J —remove the Cody (rom pain(ul eTmut?! = Keeping balance /powtur< = Invowes cither the gRinal cord or RYAN hy —atlows for qurtce vas poouc au the integranan Centre AUtonomic Rete, einvotvcy contyol of | ~ SHRIBION AMIENS CH Atl OF biCOd vVesse\eu etc) — GEUMSMAIOMNAWUEe Cm NCavt) | = BISARYIMSEEE Cyt Gan, sauvary grandee tf) ae re r | poo eee eee eee d be bdHAVA lS Hantarning pwoaily fuNcMmeny, Eq HR, BP, Kloss CO2w levels - movement OF Food ANYONGN Aigeahyc Saqgtem TAefccan™ # mectan non vefrey TMWIOKk On dame periNceln ay Omer reCiece, eT GCampn@ekye GeELNel Corch ee Teg mictuni ON, eegecaNOn ve fleyn — Bratesrem throwgh anricnomre ps monet cue BP crc Bray notem e COMPpOC“UcA CF three party ie Sc a 7 Bos *pumienvyt part of brawn slay many impertand integrana centr (ESMaISrNRTENERIESISEIMNEH Fawy cL OTC ct NEM VON = ALCENAING MH Aes Cemia! 9) Wwacty Fave! centre Trough thi region ‘Has important @ISIe) fo' SHALSIINGINGEGONGT < Te Cay = *ReEe{lEx es arecay inciuade, ty — Waissniceumnietnrersy . scoordmatcy heat 4 cys Moements “Tract moving Seycciy ~ Paanminimenmpelielnlaesed me -grelytve ve (ie Thc piencephnaton al stniee pay ty mace Up mc wetty of me Sut venwect< aie RIMS | ScHUOKY ftlay GRAN O519e > Gmuinliaamaudais' "og. taton of emeotiony + Civcamran TAYMmM® Ja + ARPPSMOMEMBG - mM PorteAt VA many HOMess tate mecnanrsem > * SeutsmacwawWAGE involved (nN cod NOIlIag motor fancnen? ae‘The WIpoTHata mw _ CT = = finvertca mrangie ANoPrt *Aeex pointy TaAMtTiony * aovnvara KH towaraty the piirtary glanct » CenNnech aM te Mme er ranray @ Lan ct — QRS vo intundibalem Cp tuto Stave) ~ Gee, (0). vst > NETVOUY areact? simperiant mM many homeostams mecnanisna , Se eel -cegulancon of GiepmvancuetmeeGis ~regule to Of (eemumemeusr HVegulanco of SCHneNamsearcusccenAmmanicemy -AqutTanemic Gentyst , svegntlanng eee capganay CC QULSTC > —pieRUNS me NZINON Mm GEEKEINS 7 ating. ectuitary crlong “Small pea Vi2et Qiank TAWIACAINIO 2 peta (CACh GIENIEIa pe Sep CHaTLey, ) = Premarin OOTG an ctenohypponye'y ) “grow Gom 10Sf of pout tis mac< Of Gilteumceromeete, - CBEREMON CN curshy popnysis ) racen groom fem wrain > Thei ce Or 14 GISRUENEERISE Ege PRARPPRPPrRER PAAR ARRRRRRARRRPateror Brita 5 Maaec Evrom 2ST. - ecenppemsM cn of the pees CTOENGISR|a) SS COV ETE) NOE MOR CD (0 | STATIS ) V from ermonc , aWeKEhoy 7 re veaniagiin nie eng MIA ReneS Oa eo hicapitlawitenncetise are SEES ci + ATEN SSE ee ‘ ~ rlermenes of tre ACT Y é am GHEEANMEE MON < Co) ~ target ASun- target ite ws ee Ces) = qawgets MNT a \aitaleasioaiaaianseremniSTOMRIET (LA) tare c 1 wewonics teatrcenerminerC = QRONGERMD = Tar@t SmemNCUEEEMVM 6.4 QUanid- Farge CRAM (mcranocyt cu) YX poer'< nocmone -Sccretcoat fromonce gtann < CM SH) PO) ETE OA Te: AUN OMREY) COME OMNirese MMMM CA Beeb bee BP ou oa na en a oo oo ah i th i EBegtctror Prtuiiary tae fron PERG SUGaaie tSemeiey porn on Of es tuitard C20°80 Ny ~ GEOWNASTNPMSI Bieta Soimiaag CINOTTCPIDES SES RUE ) - 2AM ASSO Aivcetly «9a pilayma Travel ay fret Norwmone, - pegrackc« rapicty eee ee* Cilagsmet estes tema wre AT CRU OP UISLE) TIMMS +t commen, os 1 SPEC OURO 7 ele OK. Got —eceu me AeemenemGonitingd 69 Slesct \ ecictnstey ee —proceceu D Of * rtacncs wren enter The blicca vweSSCt € Kolgare NETMEHE fn THe Nive where Ntcaca tle: mene Ken cn + (eerie IRENE UU STN CACHEETSTKESEIPSTS / Sp) Cr atom Tacmemmeyger ceuws ( MUNEHove~amacepirs: (> have an eteect ) +The rece pliSr-can be citer — (aemendictrcmmaremeenwide (ME 69 cyToplaym or nvcteus ) -Hermene Must o¢ agsWeFOTalftus c TRNELON Mc prewpPNOu—l himenreran< Only \PWAMESUGBWE TIN CKM ona Can aD Ms ruses AKeeO Meme ct acna Cia 6 Oitmrere c+ cen: onty SME Gomiere) Normoncy ust Thi MemMmod RBneE Phot pr Cewimemvvan <« PMY St wc an _umancersimcmoct ef acnam- PRPPRPRPwPRPRARHRARARARRRARP RR FEbbe bb bh bbb bed oo oa oo oo * +ROMIRIOIRIEL Can v CHEN Ca ee eTOCs aay nal PESIoaS/) riopaoemey Bre = EZ) winev eoue uptace Of someting ‘increasing oF ae crc easing WrOAKtener Hoo fs atuiacm ehMe a? wr Gaemeermiaumomennenmiotanescotsouty’ sy St Me normenc ~ Bepmcmyounib << - citer coCcan Ger mroygn ceu memerant - toy | Mg - SEMA (Cert CoSTEN OVD, ASR ASLO, prOCgeaterenc ) hinp Ad Wa Triioasmy' N9CR) Tetra; aothronine CUS VRID LNT SOCIO C > PENSE {can't get Mreughn ceu_ memerant ) + ucRNeIETM MOSES! (Seconda mee engacr Cmsot common) : SME CACTH tr, TOM, ADH Nypethatamic velcagine, factor 4 giveag en eTtH). Ditece Messenger Mechanism 1 Kmomnnmanicecemmacsh Can StriCSBemETMe 19 1h mien bian SWC CUOSHEAOMANOMIC > * Stiemmaremicmnian ia Gns — - CorncostTcroca,, T2, Ty Feats atcrone, PLegeUTTTENt, OCU WOQTH epi SOE RATAN EFTel So ! Mytopiasm or nucterts ) + Bom AStman 6 + receptor comp Cox Then passes SHU eteas CMrougn otCticar envereee ) _@enVates opeciftre genes = pas of BNA roller RNA, = CyROPIEU Mn TOT YH ESGOMm ¢ - opnermonganeitcy - effets erOtTI Nn GYOMC. IRarrect method ot hotmen= acnen- sccona Messenger mecnanismy “Meemens Mat cannot cuttove thHreugh Mmemibrcn ¢ Tic Weter Gow (not iora goturtotc ) ~ NR boora (net Talty) 4 Protmr CactH LH, FISH, ABH, ny pOinaLtam'c rete aving norment / factor’, Giucagen , e TH) sMtoemenc Cis the first meseenge) meutuTae SEM + Ceu receptor ON Mt GuTdllae of a cell Membranr 7h < pISIIRSIRTSWENTRGA Seis PITOT ~ AEN AKON NANG proreib compicx Thich in turn aller Fete votc cr cme forman'on pt Semon ng oninneninog Aoadkeny! -eyctase Can enzyme) PRRARRRARRRARRHRRRA RAR Rfht bh hh bE HEEB E OU eae eae eh ee ey a Raven CHOLATe conv cmbcu ATP SBS CAME Ceyews ame) pacntvaty protein = Cimasey C regatonw Tc enzyme >) oy cc RM SAO TS NMANESSS Ages -— Gwranging cel Pcimea biuty - athvatng Omer enzymes (Eins) ’ — inereaving, pretein 890 treuiy 7 oT mutanng ecera non — efpcetmuwce con Wane 4 rclaxca Wor - GAMP Ceetnch CE GIAAEA + me effects otCe to connne< effect need mere nemeonc, entwvot of tHormone reicas S _"- ameenias ~ ScovetzTal in airect Pespome te chang (ng Biecd (every eg par th yroiaCa?