Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2013; 2 (3): 66-71
ISSN 2278-4136
ISSN 2349-8234 In-vitro Antispasmodic Activity Analysis of Methanolic
JPP 2013; 2 (3): 66-71
© 2013 AkiNik Publications
Leaves Extract of Lantana camara Linn. on Excised Rat
Received: 26-7-2013
Accepted: 09-8-2013
Ileum.
Prasanna P. Ghodake, Ajit S. Kulkarni, Nagesh H. Aloorkar, Riyaz Ali Osmani,
Rohit R. Bhosale, Bhargav R. Harkare, Birudev B. Kale.
Prasanna P. Ghodake
Department of Pharmaceutics, Satara
College of Pharmacy, Satara-415004,
ABSTRACT
(MS) India.
This study was aimed to provide the pharmacological basis for medicinal use of Lantana camara Linn. as an
Ajit S. Kulkarni antispasmodic agent using in-vitro pharmacological assay. Lantana camara Linn. (Verbenaceae), is a widely
(Vice-Principal) Satara College of
growing shrub which found to be toxic to some animal species, has been used in the traditional medicine for
Pharmacy, Satara-415004, (MS)
India.
treating many ailments. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antispasmodic effects
of Lantana camara leaf constituents on rat ileum. Antispasmodic activity was assessed by the interpolation
method on isolated rat ileum. Effects of acetylcholine, methanolic extract of Lantana camara leaves and
Nagesh H. Aloorkar acetylcholine along with methanolic leaves extract were studied on isolated rat ileum; which later compared
H.O.D.- Department of with atropine as standard anti-spasmodic agent. The present study results revealed that methanolic leaves
Pharmaceutics) Satara College of extract of Lantana camara Linn. showed promising antispasmodic action on excised rat ileum.
Pharmacy, Satara-415004, (MS)
India. Keywords: Antispasmodic activity, In-vitro assay, Lantana camara Linn, Methanolic extract.
Riyaz Ali Osmani 1. Introduction
Department of Pharmaceutics, Satara Lantana camara Linn. (Verbenaceae) is an aromatic shrub, native to tropical America and was
College of Pharmacy, Satara-415004,
(MS) India.
introduced in India as an ornamental and hedge plant [1]. Dutch explorers introduced it into the
Netherland from Brazil in the late 1600s and later explorers from other countries brought seeds
Rohit R. Bhosale to Europe, Great Britain and North America. Following its introduction into Hawaii as a garden
Department of Pharmaceutics, Satara flower, it soon spread to the Islands of the Pacific, Australia and Southern Asia. In a similar
College of Pharmacy, Satara-415004, way, from Natal it was rapidly spread by birds to the warmer areas of South Africa [2]. Amongst
(MS) India.
the traditional use of this plant, various parts of it are used in the treatment of cold, headache,
Bhargav R. Harkare uterine haemorrhage, chicken pox, eye injuries, whooping cough, asthma [3], bronchitis and
Department of Pharmaceutics, Satara arterial hypertension [4,5]. The root of this plant is also used for the treatment of malaria,
College of Pharmacy, Satara-415004, rheumatism and skin rashes [6]. The methanolic leaves extract of Lantana camara Linn. is
(MS) India. claimed to possess biological activities like healing of gastric ulcers and also prevents
development of duodenal ulcers in rats [7]. Previously, L. camara has been extensively
Birudev B. Kale
Department of Pharmaceutics, Satara
investigated for the phytochemical compositions. Several triterpenoids, naphthoquinones,
College of Pharmacy, Satara-415004, flavonoids, alkaloids and glycosides isolated from this plant are known to exert diverse
(MS) India. biological activities including cytotoxic and anticancer properties. It has been claimed that a
steroid, lancamarone from the leaves exhibited cardiotonic properties and lantamine, an alkaloid
from the stem bark and roots showed antipyretic and antispasmodic properties, but the validity
of these claims has not been confirmed [2]. The different parts of plant extract were useful in
various diseases like diaphoretic, tonic, antispasmodic, wounds, ulcers, swelling, carminative,
tumors and rheumatism, anti-tumor [8], anti-inflammatory [9], anti-malarial [10], anti-ulcerogenic,
Correspondence: treatment of emotional stress and trauma [11], anti-microbial, nematicidal, insecticidal, fungicidal
Prasanna P. Ghodake [12]
, influenza, asthma [13], antidote to snake venom, eczema [14], gastrointestinal disorders anti-
Department of Pharmaceutics,
Satara College of Pharmacy, Satara-
nociceptive, anti-pyretic, inhibitor of acetyl cholinesterase [15], abortifacient [16], anthelmintic,
415004, (MS) India. febrifuge, carminative, anti-rheumatic [17], to treat various skin diseases [18], adulticidal activity,
Tell: +91-7709931871 larvicidal, biological control activities [19].
Fax: +912162-275043
E-Mail: ghodakeprasanna2@gmail.com
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Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry
2. Materials and Methods:- maintained at 37 oC. The composition of Tyrode’s solution (in mM
2.1 Plant Collection, Authentication and Extraction: for l lit) was 9 mg KCl, 0.1 mg NaCl, 0.1mg NaHCO3, 0.42mg
The leaves collection was done in the month of August from side NaH2PO4, 0.6 mg Glucose and pH value was 7.4. [20]
land of green Sahyadri Hills at Degaon village, Dist. Satara, (MS)
India. Plant authentication was done by a team of botanists under 2.3 Anti-Spasmodic Activity Assay Procedure:-
supervision of Dr. A. B. Pawar (Head of Botany Department, Y. C. 1. Firstly concentration dependent responses of acetylcholine were
Institute of Science), Satara, (MS) India. Collected leaves were recorded (with dose of 0.1ml, 0.2ml, 0.4ml, 0.8ml, 1.6ml, 3.2ml)
shade dried at room temperature for 7 days. The dried leaves of using Sherrington’s recording drum with a frontal writing lever.
