O.P.G.M. Sr. Sec.
School, Chandausi
Physical Education
Project on – Cricket
Session 2022-23
SUBMITTED TO- SUBMITTED BY-
Mr. Prashant Saxena
Sir Rajat Solanki
XII – A
Certificate
This is to certify that “Rajat Solanki” of
class XII “A” has successfully completed
his project on topic “Cricket” as prescribed
by “Mr. Prashant Saxena Sir” during the
academic year 2022 as per the guidelines
given by “O.P.G.M. Sr. Sec. School”
Sign of external
Teacher name
( Prashant Saxena Sir )
Acknowledgemen
t
I would like to express my special thanks of
gratitude to my teacher
( Mr. Prashant Saxena Sir ) as well as our
principal ( Mr. Rakesh Sir ) who gave me the
golden opportunity to do this wonderful
project on the topic (Cricket ), which also
helped me in doing a lot of Research and I
came to know about so many new things I am
really thankful to them.
Secondly I would also like to thank my
parents and friends who helped me a lot in
finalizing this project within the limited time
frame.
Introduction
Cricket is played between two teams each comprising of
11 players. The game starts with the toss of a coin by the
captains in the presence of the umpire. The winner of the
toss gets to choose either to bat or bowl first. The game’s
objective is to score as many runs as possible before your
team is bowled out (to loose ten wickets). When each
team has finished batting, that marks the end of an
innings. The winning team in the case of test match cricket
is the one that scores more runs after two innings. Test
matches can last up to 5 says. In the case of a one- day
international matches, the winning team is the one that
scores more runs in one innings of an allotted number of
overs (usually 50)
Basics of
Cricket
Cricket grew out of the stick-and-ball games played in
England 500 years ago.
A test match can go on for five days and still remain
undecided.
The length of the pitch is 22 yards.
The Weight of the ball was between 5.5 to 5.3
Laws of cricket were first drawn up in 1744.
The stumps are 22 inch high and the bail is 6 inches across.
The world’s first cricket club was organized in 1760.
The first LBW was published in 1774.
The Pads were introduced in 1848. Followed by Gloves.
Indian Cricket had its origin in Bombay.
C.K. Naidu was an Outstanding Batsman of his Times.
The Parsis founded the First Indian Cricket Club in 1848.
Modern Cricket is Dominated by Test And One-Day
Internationals.
India Entered the World of Tests Cricket in 1932.
Television Coverage changed Cricket.
Chepauk Stadium Situated in Chennai and Feroz Shah Kotla
in Delhi.
Objectives
To enable the students to
know the Origin and
Development of Cricket.
To know the Rules and
Regulations of Cricket
To enrich the vocabulary of
the students.
To enable the students to
make sentences of their own.
Sport is an integral part of a
healthy life-style; it is a way
in which we amuse
ourselves, compete with each
other, and stay fit.
Cricket Equipment
As cricket is a game of bat and ball, the players are
subjected to wear protective gear from not getting hurt.
In this chapter, we will discuss about all the important
gear and equipment that the players use while playing
the game.
Bat – Bat is a nicely carved equipment made out of
special wood, with a handle on top to hold and play.
These vary in weight and size with age and
requirement of the batsman.
Ball – It is spherical object made out of cork and
covered with leather. Two pieces of leather are stitched
around the cork ball. The color of the ball for test
matches is red and white for ODI and T20 matches.
Keeper Glove – These are worn on both hands to
protect the fingers from injury. Cloth and leather are
stitched together in the shape of fingers and palm to fit
exactly. The inner-side of the glove has finger gaps
with cork tips for more protection.
Helmet – A head gear for the batsman/keeper while
batting or wicket-keeping behind the stumps. It is a
mix of metal and hard plastic. It has a metallic grill in
the front to protect the face.
Stumps – These are cylindrical and long in shape with
shard end like spear. This end goes into the ground so
that stumps stand erect in the ground.