*) 7 Neuvyal Sfmt —hemty Coen cnrrcctly GMmMutait tess eommon =1e€ aadrena McAuUlhanG9YM perre M Ci —1n reyponse 19 NOmmoned by OtHer eEnaocine Crugany ¥ Te9g TOH SMmutaty Thyrorot Qranar Neganye Feeabace (ors PHOrmonc Gecve non Affectca bY Chang'ag \evety of car arlanhng hormone (svemance tn me blood. fe concentranon OF Yinaeases his fcedboces YO) Gland B ENicn in tein Locrcaycy The CECICO®M Of tloimonc K UNnicy re tuces The eve of ¥ ont)SA SING eve | aty¥ Prigges M< VeSPonsc to vreauce vevelu of Y Gaisaygrc) = freee ans a RK __attercen processe That atkcet tm conceANORSD of MinIRmSCeSe “cf pancrcose TAY ghecosue levers WO THE Blcce Ke the ces pannvtasye SCCYEIT loses gincorc Allowing wpocdy uptarce of (nme LODGED. Hagin CASES Levels te occiune bY cCeww a QurecOoe LocrcauTe their i een | ams refinery (ECHR y ee eer tn blood 2 YERCLCAG EL CLP ARDEA*thatecetig using a releasing linn binng factor 5 Hypornatames i ew tlormone|x retcasing/ — RAEN [OST LO {REREIENIB CC pituitary x thommon ey x v Alter cell process © that afrectmimemacememon YVirminmiateerey SH ypotrctiamy > TRIES Wenn eA MS alii nermepnc v = Puuitary meeeIneEcy. Gana a \__ Binigproncts @% pone * QNSMIEEey- pont > premminmg © arouna ok€icral system GAS - ipl: creatc , form - “Nelo: bi caw Aown > em cet ~cengrto Te tleGiw Companies he sonraqure rewosucton op —— Aadal Skeleton ‘Appendicul keleton Posterior view Axial Skeletonconnecnw¢ Tssuc . : ry organ 19 Tre boay, congists Of eetiUmecpemcnticaminens CACMTOTREr by an AbUneant exTracetluta,y nerves © Bones carniagt, tendon) 4 Ligament an Conmnecttye Tissues = _ Conncetnseuegurorone aQMome: __ SHIPPOTTSVTAG POWAY of Me COAd . protcanian So tepneMeSHWBEGAEB (calium , Phe cpOate, rigiyere- rides) “mincrar nem oG tagiuy Car lag 7 OMEKCREMMOF CREME (non celular Guogiance CONSISTING Of NEA fibrous proteins 4 omer DAMME Sach au proved py cons) + aC RMON CC Ct YeCnOMmonrOWLAdi, Which Onno “Metaboliicaity CACANO GA CMPAMG CEH "10 ANMOUSEENGS SO Ce\\lor needs Must al{fuse to cewW “Nov CACROCNeUNpCagiat PERWOTSRAMHaM —+# Thee Cells PORN. PU OPP PRPRRRRRARRHREAALLLACarniage Greot . _S bepawemeumqnesim (cach (age aAmeearemn ¢ oe qwmremmiages Of the existing carniagt dome x bet— ween Mme chonarocgttY re eo, of cart lage -Hyatine: co = Cokwonqrermprmws¥ cs are S ietumHIeWeny” aiGpevesec y In THE matriX,macing the Manx aepca”™ J TVA RUPORERT ) Te CRISPI « CoerGmoqgnsa, oA att founicmwAweaces Olacanac wun The frm but flexible mes er a PROTRACTED) vi Th CORcmm prin Anta) mmcwemac: , BROREA. , 1 SUN s8OUNG) rO, Thovt I COWAGEN™™ FOL ES SMCs 2 _yNyOUinieReCaPNMmaN g < The fiery asx apmeme 2 uEROSUEMACIRRANOMAC cerrivergeund 0A CACC ELANTRA - pomewhat Peciet« + capable of Withotancing qmenNORImamemens: , CSMOCC ITe eOS » “Seng C CHE CAMO MG NTA VEGA € RN CREGNENERIET., SigpaMSIORIMKIENS, SOMES 9 //~ Loca ho ge ae Bub EE U Ree eee oo > j_Biagtvie earn tage 6 Similan te hyaune carniag’ but matrix saiwou contain s etease cf OZ - Browickeumniclitty with even moctifiex(bituny, —___ Trvcunmatn ip calaitiataine ATL UGE 12 CANS CTEMERI TY € Fo Abw rerure me mer ovnginet whape C= attier beng treet nea externa cars, cpigioto, ava tem Mec Bene cells - owwrebiagty : 7 bene forming c4ew produce Mme Chemicals # STRactUncs that mate Up The manmix > OM Ginate in ancapevioarenm PP maintain theo Mamex = LO CeHtEI NIN Speci alivcad gtrecturcy COM EA yrcanae = bone ae gtvoying CE’ wereacc@oun ThE matrix i bawge multi nucitatcad Cells Ori gmat ¢ in red oone marrow ~SPecia\sed for tcapuorpnman. mopisec CoH. Bone Matis a = COUAQER fiercy, protcogiycan 4 - carbon, Hay oregtay Pip ni negen > pPretein Or joecass aemety by CUITebIa0+ + maintains wy cde OC ayTT - ES ROT Gane - Hyaroxyaponts Ga Pouce rata) ROA MAHRARARARARRARARRA RS Jt. Tnb ib hb bh bn bh be nnn bab ob an wo oe oo 7 CAaIciuUM tony + pneophate tony Cmineral_ part) TMade from avso1ecdA snorganid (calaum + Phospnaic tan) bY ouvitobliactl t 7 How accu pone matrix foun? + OSTEO BIAGIYS - formation of pone Through cssificaha or Oogtecgeneo! —__—_ctemaeaieioaitntnidaactonseecciemMaBIR A GG —_ Releauca by exocytosis — PiCeurger of hy aroxapante STOrEA 1a VEONENE men veleaccA by eKocytoGis clypty of bone growm + VSHONWICI ~Fetal aeveiopment , initic reparr oF fracture = Cea gen fore vandemly arrange 7 woven bone i6 Broten Aeon by Aieowactasts 4 reformea (ato thin Sheets cated lamella = cowagen Fiore, AtC parale\ yo each omer in eacn lamevate purin atthe t+ lameWa the covagen fibres nave CuftrevenrtwoutembermOny. + WOWNg) UPper + Lower Iymbs ° GIIOMIN' cay pat 4 taney BWM ries, Stemum, 6 KAN Ucapul > weveigMWar veicorae, face) Megoadcim tf Mesenchymal Mosue - Gham gionre™ preeuirsem cell 4 feoue Otbane.a eerie STapeMe — areimracalyoes COCT) wesocesmbe' OS = — appre! pore contains caumns bone cated trapecuta€ Generally EPC RIEC IO RSE + gouveundea ey & = ESSE ~ MOPMSSEMMIS « Found 10 spine > era AY SONS ppecdiis C1oy end af tong Cone - + Commupiceet T POUR CON BON UAC APES ( AVONO? me outvidt) = Baste unit ts Th. < CAISARSMNCNMNRTeINeNeEe System Compact bone crrcuan ZO> apriforanng Canals anor ical vessel from perooteum ro eEcnemate he cOomact wenc- ; syeusels Cf Me central canal 7 -Natvieni? 4 Gaotes mavel re 4 from Fi orteocyity via = =intergmmal fluta of lacunae # comatcul i From outeocytos to MIeogyNt by GOV" Bi junocnon > - Flat, Short long 4 Wecgular bone? 4 - Se a =O Alaphygss epipnyse Gananearcn - ot GPONGY between compact Kone 4 - seme flat tivregulay bones Of te SKUW nave Sinuses IONE A by Mucous Mem orants phot 4 lyre gular: ~ COMPact pone That sUrroundy weone bone Cenve See Qe & = = = = = = &ech cpipnyse of long benaw NO elvapmysiy 4 hot elongatca + womigibon c | = Shaft ,largity compact bene — Cem © entangGgomeniInlofameoone, Cargiy spergy eon’ se Joetween aAtaphyd! J 4 epiphyseal, alse Enovn av THe grouth pirate itis matte of nyaline carnmlage present anti tgvosth strep — EpiIpHYscamlMaAk vocation ay For tprpnysest plate Cartilage is replaceqg PY leone + The bone 6 tops growing iniengith — MISCUNAKY MCA: to coiaren, contain) reaAmarror, gradully Meo Changes ompeyicie ie aliapinierorniee 4 Te SCuN. Rest Ch gCeieren Contains red marrow SS = at KAKO affecnag wonc OX O36! 