Mini Project - 17
MULTI FREQUENCY ULTRASONIC REPELLER
Abstract
Technological innovations in the modern world have major role in the economy,
lifestyle and other aspects of human being. Innovations came up in different sectors
including agriculture. Modern machineries are capable of delivering high output in
crop fields saving more time and money. Innovations in biochemical sector have
given rise to chemical pesticides and insecticides that can be used in agricultural
sector against harmful pests and insects. But these chemical substances are harmful
for the soil and can even effect the composition of the soil. It can also cause
degeneration in the mineral and nutrient level of ordinary soil and can lead to major
soil pollution. Multi frequency ultrasonic repeller is a perfect alternator against
harmful pesticides and insecticides.
An ultrasonic repeller uses an ultrasonic oscillator which continuosly varies the
frequency of emission step by step automatically. Ultrasonic devices operate through
emitting short wavelength,high frequency sound waves that are too high in pitch to
be heard by the human ear. These high frequency sounds are capable of repelling
pests like rats, mice etc. Unfortunately, all pests do not react at the same ultrasonic
frequency. Thus to increase the effectiveness, frequency of ultrasonic oscillator has to
be continuosly varied between certain limits. By using this system, emitted
ultrasonic frequency is varied automatically.
An ultrasonic repeller can become a major technological innovation in the coming
future where the pollution levels are hiking at an increased rate. It can reduce the
use of pesticide and insecticides at a major level. This not only keep the Earth safe
but can also play an important role in the economical progress of the agricultural
sector worldwide.
Dept. of EEE, JECC Page 2
Mini Project - 17
FEEDBACKING ELECTRICAL ENERGY FROM ELECTRICAL
APPLIANCES
Abstract
Most people don’t know how much energy they are spending for different purposes
and also they are unaware of potential electrical consumption reduction level they
could make by changing their consumption behavior or investing in new efficient
technology products. Providing electrical consumption information to household
and make consumption information tangible is very effective strategy in reducing
electrical consumption in households. In-Home Displays(IHDs) provide consumers
real time information on electrical consumtion level and related expenditure, with
that strategy turning an intangible electrical bill into transparent and controllable if
possible. In a ceiling fan which generate kinetic energy from electrical energy , the
induction motor changes the electrical energy to mechanical energy by spinning the
shaft. Some motors can mount generators to convert kinetic energy into electrical
energy(rotation due to inertia) like a dynamo. Alternating current can be normally
generated using a dynamo. This current can be used to charge AC/DC devices
directly instead of storing it in a battery and use the same.Assume that the devices
are not in use, then the power generated can be stored in a battery. The power
generated by a dynamo is sufficient to power devices which require less power.
Most of the electronic gadgets can be powered using this.
A dynamo is attached to a fan’s motor for power generation. The dynamo is attached
such a way that it result’s in the rotation of dynamo’s shaft. This motion causes the
dynamo to produce electrical energy. The dynamo output is given to rectifier circuit
and then to voltage regulator and hence the DC regulated output is used for
charging.
Dept. of EEE, JECC Page 3
Mini Project - 17
BIDIRECTIONAL VISITOR COUNTER
Abstract
Many times we need to monitor person/people visiting some place like conference
room or shopping mall or temple. This project can be used to count and display the
number of visitors entering a inside any conference room or seminar hall. This is a
bidirectional counter which means it works in two way. That means counter will be
incremented if person enters the room and will be decremented if a person leaves
the room. LCD displays this value which is placed outside the room.
This system is helpful for couning the number of counting the number of people in a
auditorium or halls for seminar to avoid congestion. Moreover it can also be used to
check the number of people who have come to an event or a museum to watch a
certain exhibit. Microcontroller is a reliable circuit that takes over the task of
counting the number of persons/visitors in the room very accurately. We wil be
showing both in counts i.e number of people entering the room and out count i.e
number of people exiting the room on a 16*2 Alphanumeric LCD. An IR sensor is
used to monitor the person entering and exiting the room.
Dept. of EEE, JECC Page 4
