Google’s Self Driven
Concept Car
Presented To You By :
Shivam Kumar
BCA 1st Year
Dated : 8th March 2018
Submitted To : Miss. Romy Tuli.
Index
Introduction
What Is It ?
How does it Work ?
Equipment Used ?
How safe It Is ?
Advantages
Limitations
Conclusion
Introduction
The google self driving car is a project by
that involves developing technology for
autonomous cars, mainly electric cars.
The software powering Google car is
called Google Chauffeur.
The project is currently being led by
Google engineer Sebastastian Thrun,
former director of the Standford Artificial
Intelligence laboratory and co-inventor of
Google Street View.
What is It ?
It is the first truly driverless electric car
prototype built by Google to test the next stage
of its five-year-old self-driving car project.
It looks like a cross between a smart car and a
Nissan Micra, with two seats and room
enough for a small amount of luggage.
It is the first real physical incarnation of
Google’s vision of what a self driving car of
the near future could be.
How Does It Work ?
Powered by an electric motor with around a 100 mile
range, the car uses a combination of sensors and
software to locate itself in the real world combined with
highly accurate digital maps.
A GPS is used, just like the satellite navigation systms
in most cars, to get a rough location of the car, at which
point radar, lasers and cameras take over to moniter the
world around the car,360-degrees.
The software can recognise objects, people, cars, road
marking, signs and traffic lights, obeying the rules of
the road and allowing for multiple unpredictable
hazards, including cyclists. It can even detect road
works and safely navigate around them.
Equipmenr Used
Lidar System.
Video Cameras.
Radar Sensors.
Ultrasonic Sensors.
Oreintation Sensors.
Central Computer.
LIDAR
The Velodyne HDL-
64E lidar sensor is
designed for obstacle
detection and navigation
of autonomous ground
vehicles and marine
vessels.
Continued........
The HDL-64E’s patented one-piece
design uses 64 fixed-mounted lasers to
measure the surrounding environment,
each mechanically mounted to a specific
vertical angle, with entire unit spinning.
This approach dramatically increase
reliability, field of view and point cloud
density.
Video Cameras
Detect traffic
lights, read road
signs, keep track of
the position of other
vehicles and look
out for pedestrians
Radar Sensors
Four standard
automotive radar
sensors, three in front
and one in the rear
which helps in
determining the
position of distant
objects.
Ultrasonic Sensors
Itis used to measure the
position of objects very
close to the vehicle,
such as curbs and other
vehicles when parking.
Orientation Sensors
Similar to the way a person’s
inner ear gives them a sense
of motion and balance, this
sensor located in the interior
of the car works to give the
car a sense of orientation.
Central Computer
Information from all the sensors is
analysed by a central computer that
manipulates the steering, accelerator
and brakes. Its software must
understand the of the road both
formal and informal.
Based on the information received
the software takes self driving
decisions.
How Safe Is It ?
The car Itself is limited to 25 mph,
which restricts it to certain roads, but
also minimises the kinetic energy it
could carry into a crash if one should
happen.
The front of the car is also made to
be as kind to pedestrians as possible
with a foam bumper and a flexible
windscreen that is designed to absorb
Continued......
Seat belts are also provided – a safety
requirement for vehicles on the road –
while the car has redundant systems, a
“fault-tolerant architecture” as Google
calls it, for both steering and braking,
should the primary systems fails; plus that
emergency stop button that passengers
can hit at any time.
Advantages
Managing traffic flow to increase road capacity.
Relieving vehicle occupants from driving
allowing them to concentrate on other tasks or to
rest during journeys.
To avoid accidents.
Increasing roadway capacity by reducing the
distances between cars.
The current location of vehicle can be determined
using Global Positioning System (G.P.S).
Limitations
If the vehicle is using internet which is
having less security then from the hackers
point of view in some cases the vehicles
can be switched off on the road(in rare
cases).
Hackers can change the route which is
plotted in the system(in rare cases).
In case of failure of main sensor and
backup sensors the vehicle can create a
chance of accident.
Conclusion
The Driver less car’s technologies
improves vehicle’s stability helps to
minimize loss of control.
Driver less cars are designed to
minimize accidents by addressing the
main causes of collisions: driving
error, distraction and drowsiness.