99 shutinan, hermencs excercive # gene nc —= - BAClomot en benty : Tack of catcium protean t O™Mcy = nunients aureng grout A a AevclopMent can cavit Boney 10 be er Smetter. = +P a - negEcssa'y For collagen syn cuts by CStEelHladts: “= } vaniqa san cKecess Can have -ve effect cone peatthas: =tnowl be meaty several bone Mati proteins putitity inconciugive !& neal tA Suppiimenranen EMprore bon oO : ey —~May affect bone heal + calc OSA 7 proauced in myrera grand. TInv Owed IA Cazt+ NOMEOGTASII tolcauent WAH vevels are 00 NON, Aecrcaucs eyteociast acnwity. 7 ant Prd > snMetates cntperngaNat qavatage growm™ A appesOGl bone growth CalaumM nomeestaris ‘bleed jcatcuum necay be eo CoeNmatant level Aepends en carasm movement ‘WwoUur of lone shee a FO aecrraye caterum in blood ! Osteo Blasty hew bon« * Nee te incycave Cataum: ote OCleuts Kreac CQO + PETE) s me ey regulater of bicoa catcium | levels. Reteaseatancn eorex levers bow 4 aivectiy otimulata ourcociacts tO ‘eure AK AOWN pone Cale. TOnIN vElcasca Whee evely are nigh — Acaveansey osteonact acivity | Wi YA calaym neeacad ? steicasc of naswrotrangmistes in newve Wand - MiESslorn PmMuUscle CON TWacna -Diocad clothny, enZymc atacter(Pi D toi Do oD no Ho oa Hh @ th oth th wo Mechnomcet smess + Boos remo dang | * FlOmGes (KC jRRIPLAQ, wen? ect arc CANCA mecnancal Gregor mecnanical Stes! cavoty bone remoaenng Yan inccade OM bone WFARREIT massCaens ty) wot) ohew- AVaning of rabwccylat Fomange causca ey osteo plaut acmurty WHC En erceues with GUEIION [Odea . Bones ¢ Jain s AiviGiony Of GeEete hon = GM | (GIOMEBB Cs > Alewemcuiculeys( (26) Besos Bing Bone + bileenel — eniargca enc 2 Boe main part of bone 1 WIEN 7 CONGTICRON beTACEN Head 4+ BoAay 7 Miewgicuguiisenmac’ - cA QT + CODEN - Smooth rounded avy nculay curface MARLLLL LD + Awvayoyne — bend : Remon ~ brancn off body of eon? < BaleeT—- ermat! flattenct arnqguiaycurlacc eroycenons — PYOCESR - PVOMMm ant prajyce han 7 Wembemene - smoatt round oumyp T_MupiremO«swiye \CNO|O - Tweenraimicy — Atoevrogi mer on prone femur — Epreomag! ~ncay jacove a condyleClassi pcanons of Joint) tbaicA on me mayer connectvt Msguc + Flo rouse — Unite by Albrous CT, nove Neyeont Gavuty, move a lotrle of net arall —_ Guonep ecm): Spice oviae seh GOO pegs mat fitinne socket pewocdental Vigameati' hola teem 19 place —___ amy | ofpposinguipons) ene? _ InicraAigitare with eer'ostcum of the omer, Guitural WgQament two penosica pluy Aaenve, fbiouy,cT between in aaults mre yout may OSSAY complettry ~ SUREEAUIGM pOhes arc furme a pact Than in a suit 4 are jyorncet by ligamenl. gome movement may 4 cour, + CANT ag enous! es 7 VNtitterworooncs by mecang at CArONVAgT, (4 Tt OF NO MHeVement, may be permenant or rcplacea by cthcr Kyecs Of jyornts — eras) S Oe Ort Fempody + eine Keplacea by Gynenonadrosty, same LE Coo Fecnonaral pants AwEeloP Syeovial jJarnw ae | = ce LAA AAA AA Signy moveawir. SmMovveN oy cootainy synovial Flu vo, allows considera e Movemenb camel Jain — moot are jounts thor Marte pone" OF GPPEN AI Calar Geereron, 1ePlecr a Ot ap PEenarcnitarsi a eR ct movement 2 A jon ae Gtructure Keterm Mes the Ty Pc mor) eceumm there MS 7OOMC Joints only nave enseturpe ot Movement, others can move in severol \ Aw cohens “OROMEIVEARSE can ve Glowsehweomas ew bee ee ee eee eee eee=n cele roo Vana, fees ron, {| GWMMSMION Support, GrOrage, ASSIST 10 MAOKEIMENT, prOTCENE , DIOOANCEM COA OY * RcuoemcoInopeNcaNy ct TH dEEICtal Cystem | oc “mittanougm tt) carverem nemrcoctauiy: 7 Gaver tenga C Tyres A Qtand) s encoragey COLTS BIA tS to AcpoutT CalauMin wene Creauce prose catawm ) —eTH Cpaothyrad grand) sindirectly ‘Nr cauty GUtTO CAST active ty CiNercauc biecd calcium ) Desc pmons of pens, 4 party . Teorrnamcton ° targ@t proyecnm 1 PVP 21 WHMCS YOUN ACA Pi Qyecnon 7 BSW Shallow aeprcesgion * Gomororen + opening C scur Sea Re 1 (EGH : prommnant rage + eReeeGs preycun + CRM OWA. Oe WAY + FESR Bove oUN Sit.Funcnens of the mugarlas stem “ONSHEMERTE Of Hx body “MaAnNtamence of PSCC * Cerna Genera - wscte) U prepeiticy o € muase + conibraertimty: abuvty OF mudscte fC Sherten WIM force TO proarce tensien _1 Bxltitadombintyy capaciiy of muscic to red pond tO a Stimulus (from nerveu or nor monce ) # must be capable of transmitting acnon petennal- + SK TSH CUEING | Muscice can oc _stretenca to \t norman Yesning \engte 4 beyona ROmw mAs Cheam AG Once < CUATTEITYD alvity Of mMuccte TO Veco + original reghng lengm aficr gtretcne Or, ZLyepes of muscie 1 SSUE + Quareuinanizanin: ~HOT of pedy weight 7 Feyponsibie tor: locamonon, tegpiration, posture, masncatrr facial expieccion “ generally atvache@ 10 bone (facal muses nor attacncd —_ CONN Sniroyze See eR Cprpyysetrem ) extend | PACPCMEL which in some casey iv lengin of whole MusdCic ~ mulMpic nuclei, penphtratty (ocatcat CAPRA ORR OO OO ROO OObbb b bebe eee ede oe 2 oe oe oe oe oo shas srvianens - no gpecial ce artacoment? ~ Voluntary (involuntary (1eflacu) connol “hot capabic cf spontaneus contrachon -Found in natiow organs 4 Tube cg brencniote, gur, biood vessels = Cell Chapc: spuNmEamainapEn (KS=2ooKmmA length SEgpmeavanmetcr TIM Ole, central’ y lOcaica nucieus - CEN Cel attaMment: @epmpanemen J porne~owie WweeramEmMoeFh Mmugcie” Gems rogtincr. a (nveluntary contro | - capabic Of Jpontraneus Contraction Tonty foundinneart+ Sato nee - Cell Snape: Gyetinemnucamamranchice oe" O pm cena 2-20 Aremete J SINGie, CentyanY locatca hy ceus =intercalatca aroce join cttly Magemcr ~hav gmanon “involuntary Cntrol ~Capabie of Gpon tanews con fracnenben c > TANS FEIN The [OC HOnEANGANOY one Ghorten avatar of He M4gd¢ Thro ugh Tenden men to bone) = €eimysium surrounds Rete made < TF REImMYSsi4M: Surroends GqeWErey | AWGUERMISKEU. Cacn aroup cailcea frorsver Tendon > Strectucst ef a Ker stal muscte f fileve “Sacielémma plasma memvoranc = SAeNEplasm | (gto pIoum es 7 Mat PlGrqueber at pen pnery (O48 of mitocon arin “Myonmomey . Cglin ari cal OVrganetls within SAWOpiaumM. . SARC OPMOASENCNV ET TCOMUND (imo OT! Ee) TSTOVAGTe OfCa?