Lantana camara Linn. were then grinded to get fine powder using a Contact time of 60 sec, and base line of 30sec time cycle were
grinder (Voltas-300). The grinded leaf powder was then assembled opted for proper recording of the responses in presence of plane
in a Soxhlet apparatus for removing impurities with the help of Tyrode’s solution as stock-I solution.
petroleum ether, later powder was removed from Soxhlet apparatus 2. Then same concentration dependent responses of acetylcholine
and dried for 5-10min for evaporation of petroleum ether. After (Ach) using same procedure for a mixture of Tyrode’s solution+
evaporation of petroleum ether, powder was again placed in Lantana camara extract (with a concentration of 1mg/ml) as a
Soxhlet apparatus for extraction with the help of methanol this stock-II solution were recorded.
time. 3. Lastly the same concentration dependent responses of Ach for a
mixture of Tyrode’s solution+ Atropine (as a standard anti-
2.2 Isolation of Rat Ileum:- spasmodic agent) as a stock-III solution were recorded.
Rats were anesthetized and sacrificed by cervical displacement
followed by exsanguinations. The ileum was dissected out, 3. Observations and Results:-
immersed in Tyrode’s solutionand cleaned off the mesentery. Effect of Acetylcholine on excised rat ileum reflected an increase
Respective segments of 2-3cm long were mounted in a 25ml tissue in spasmodic activity (response) with an increase in dose as shown
organ bath, filled with a mixture of 95% O2 and 5% CO2 and in Fig.-1.
Fig 1: Response Curves of Acetylcholine
Table 1: Dose Response Relationship Observations of Acetylcholine.
Response
Sr. No Drug Dose
(cm)
1 0.1 ml 1.5 cm
2 0.2 ml 2.3 cm
3 Acetylcholine 0.4 ml 3.3 cm
4 0.8 ml 3.8 cm
5 1.6 ml 4.1 cm
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Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry
Acetylcholine induced spasm followed by treatment of methanolic extract of Lantana camara showed prominent antispasmodic activity as depicted in
Fig.-2.
Fig 2: Response Curves of Acetylcholine + Leaves Extract
Table 2: Dose Response Relationship Observations of Acetylcholine and Extract.
Response
Sr. No Drug Dose
(cm)
1 0.1 ml + 0.1 ml 1 cm
2 0.2 ml + 0.2 ml 1.8 cm
3 Acetylcholine + Extract 0.8 ml + 0.8 ml 0.9 cm
4 1.6 ml + 1.6 ml 2.2 cm
5 3.2 ml + 3.2 ml 2.4 cm
While treatment of anti-cholinergic drug Atropine (which is referred here as standard antispasmodic agent) showed expected receptor blocking action
(antispasmodic) on isolated rat ileum as shown in Fig. : 3.
Fig 3: Response Curves of Atropine.
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Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry
Table 3: Dose Response Relationship Observations of Atropine.
Response
Sr. No Drug Dose
(cm)
1 0.1 ml _
2 0.2 ml _
3 Atropine 0.4 ml _
4 0.8 ml _
5 1.6 ml _
Also treatment of methanolic extract of Lantana camara showed receptor blocking action (antispasmodic) as that of standard agent on
isolated rat ileum as shown in Fig. No.:-4.
Fig 4: Response Curves of Methanolic Extract of Lantana camara.
Table 4: Dose Response Relationship Observations of Lantana camara.
Response
Sr. No Drug Dose
(cm)
1 0.1 ml _
2 0.2 ml _
3 Lantana camara 0.4 ml _
Methanolic Extract
4 0.8 ml _
5 1.6 ml _
4. Discussion contraction of ileum was observed. This revealed that methanolic
From the present study results it was observed that acetylcholine leaves extract of Lantana camara possess a high degree of
(Ach) alone causes contraction of excised rat ileum but when spasmolytic (anti-spasmodic) activity by blocking cholinergic
acetylcholine was given in presence of methanolic leaves extract of receptors.
plant Lantana camara Linn., there was a marked decrease in
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Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry
Table 5: Comparative Dose Responses of Ach and Ach Followed by Methanolic Leaves Extract of Lantana camara.
Dose % Decrease in
Sr. No. Treatment Given Response
(ml) Response
1 0.1 1.5 cm
2 0.2 2.3 cm
3 Acetylcholine 0.4 3.3 cm
_
4 0.8 3.8 cm
5 1.6 4.1 cm
6 0.1 + 0.1 1 cm 33.34
7 0.2+0.2 1.8 cm 21.74
Methanolic extract
8 0.4+0.4 0.9 cm 72.73
+
9 Acetylcholine 0.8+0.8 2.2 cm 42.11
10 1.6+1.6 2.4cm 41.47
Fig 5: Comparative dose response relationship of Acetylcholine and methanolic leaves extract of
Lantana camara on excised rat ileum.
5. Conclusions 6. Acknowledgement
From all observations and results obtained for the present study it The authors express their sense of gratitude towards management
was concluded that methanolic leaves extract of Lantana camara of Satara College of Pharmacy, Satara for providing all obligatory
Linn. (Ghaneri) exhibits promising anti-spasmodic activity. Also facilities necessary to carry out present work. Also Prof. (Dr.) S. P.
when compared with a standard anti-spasmodic agent (atropine), it Gawade, Dr. A. S. Kulkarni, Dr. N. H. Aloorkar and Mrs. M. A.
was found that Lantana camara has comparatively less potent Todkar deserve a special mention for their timely suggestions.
spasmolytic activity than atropine. As many anti-spasmodic drugs
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