* 7 terminal cigttrna are CNIAVACA Sacro— Plasmic reticulum iocatcd eithev ciac of T-tubulc 2 _ TROT GNENammmTTBIS NN) invaginations ef SAacroleMmMa with win Aeecpr int the cei AuEUS SEUS SI a eRe - Sith myofrerls theca \ \ — Se a bb anol) + BRENISTED im TH MANN SMPaeRINsTE NT Uletauoeetmbament & racKATyoRllanicnay Through | ami z are bana) * EREATIAMIC f —_ CACCNAAMNPTNEASSE TIT - A Bone egnoMemaEAEBeGGEN her < AISTINEEOMNT AOMASNTOVE TIC - + MANN | (in Tc RANMA amalen men pornmaton mice MYO Ramen Ns 1 Sacvomerc OES MAREN R AN TIAA IRONS Ol myefitaments— = FOC) ZameANSICRROMZNTONS 6 — GIES isnnizammanm for Ske cto! Muscle Mint [pT 7. = actin Cthin ) j d ¢ Myos M(tMice) Myofilameny. HHH tf ff Of OO ee Tband fA bana U HU RMyosin (thc Frlamen large clongatca protan made many myoula motccutcy , 1ock€ UK —gelf crubs : “Myosin neadsy can pena at wage "ego QUOWS binaing te active siity on me : actA Moiccul <> fo form cvoss= ori ACS * Myoutn heads ace “cock ca” uphi gant. ready for acnon wien AIP atacney TO The hingt weenon 4 breten Gown 1nid AvDicteResteacmrenay TSit at 4b “degict g towards Their Tared (fowaras the Mine) “Tne oreatdown of NTP tiperaice energy cocking Mm my outa Neads Up 10 A0 Acq “Nien myourl noaays are upri get. me winding SiIt on Mmyourn (aces upwaray. “When Catn of MC heads Swivels, rey SWIKE! DaCkK [TO CViginal HS Aeg towaray TAIN position (towards Miine) Acnn/( thin) Myofilaments Conta + oF Tact 4 aompecnemxmpretienn wi. ach epyTRaINgG site + GENAECKIOMETNREY 10.9 ¢thcr +O feiMh th vh oth th bpHnno nh hana i i ht ft th th th . VW ft iv ~ Woponunucnangweeace te (ty erigine\ Shapt TWrhalicn movyty treeomycutn back TO Gevee the lelinioniinig”eetc on achnn eStia ing. Eitamecon* mode) + MYyofitamenungivole pas T CACN Ofer 7 thin Filamenty are arrangtNiower Mick Tomaras M-Net s NO Lengm énange tA actrinoY myouIn t Muse con trornen~ ghertening of (OO Ss Gawomercs, Muscte contiecnon >? each Musa (6 Servet py meter nerves — SIEQUEHIEN : SORA ES HEWN cs ~ SHASSNA: aaTOMOMiCHEVEL | AISMRS <1 —_cdemoukoe | MERORSMICTENS cs | WERRIOOS/ 7 CAM mere! Merve Contains Many Nexto 70 eatr newe entem Me muscie it OvaRCne? A TYOS Through The cOnncctive Mesue layers Neurons Tetminatc ot Memuscre cell ata pone cated the neuremuccuiae jyncnon ~ PRORYRAPTOAC WING | IM o« A metOl newton cAI,~SYyRapMemededst | gE cctcen me & T pes synartc membrane [mete” ena Piate: 0% hc SeiesowemmM + EX citation -contitacnon Coupiny i MeChanniam Where BY a cnonmpoTen aly SO Me Scarcolemma (cad te myouiA F acnn 'oteracn eo * As com Rachi¢ prove my intctact. Sacvomers Shorten The Whole MUSCLE, MHS Gtarty Fe butia ap fenscon by palling em the beoy attacnments of me muscles via tencden J 1 ESHRCTAEROTEN Os gmecthorsthan the Weck) misetonic conceatiwnonCmevemtnity oecurdy AARAAAR HA —Semetriic (poe mov TPAStOrat Musccy OF me boay. Winichn LATA VONE YOM MT emven a ciamot a “Thi 5 1emCATEHIO® { s Lonmboteet byl an achin potenna! From a motor neuron FMusctéey are Mache Of many Muscte ceily hea feg ether PY Conncetive TEsue Whicn hold it arrect the force towaras me end of Me MUSCIC TOme tenaen « onte bone LoMrenaamion Of Gpeciiauwidicctmconmnacniemproncin = Extenuer : extend seme thing t * SUPIMaTOr > Supinate forearm CVA AZ IM TAMALETON Qa auct domething 7 hevaror! ratue geome Shing "moot wet weea omer quentier for former seccih# canon 7 MINEO » Frame © 2 longs, oreviy 7M orimey | meacsy, MiAIMMS rR eP ‘ie Y ain ay | of fn hit wii T ft rnd:=F Furncnons of me neart 3 —gencranng pleoen "predsurt : Vemutbuneimmonena :scpc (Ott puimonary a 69S FeMIe Chycutanhons _ ee vatwr 4 Negulanng Bleoa GUppIY to mMatéh Changing Mmetawowe neeaus te Soxygenetey pleect : RODR BO Sts dysrem is —_ FRISRIGREFF Rear t 7 be prcusdre = 16 reg atance = Neart > organs (not lungs) 2 heart ~ beng (ese Thy gh pressure = nigh resistance ~ Provlats vexy gen: tea plecd te body Locaneo a = = start (ecatca (9 MmeatiesTin am meatostinum aiviades Moracc Cau ty inte Mett + egntr part + Wacnca, cevepragas, my mus, bloed vesutiy # NOWNE) AWS 1a mecoosTO4M, Lungs cimer utac EENELINg zlayers = Fibrous pericavaium for ammemonage 7 =a} a =~ SSTUOATS I | ~Xtpicaravum Cviseral pee’'cacaium)) smeo' Cuter layer of neat ~ mye caraum (caratac muscles mbes, covery ware? chaocaraium(tiones CNA valvey) mugcic coo Wacriens. Coronary Ciiculanon L = = E E E > bloca supply th mi Myocaratum itsclf Svignr al Chteovonavg artcrisy ave He frst branches of the aucenaing aorta. slLarge atcits travel io oute: on heart ou) face SmMatier brancnty penctware the myocardium * bLCCA retuUIny via CcAaralac veins WwinsCn Aran vate me coronary vea~e Sinus ON the Podterior surface of Me neat t hen HK gNnT atvium: BLcoA Ficw é systemee y o> pulmonary qt > ; Ps RARAAHReReAaAAR RRR OP OR GR al1m ow ob ow om Heart valves 4 areecnon al wicod flo 2 At OVCRWicUlar vaive”: ~between atria «ven aicies — left varve = ic apea= mitral valve ~ vignt vate = tricusp a 1 MEMURG Hac Vass: 7 between veamces + great valve) Sregnt ventricle A pulmenary MUN Thett ventricic * aorta Ev orow geere ton ot ncart ‘1 Gee RRCSSAAaS) SMES! The 4 wowwe ioumianty - anchorage ~ ConnCKECeCEE OMNES) Sel 7 eee Weal Pagatarien petween ara tvenmicicy Cara acmusl ht PRFED! sMlatcd, prancned, intereatatca Atecs, aemeaseme, gay juncnon: (as pwergeumimmcemmns < lisimicitealieia ciiielorumuer ata Cosmelel 2 eeu Ri atoning vevy Four electrs coil | ae-actim + Caravac reuewt is Me Afference BETWEEN CO A perssn can acnicve - AT recut * max CO — WEAN GN ERERENEIEUEIMC | Thc _AmeCTEMT € CAPCREGIISR Un A ci TAIN C) UEKORNOMEEMETORD io =o _ factors aftecn ng heart rate = SA 4 AVNCAe Ennervatca by parasygmpatenc 4 6ympamene Hore _Senmetied mrougm caralovascrlay Centre la _ medutia eolengartn * paKasyrnpamenionnenwes (via vagus ) = innervate OR 7 AV nodes T tran smi rter - ace tyicnoinc 7 _GOComtTie 7 Alminant ah rcut + aymiplememicnnerweyl(via Meraaa gpinatcoraS —_ {FR hec ater GumIISACe < > t¥angm i tte: Thema acenauae -inerraye HQ - aadrenaring = nonadrcnaliae = MYyrerh Nermane)*oMmer ~ boay remp > Arugs — Steep — Sress peacerc Factors ficcang Snoce velume Tanyming mar aflect) AR will awe aftcct CO wut Gv docutnt cnangye * Pretota, conttacnuty ¢ after toad aticct SV Paso a oh + thc 'Ferce’ of (LOBAL ON Me yen THiCUlar My Ssere just prion te coanntacttan * Aetcrminea by cad awrouc voiwme Cebev) “draringy baw of Who heart | = Rne Gerater Me filing ct meheare e— eos halt uAS) “Le aumepunmgomaleee WV | \qouevuwonsumay COMO 1 Of UV “\enocuummenunn |S Thc meyer wercuminans+.ot EDV (cemprenoaa ) tthe ww Me (tes of Veneay BICom Hace fo We heart funiinme T Showa >= caraial ourpur . Fa ‘ Tbicoanvoiume (fiilin 5 Pressure) 5 Con Tal ven dus pressure/Vight anal presSure (forward Pressure j > Sthous tone ¥ He CAPACiTY OF Vane to hei ct blood = Seeictal muscve pump “'eSpiratory Pume. ls Ty NRRR RE nmerenrmrenmnrnrnnnAnReaRAR Pp WSead kd ke deebadd bbb odd oe i ee Con tract ty **efers to He MOMOpTENSeTArS of the heart 71 6 he” denremp RMN RENERITMIeNRINNANANTRIMEANTE Safina iro sures pretoad Aepen dant a muscie Mevesy QU toon The Ca2t con centre nc? ry te connect Wnich (o aepenac CretieeetuiNS) Name me SSS rBbitrload s the force againut Wercmi which WC V (CAI GAN GERI CLOMNO SIU “Nomally mise presgare tyin Mme avttrics sca Ch VENICE Mugt Develop €nov% force on Wall Tenviet To exceed Miy precéurt in oracr TO elect blood (Ate these artcriigy“COmparca te Me want ven miele ¢ rm VENT ICle HAY PARMCI TAME Han RY Wall. ~ Geog ESSOPEROR < rolvac mu sce con Tacnon geRere aa Aer Bie pathway / *‘ Myecavatad iafracy arc far more commen SA Le Et Venmicic Than ngnr wecawe ot The Aicater Op requiremen™ here FOr Aceobic Mmietaborvam “be{tven tricular nypermoephy ws a Siagn Of an Overmoare ea near, Tre Caravac cycie "one comptcte heart bear * ONPIGVIZA' AWG! sylesele + Aiauiore *% VEN Mieulavy suey CANA C Muccite Muut Aepolarive oetorc iy CAN CNWACT 4 (Epolanut befac (T can relax SO eter cauevenm precede mechani Gl events (Heat has autornyummicrylaue ro cnnodcs: Aepolan oan scquence “Of node > GH atial muscic > RVNOAT Catiay) > amiovenmicuiar bundle > RAL bundic brancnc > Purkinje forty SS VCNT I culay mudd | ~The Spreacmont Le Mivougn THe heart. “SA Node Qencratts impuldc aviena, KxXCitanon begins ~*mpuVve dactayoa at AVnoac nrerorempnrienrnnnaAranAanhhAhhRrtmrmtemraARPrerep Pee IT7 _Umipultoxmierssens ro heart apex, vera mar fx citanon Pega? — ¥ cinmicanmesienireln OANeS IPSEC FAT ial repotariganen eccuty AUWINgG Vent lay arpotariganen. HeReaeepae eee eed be eae oe ea+ THGRINGETAISING innermost Taye” [~emnaomeium »] — besmentine 9% 4 = tamina propria co Taye) (_siatemna! erasne membrane Penesmarce ~lagu ef clastic fibres meaate Layer ~SMooMm muscte cetly arangea circularity around bicca vessi¢ = ehagne membianc( cxtorne? Tsmeetm musa AsO conu tri Chen -SMeCOM muAscred contect, WOO risrotegu of ariciicy VON ACCVCOIT DLCOA MS ~VasoaiiaTIon Smeem Must relax, | gute Cr ictambo, 622Chom = ecutcemost taytr (daven tie) 7 Conneenve Mesue a Naricy frem aense regular CT Near he vessel T 1e8Cs8 CT Aneh merge wim Surcunaing CT. AT AN artcne) tein) hove Same B cayer) intima, meaia 4 externa CAE CUE etal OND = eg acita * majo' branches - clagne Hssuc 7 cxeand 4 veco'! 7 Are pressure veservoivs Taka comaucnng arrernicr “tunica GIBB run Ca yaaa, TyoCe eaummmee nHnooenrnnapnartpePRReReRHRRHRARRAR RR Itee ee ee ee ee “MUS cutarn autericu Cg mearcam sized arenes TAihwewWall J - PS nayers of muscle TUnacrge vasoconsTICNa@ + vaso ar alanm ~ ata qilgmmeUnnig avTees - RAMANA A. « (mime Cour te i” ) * QWNEVMIEIED smal) muscular avtevi cd ~ HECHMIAGIRG NA S2 < wim guecubuistes” of Wan tage re Fer meal qeecriores = GENRE IONE 4 (ERIE Vermns ¢ Vente) Meine ents A eee 7 VEIN very Gmativeinyg aor That drain capillary network =chacmeial cel) 4 Casement Membrane With fea smooth music cud ~Ry Alametey incrcasts, ameunt of smeeth TARTANA cy _GETRS Ge cTamn US Obes | Cols RONnATAMI NSC Y CY - AAALNON Of FuNnicAa aAVeNNA — Mare vatves, min waite 4 Large tumeny — very compiient 2u% More Man avterics 7 capacitance vewscts of cicculatian “neice ALOT OF DICTA ar (OH Pressure Capitlarves + GopiWaticy = VEX SMe vessels C410 micreny ) = enaoMeciial cells Ging on abovemenr membrane 4 aeticatce layer of CT. 7 designe a for Vapra exchange of Nutrients 4metapciites bench bicce 4 Inteven nel Aurct —Sups Tances meve Mreugh capillary wall——_“Aiaeal a eSLOG.0 ~ OPC TSIEN) t STATES TEMEGSINK < Mote cul) typo R SIAM ItRnIZEASINTISGIN * _ CEWeTE RM SITAR In OL CONT 7 poss eenENAY oF Se NS beteeen enaomeivat C¢e\lO _ TAVee TYpeEu! >€S8 THUCLYS ~RISmIgapl e fer me acute conto of MAP S adjustment in se@pimmA) oy seme’ repleceu Aihevmency TPS Ss ee mm me mm ail eLe onHawg adda kb ged dg a ea ee ee ew ow eh 7_ 2. ORIEN ta djustmen (6 Over MOSNUMMSTSy J bY Te aN cypanaing blood volume Pracsea MAP veAucect A fating blocs votume = Vaan MAP + COMA OVENSTERNEVNCERINE in Th ¢ RETEUNENS BISA Seite” YS ESSER NSU FEV overal MINPTEAUereny ~Caoraiovascutay centt< T vasomotor ceawe Higner ens Baroreceptors qnemose cee Tot centres oS TPoavaiovaccutaves centwe CAV Osea uiaroly vasomotor cenwe centre L i Heart bpliooct Vvewsei > Showt rerum MAP contre |_mecnanismys + Bavoreceprovivettce: ~SpIPIONCU in i meRESNEMSyecencave io MWR TOC THe Aaily VeunIEINEN TREN TEBE YBN On: + Baroreteptecs are! = hugniP RECS GS WETeR ecc prow eeetieaiiing hc COMMON, 7 GAIPEURTENIC IIS 5 BANE HCA by avferentieMthemmsencory NEWWEL fONeAVENSWarcver Ceawe. + APFEVERT SENTEG (m pulses PASS te me CVE cen EA ater ‘ = VaigewTSYyMpaMmen c ANS Charge 16 The Heart from The cardio ve gqulatory Centre > EWERSET MIMI OY 7 _SYPAPATMEHIOMVACSERRISINESY Aiscnarg~< t¢ Bicct Vesseis fram me varometor ceawe 3 EWRRBEUIS Tres.SUhiciie atonene prem) cetiee vmMare L as ee ee J Viatferent im puiSau ta eufter sensory Cemvey L meastia caratiovascutay RRP RE centve Cat aroreguiatery centre V ASIN ONONS Sen wre pchomenee Symplametie (+) bymeatre 25 va gus(-) eee Vasoc On Str ichon Y SA noae vVenticies ven avter ote J eontrach ty deapacitance MNesistance toe oe K— aco — Sree ae NI Bi nus Dect ar nice ATER s Barerece picts in me carond sinus + aorme aren men ter etoca presoue 5 = r= re = & : e e = zs e Me meauua obiengeta. 1 NNGNGOV SAN RAC YIMP anemic STmMUtaton of me Heart aeereoues Me Reart rare. Aan 1 mew TAIO SMEG M pate CSAMUIGWEE of me block vewse ARSMSet tet m MAP can Wot MecNanigm > we le ee — meee = \_ 7 AIDEN “CHE Keawe Te FIMIRP ANUP Sccietect BY THe cardiac atia vhen Bieom Vewme Ses couse KAUSEREIRSS , GRENIER 5 Thave Goput re me caraiovavcutay centre causing he eee , (flea =* < = Situanon , (CMEANENSSONASE (cacy Es iO HSRVEQUEEMNOS WENIESUEIONCC, » reaucecnpH) tn Mme medulla chiengara, snmutarey near. HO vavomoter cenme, Wnicn GIRNBUUee- —__S9 Be eee Leong term MAP meen anism? 2 bY the 7Ahe Ki cincy Via renat cone: of pico votume one * ANNICIEH exepenee rena mechaniwms “ nievieeweeEUSESIVElGM « > inkveateR cRaIERUAL ROVE En 4 + SHOWERS mere ry Gaverving BUESANVSRY + inleveauingNMAr > (GWEN Hormone mecnaniemy * = eeNeNNARY He AIRE ENEHAMeontre! Nena - engietensin - atecutcrqne system (TREE aywrem) woo oOHUE Peed ee ede seSEW in me Erancy ~ HERE) ce GSRINISIRIS Of anquedemisumy 1 Scewemen wrhien + from me rene treutes, Winch aay tS) UB eteatecy bieectvoueme! 7 (mercoscu MAP.) The arepmengutennts very important in biccct pweWeNre Tegsberneny for several reason | Tin dheiF me angvetensin WU act yO? wy A _Meretore me vousumellof fiuialecevertednny tm < Kianeg Te Rk Gyttem a Ay UST blood voweme + 1WoworcMen) whi cn LS a WaSOKSINGRIctor © nis@caves VeRayweter ieapsoipmet 4 GOP Flufal cenuervainen - T anglotcnsinM caiso SHimuiatedaAtyEt to increave flaca intakes If plcoat votume Ghoul et Faw RnHAPPRPARARARRRARRRRRRPR PRTHs Ren ay system Be Sar Connery Syatem : STS IO | CNET =y —astas- br evemee | ut renner SF Mme SY __oeunyeinee) te he booty “reuse Curine ) ASCNNEL its the Glaldlae; Ctemyps tere) Tn ternatanatemy of Klainey 4 \napeogoeenie eared Tee colin . Artes ord wore, = i ntemwens ‘ neal tee i Magy (Geet Palin ardeaimon ne __nvewenpialpiwae =a =a 2 2 from cach Kianey devo a iy —_s2ntianng of Ce ie * cone snaveairene! renal papilla j renal prramid iJ : are 2 Seperated , § fi goint: temuadtowicen ty ¢ ae 7 SV cueain eee ef Kancy (vena nc HERB eer sinusncrar mag ens yUT eM BNE Me ~cupiire chucturey (Gimme > 7 coWweemurime trom pRiplWoryretuets ~ NONRONNIMIMTEYSNECHHES empty'og inte VICE eIN S TH ERCUNP EWN. u The eMPIIRBEIMENIEMOF Me Gener. The Neenren : RERTNZonpumeNE' GIT oF plasma filtrrana = Gromeruius A Boomans Capoute TPeT, Loopy of Mente, a BCT, + Sales Gg WAPAPIWET WER): araio uring To me vemos veiw sure terDs Cture c( Boomany Capua = (Bowmans capsule. afferent arteriole emer + SS, pone | the CEUs Crom geinerat emerging inves atlevent arteneies Ciitanen memprane 2 « Rene steanienber qiemerurar chaetmeial cus: elléWenabhs fesimamicnmednbieSeMECWL bat awWeG) au oe teongthente eas eee eon med tneeA CAAA GED RECEP AGE, PCL ELTAGO' “ceposng fevces* Fultraty on TSS : (2omm 49) mosey Fitta from me Paap 1) Rae bUSSIS) via osMisuiuN Griomerutar Caray pressurcCSommus ) Capsular ayarostane piessttz Cromm Hy ) Biccd Courd cgmeone picasure CSOmm Ha) Fiitranon pressure = 50-10-80 =lomm ng: PrnrAaRnRARAAAARRRARR RRR RRR OR ORGiomerutar Rurmanen 5: eens 2 . VEIT CSSIENNANIS DN approx SSI ENWNT 2 Vise wei ng eertaiumuNainicn Russia vreqaesorpren TSC WEABTON ETL Y ACHE + pasouns piecewise - GEEEER Coucn. SgUSIGRSRIEy . Reabserenos ia me COT T Nat sympotcrs Heie weavsoth Materials from fame tubular Einaic. VMENAWARIRL + oTHer nuNiencs ave ESmipNerEly YRABTSVBEAUND me AUINIPAVt of Me pens Sodium ¢ water reabsorp mon | Soarumiveabuonbinen = PETCCIND BSP@SI) peweicDe@sguy-) 7 DETIECS contwoueomoy NOt Man < - allalesteran < = tmperiant for veguiathon of ECF volume + Water Keabwov pion ~ Conpmetyseciioy Nt movement + (ADINGSNm orccep to tn hype Mmatamy ) ~ POTC GER 12Emimin™ > 4M min D) Bee Ra mao eee eed eee oa NeUe bstar geceeten *An important funcnen)ot %n< SIP - — Qeemmaner of SSiuEeeeEMgy From Tec Stemey Vpn rng nupaterefusneniC e178 *¢) netp) CUMIMMISMEMINEE (secre on Of 47) Wormat aiet? accare (cots Veasic foods eae. very, GEER) ¢.4 SE, CC) SMES ray Benet ecreety on Blooet Pressxve Tthe STEIBEG cs arc abc ro ‘iPM WEN Celblee es pre COUN Conte Beaute mey an aeeaatdes ECF/ piaima composi nen A versms . + Kianey nave a coupe of important veavens ay te ange ty ners SS ees can cr ange biecet pressure -in Winste Meenantsmy » 1" AGHSWEIBENEHICN preticerslm< Clem Tem CEBU 6 me boas “VERGIGUSHENAIANIEENS aeey ccTEcDNyie We me AXficnh avitievmovery* SEEMETEY enzym< ren . —_EXAVR MG ileNIMechaniem~ 7 SUIMPIAMEMIEEINIS contro! of GFR to Be peratly Change blesempreewry PRnrAAaARARARAARRBEEBERARARRRBRRRA RARCeri emevater Bienen Fore) Aovrercguraten ef GER Pete BHP CBOP HOME) 7 This ae Tris can be a ‘: ttt _- Giemiemmaeey Fo tr < = Known as agit ; a arc abic te an —— rn To) accor angiy — ASGER SSNS MICHSH of atferentiartesot < wey PY olooa files, SVGFR TNkGoER > cyweryentniona of alffedenittalenemsors *MNelooaplcs SRGER LOGAN FSM) 4 tequlercupncnieliblecetinICD, “can be cwewwiaeeoley me sNeCemergency) Ke REnIN-Ange) Otcesin = oStsrone SystemCRAR + wipe SNCRSESEIS 1. < HGPCMRANNSWEHIA by the jumammigvemnevalaneewoy We Mcy Heneeto Ahopmnmbip, VG SEWN) reteawicyANGIOTENSINOGEN ee AN QVOTENSIN | putin ORION MNESONICIGI MIS) NEEM ANYONE - ANAL TE NS IN “Hav a giimbe: oF aitincenmmERIEGOmS 1 < lomevey | Tt powe: ful WatexSenm etsy ~ 2: [RENEUK AB ENNENea 7 3) (ERE! 4 (Na! cecewelpiniss (MWe: Keapsorp ncn ) t C (uence Elfecty of Ai\aostcronce * PROC CUNbYy Me Mmaparentenn HAVE HE) NetRICIT (val+) weyelts m< Wavelets Soven tevcu ent Mechanism Fe Srmawon ef Rist “concen mete Unne T MIWetty in AevCERIatING lim TVNe@ct in aden aing time 7 SaUT pSMPpinor Me aucenciingllims SISHABINSRES mc OVO QUASAR mc Lateret nam: on TEPENEY Corte > Medea (SSS > lZ00mOEm) ArmnANnARARDARAARRP PARA HR ERE RRR RRBe Labs erenon iy the Coucshog Pacer ‘chev egRRacmenmnsteniagesamtans exjerd 4 tae et wevot, NormatCaus et) nari eane? MIMAY ¢ \SIRNES Loy, T= cee + vetpheag Comic t © Une cow HAUSE NE + ee | Pr igesemtnacmemenss + —< -- _ sncarStenencsuneananeste4 Lurosuwerera te here omtiginelietFe en owes + a\ycovewnipreuummnynercsuey * ave pasnees ons Ayveotar Prewighie Changes PANY Breatming Ltt ar me CHOSE pirabion, (nmedamwector PRESSUVEC PAU) 19 eqreiatebaromennenenvipmens™ Cra) a mere (6 nora m esements + 2 OMMENG niNGerneehiony INErECHE CL Mowacrowowume Tosa tty An NefCowt elo alvcotas vetume 4 olecrr asc intra-awolor Pressure 4 ave mores inventing) +3) atthe end of inapicetnior , atarawrotor pressure iS eqwet oh barom emo actopecssune t there ty ae aipmwerement (4) Kuringvexpicanan, teerrascstine odie yorum < FESULD in Aeercovert alve oles VOLAmMe # Inevecr in edad wre. intvolFotusctav pre couts lo _gveerey Men Soromiemieiate precsum a ate mov x oer of Lung? eee a lla MORO RR RRR eee PREovcet Creavy Maps re 7 Ate Gugemeienimmomounions umeteiamas + Snes (Ntercoutieat musctes + Neweswsry mM | Carernecuenicromastota, sistency Rostomevivemienet ) “tem i‘ Leunuingninetpinenen Ferree expacton cS teeta “NES Co cs eet Cine * eglibieeinel” Smee of Geptnanion: ~alonnlinle st iatorncl Tate rcouite> Measutement> of Lang versmes E Scan be meauurect aim gipenomenes y | 7 Spiiomerer am snitamenih conscenng of a HeWewbet! LOM ent DONE mater, WICH V5 UWE eredate Fey prnarory Lisprogram 6 a graph mer NeCoraAy Uawiptcaten 4 expicanen. + STanc tun gwelsimey sd copaccnicy” 7 being apace) + Mies e MECUMERWERE ate Cer f NRINVENGIESHIMNeHNty By m< «KAicaeMeN eres laNey ¢ wena > CGAgeoteMmeG -_meve rAeRUGWERIENEG) are FAWNSTUENCIINMIEC fers - Measurement of stance Lung Volumes \ ge dane on | SORE eter J or E D i ¢ 5 i ¢ ee ee ee ee ee eeeRee Piratory Performance *yeiame TAdtin og pieermingiietgericuity OF\Y a winrsililipiiopemnen Revancadgmes of Me rerautng welumac te edenange + TiAl verume ts TyMucetiy, aeort Seomienty: The AimcrtesGomimmeritecsy me ahon OF The QS cA good inaic Airway ebeimmehay : ceomrich. Saeapys ts AK inatcator of raramins Clee WULCHIVE TEGpLnertoryougyfUnE ON, + emma 1 SH OBOE cep when Bemivalwowsare ‘ OU 4 postmortem mo ret | = puoKeimwenwec ts ‘ propable when rato aecvoason - ~ veurienve. THe RES Platory Sysrem + cman o. conatenna pornen A A YeNpwatery ecotnon - GSRMAIEENEG NM Ouc, pracynx,Latun<, tTracnee werenens, BrONe moles 4 tEEMINAL broncmota: - WeUpENERKSRGMPOMINION FcuPLratory Broncn rele AWcciar auc 4 awe Thr Bencniat Tes + Wepeatecbmamency cates lwroncaict FoKm a + (EGP NEON Y bb COnensone,, Rieiepmingmofiemamp ratory UpIMTIEIIN Catveotay Aue, alyroli # alvcotaty Gace) Aly cota, Saucy Aly col + Alurotar Cacs + SMU Rer NFS EX EO ERG be tree cudepmbuemct ‘ Sipengepegm es Teese IVES ate SMRINCERIACSH by cicaplWegynetonk - 7 MVENIPISMIMINS Of qivEKONMOtOg 7 SMAtNNCUs(Husvon elistancc sce LengwAhucsiay c4oeus ~_ Siieejuraeanimy: = Simple SYVaMen Coils Where GEUESTEMAMS ¢ Scone. 7 Me ourtace ares co = Gm@m ouilece as ScerenTeNwa ATA 7 (SEN re Terme CONTACTED -fixco piMSBIISeG «emove cleors Facto. aticcn ng Gas Beonavoic Th GEMUIEMI. ne prysice! namre ef gous) Cape SLE Reverb eh aveonee mes nave enibercc BsylemUAS sex Vs a constant (RR SMIGDEEAIN 4 en wiyet a ges arsssiving we OW quted dv propor mene! mo. (hw par nap rreeure Ceone.) @ sotumny conCfcrent temp constant) 7 CROWNED HAS TVAT KP constant — DINSRUNUES cach gasin amixture Of garey Teer ity can preset as if au me emer goucs Were net prevent. Facto. Al{feenng Bi f{4sren of Gases OGURA Severe, (actors - SONU, + wetecuemeengn of QOS Dias OFM Sma Meiecuic MiteATZ EGU EG er SRAWSWOMRFIVTEA of ts =] alice qa Or gQlueiity PYebIEM, ARBRE, | —anarcaonceinmes pa NMNRNTTMEME Oo TK ams pert me Weqguitea quant tes ‘0x RSNMNAWICS (EHOUMYSN ) AwIdanleawNy abo* : 18A a NUE fe provement ea he ASS ClUTE in plasma, a DEYS Eon aemtoe io isn) 128 MAT eHEM SES eee CASTE cor a» GRITS NNT SUNS_ ‘MIB RSRIS EH SM Meee aN ReD carry st Mioysopisieva merce ¢ Roh S100 a caRWIENS! From OusNoleay! FTE MOVs important CBCKOMAMEERH Hic SIROliA gust Phyvicatly suunnninelinala te. + CBN awewe tom Ha aiteetice wre. BESS BELG! rn Prom Nee it MOVEUNRNONMHETRES to dom foe MG 2 NPB iw 7 Becavve of ae * puimenary cap tilars wiscat, Uy Mauiiomawealy lead, WE SE SEA Tung HHARARHH RAR eea me WSEMED THE Pe arate ent Acteemincs “Hien sUKCERCRTECR (6 AStinig RASCH Oe vamquves GSM RE Wh F plauma > Veu pS Hasuey MPO, ~.0 moweliregenoneynT eet ME ECAvEe Ol He _AUMEtEnde nl Pe. BETWEEN Hisgux SAPKanguLoSouNTeEpINIoS catty , MeN Tautemetcany | MNSOqas WO TA sss Rg o aAcmemca: wetta Nong nie ectween Oven 4 tas ge aun 70, - Hb arssectanen AYN C Voy Sign: heen t TRE CO go, vensey Co-tommig) | Steep Tepe! Tet Wigh Por values (UO ~1oOmm Mey) “Flat Cepe” 7 NENSESE! 4 PUMORETIGOMNNO] (uimecwiparr oF ive ) ROIIE2 fic: oss « RINE, 0 Srey Ge . CSE ~. ee SSR A) ~ it Bee us wed bu “AY ein as verde ur ~ BenvNEtEFeA a Peon ineVeBUeI( oAla Sis + > He + Oe iihtinninianplaiia: - “b- 0, GRIETERSESeNeerTy Hign peor (owen we Keele Slead Her Mel aleliWet Om + emp t Oxy9O) reveas+ », ABE. > SNE. oe fh tigner temp steven sen nl- teats te aetver On @ cr buipiti> vicnst ela ince A PERMITE —__7 \mmnmyetongas 7 MIOWANBETE 64 ce ~ repos WENSUES - Bit omAERENEY upom | + Brome | OMWSREL co tHUNSEIRK + ceSUNNNSBieen - *Pactow het Wate ctf ect on 6 aniiaven ‘at alvecorar 7 As i Sevel Cetatuc) O& teanilin ne Facrors War SrMtt me O- He ats chic Swart tercos | EPC MEPL Se meer, wRco, veeer cHenIEE hb HHH Aes aaa ateen eos of Oe — SERUM my > Ae SIwecmanpEwme Ct) " Combing a aim 1b) earlboamine hacmealevin GayD AUPE eAV Bsa ele NleAl\n Plasma (712 1D ~ 2 - oe = em “ ony @yAnelSiarcoy = H+ nco,! hans perro a in nssues RReRRPBR SA x ——EE _ seer io eiceume (car bonicaca) Mat ce. a ee _ “eee. eee CER IETC Ae GH) HWt+Heo, = Hco, SCO 4H,from 2&4 wiaume iis BE «ES from tico CA cataryse? mc imahon of SSSRSRUAcmioince ro Spies nseoss eo es LWeewreat HEU AtGRY oo PralhtamcaAghy the et (fusian SSRIS ct mem "5 0, AVAGO NTS Pladm afi wlio Rec) Some remaih in plarma . SUTRAS IRS ©: BRIS RbEeneemEs Bem Ne Snich SEOmSRy ne GRC. oe) ORPEORAY 1: QBieesuseseSEnnCE @iR cot . BSUNeyeyor reaalG tcicasrs cod (Hala ance ttect sy The conmictl og Res puamen (he soc CES .. EEESE).- aiiteaieayey. “* BERIShOT RET PIN a Tat) hs Ee Thy Contact atetac fo Chang The Woleme of thc MotewvencnvuNy’ TABB achviy ‘v BNEREBDRe YS Ie eaweyinss THe beg piCatorg BYAIK cen Wes “Re vetime CHhangey, Go dee me PredeGr A ne ‘MINOY ( Boy ts Lawl) 1 Bir Pebw atiorano'y Teo Brours of Nuce BIOTA EEN me MEAL A: ¢ CREWATCSNPE RVG au Meet Nay @hymmicity Cen tre (med owen UTSUSAVeENRy) of ncuron (BRer VRE wim Beth inGeiratery t ecpireiFery neurone TS patea oS : Acur ony avet bol ™m.- inupir atory musciel Xp irator ‘, we © - th rhoendin nw cuvon WAV ~< ABE muscles put onty eR aving ferceal Heat) ~ S¥eomaing + et estatory nucted ac AWSENSSSRSSNABN WHUHER ARUP ee eeewee Serie eee eee eee 4 ue ratory Group neu pe croup of MEGWERD onicn acc SRS contains are Contain = 2: GERRY Gover of TEISRwnicn ave Bay 2 a J iis einer dermsenimespneisay Uhiee < AHHU PHPBB Kaa eee eo a oe + REGO RANSD —-< Roo ore Respiratory conte EC@ee a) : GR RERUNS ana 4 Uble MERA Ingeieanen a expu anion - Nov GRR ESIRENESRTESINey : CSosatantig sen aGinnipitety impuldecs)) o CEEEISMEER ~~ IQUE RERUSIRSE . Anemer Bicly sends) Famula ey Signa HS) GRUpINETRUGaNea vo PSUang WAU SIraING, #pleVi ae iasenatery acive * An BRS o-< BERD areca to ee an (ARES SS ag foC Vaéerent fsenuory) 6s fom stretén reception © mo: BEQUUCMRIUBEBIEEE ~- TERE Ising iatiaanen Ea ... Cae, Eee) oa SRESMA Wane Ea BES cen nlp ez) ithe Ble SNR U iG Scan ahi Story pulses FSI mc (MUblrcrerSgreupiain.< Hesue 4S) WET Rein B44 Whspi ra Hef eeterc 1ungy Sccome roo Flt 110 dhert, @RERBRBSUP Serene ins EEN, CalkNeaemeeaN The Conne! of eespuathes SDE). teEETSsSy «a < MERAY Seca alse teee ptey covet GAB S recency *‘ SEAGSNUNARS .. SRST in brainstem + (NEOn Enyce Ide eon Chemical gnomuatk om, BOL FH" ors. lemenIblood ar< moniierect ass Chemore ception tik Rewn as carond 4aoric bediof Uns ch Mayor earners& é ~ > IREIBRENRE . seeSnamaweerof Chcmo recerisiy E Cm c er TAEQIMESRUNGUN . SEMNSRERSUEREmovece PSO BENIN an BREA CeneeEers ) > 2 (co SIS (| +.< Sea Ee Cremicat Gnmuli: Co, (Ogpaise « Bisaa5 & Tre aumete Beat ot 3 ‘oc SSRERIEeU EES GIMES pio Fovimiaoss0 maloleaey Ee thine ~ Os a BE esses) “Wis trauy me ARIVEAR Sma Renn “Any siMeRNNNERCAUINBIEE. Crypercapara) SRESUEM by c BRRIRINWM Greaney > GOPEMMSIS HaCos = Acos FHT ES | ANIME SN RT MSMEIRU SO SNeCIVE + (ACReawE mc ete { 1h ¢ cetmetmotencrmenjoNeeeeiewy 'o cavse Ine (RURMeatad, ofivcs + PRSRROFSENTS «wee, (BEB IOAIGSWEIA ™- 65 NS eretecnvc BUC ONSET, MED) GureKiy Tena SONNET worcn BRMUUEIE, me Eenmar cremovece pie y touin crease tede + UY PR eo He pesneemonmVeGers pcos fronSemaiCuomm yn a veg RS Wenn uremnormal reU hag rate, * Centra: chemerceepiet- hig hy Seowinve tO prcHang?y “ SIGART AP CS. in vicog > VRPHCSF TM Veupinare 7 pert eR eta Gime teceptors 7m aye awmerics of nece ANA aort a 7 Wedpenel Wealeiy 1S eHangev iA PCO ~ Si¥eatGatiitence a by bisoo ns, Given BB Change Wimeit change tn Ped... Chemucat dtimuli: Or _ ©, WChemoVecePRew ave JENGIANE Hs PO: + SAL (corer re large eecrcauemm POs level Mesias to (MNBEISSNCSR MH C+0y. yrauchon)R ee AAHAHAHUHRHAHHASGHe S“4 - MialinieanIOn Ccone~sag’) RUSR UIC ERY ~ BOGUAT RI Cowatiouing ) 7 weMWe ETEK — rARUNMISIEMIERT Clarge jareutine ) ney ~ 5 CTS, +, AS wile, Tare Ss - GESREAY + MOBEIp hen / — AISI Te rreMEUUMEN OC Tact (ANONeIRENaNGA CBiSeewuuimen) ;a. a et Gi wact egesnon) SERS + SEB.) | SESSA (SSERORS ) ( MaRS z CO + CSS) EE € - Ws 4, “eh :_ gmenser, Ns roteaystoayery RRRRRRRRRRRHRARRRaE ABB elonston wot ever gwanowne@ + actaccaron Peristarsiy + segmentahen = conuiety of 7 nick GES ~ OWES MEUSEgeR> + (WHE AUT St abasminat “SEGTESETREIEN (a evimitece ) ARTE. tet SUBERSIaegIaey ~ WERSPERTEEEN. ce vrais organy coverca by Peritoncum on Oniyone surface # are Convicerc & WEN NO per concurn Sf Jn. PARRA RRR RRR RRR oe R rR mmaa ee ee we ee le lef iF | ood Mi |e MoM ° Pe ticancumn _ MEGERRE Ey —WSSOTUAGE:. of BERRSREW Gi the, TAA WENGE? oc loose CT eet Geen RARW EWE nee Sees ENIQmaoNnenmesoreleny Meso Appenaiw a Ligament v —_—___ 2). . SEE + Baten rots) VErEenlive. Meantewenlasaemian) Say Great cave ty __ SSUneESEEy - ee TSN Ay _ ARIE es Copcaing into pharynx) BOMTEMSRY . * Meainbutc : @pace bers ea Welicnecey) Maiwyeia, Processaqs Wit teem 7 S¥el canny proper: meatal fo ale claviprocesuien ~_inke a Se meist( Ne) GRE HR Alca 6 a wamewy epi tmyciiem = inges Won Cf face bi ps # Cheesy bom Cvuc ure. Siac aaaian SET rsay SPREE, + CNLUICTabDy - SWB EIN aN SVU MUU ete Sean . 7 SAG, Ker einizeey Gira h Gra SO qwamowlexteyic: +f COCO CE biae ak IN AcEMIS BINS Toa pPIn’ CQrour(clas) Berena from — Weuswweureneie Cm con’ eile qumerenmpncaasuess ot tex = howeppes A Lower bes (es ecenvely = po move les ~RERYPaciat muscte? act . of erat cavity -PWediniairor masct< wucal far eat E al Falate a patatine “Tes 3 - Palene? — AMENPONENS: ARES suppotcc! ey Min +t palanne bont - Qos sSeineas consist 0! Ease Ruscie # conncehve Nesuc —(UNRENAT pj cry trom BRENEMISIABiomiiestiass Tengws - Wee qapevlo, Gurface « SiPRaene 4 poutet ios cCartacx ' - ABW FrAn Hee Gawamess epi rnrevum “\otnereimUUees change Shar< 7 Extrinuic musticu protrude jyvetact TOngtc (ERRSIAENSNSTS = AEB arin RARE MSV — papiil\@egeéme ot whith hove TeauTe bU AY. — WefAfac QATAEKES Tenge (A Feri ov VGy ro GNSS? ot eva caning - PeGHEMVSMpaUT: 7 DOW paipitad + FEW scatteret Taare buddy riemereReAhnRRrRAReReRPeeRRR ee at a igmpne a MEG AMemedsed in eure Ay GUrGace: WaAgual tonsil |