The Cricket Pitch
The pitch is a rectangular area of ground 20.12m in length,
measured from bowling crease and 3.66m in width. This is where
the batting and bowling take place. Two batsmen, one on either
end of the pitch, stand behind the batting crease. The batsman
facing the bowler will be ready to play a shot, as the bowler delivers
the ball. The batsman at the none striker’s end, will be ready to run
if the opportunity arises.
Equipment used in the game of cricket
Cricket ball- Hard cork and string ball, covered with leather. The
circumference is approximately 23cm, and the ball weighs
approximately 156g. The ball is normally red, but white balls are
also used for visibility in games played at night under artificial
lighting Cricket bat- Blade made of willow, attached to a sturdy
cane handle. The blade has a width of 10.8 cm and an overall height
of 96.5cmWickets- There are two wickets, wooden structures, made
up of a set of three stumps topped by a pair of bails. Protective
gear- Pads, gloves, helmet, box, arm guard. Shoes- Usually leather,
with spiked soles for grip on the grass. Clothing-Long pants , For
games played with a red ball, the clothing must be white or cream.
With a white ball, players usually wear uniforms in solid team
colors.
BATTING
Batting involves using the bat to score runs or defend the wicket. The
skill of batting requires a keen eye, good shot selection, quick foot
movement and a cool relax approach. The batsman, while batting
uses his bat to protect the wicket and also to score runs. Batting can
be broken down into different parts The grip, the stance and back lift,
take place before the ball is bowled, as well as the actual shot or
stroke and finally the follow through. You should always try to
maintain your balance while batting. Being balanced assists in the
control of a shot.
Ten ways a batsman can get dismissed during a cricket match
Bowled- When a bowler bowls a legal delivery and it huts the wicket
removing the bails.
Caught- When the batsman hits the ball with his bat or gloves and
the fielder catches the ball before it falls to the ground.
Leg before wicket- If the ball pitches in line with the stumps or just
out side of the line to the off stump and appears to be heading for
the stumps but is blocked by the batsman with some part of his body,
not his bat.
Stumped- If a batsman misses the ball and is outside of his crease as
the wicket keeper collects the ball and uses it to remove the bails
Run out- If a fielder knocks down the batsman’s wicket using the ball
while the batsman id attempting a run and is out of his crease.
BOWLING
The bowler is the main person from the fielding side who tries to
get the batsman out. Bowlers have six legal delivers in every over
bowled, to try to get a wicket. While the ball is new, it is better
suited for fast bowling. When the ball has been in use for
sometime, it may be better suited for spin bowling. The bowling
side would normally take special care of the ball, by shining it in
an effort to keep it looking new for a long time. They also shine
one side of the ball while leaving the other to get rough because
this helps the swing bowlers to swing the ball.
There are three main categories of bowlers
• The spin bowler
• The medium pace bowler
• The fast bowler.
The Spinner
The spin bowler would normally bowl either off spin (off break) or
leg spin (leg break). The speed at which the spinner bowls is
between 70 km/h and 90km/h. Spin bowling is also considered
slow bowling.
The Fast and Medium Pace Bowler.
The medium pace bowler’s speed of delivery averages
between 100 and 130km/h, while the fast bowler’s speed
averages between 130 and 140km/h. The speed of their
deliveries is the main difference between medium and
fast bowling. Both medium and fast bowlers use similar
deliveries in their attempt to take wickets.
These include :
The in swinger, Out swinger, Off cutter , Leg cutter
UMPIRE’S SIGNALS
Cricket-Formats
Test Cricket
Test cricket is considered the format of highest level as it
required both mental and physical strength to excel. All players
wear white tees and trousers for this format. A red cricket ball
is used to play. The earliest format of test cricket was played
for six days with a day as reserve. The field restrictions are
quite different compared to limited overs cricket.
One-Day International
One-day international (ODI) is a limited over format of cricket.
It was introduced in 1980s and 60 over a side were bowled.
The dress code was same to that of test cricket. Over the years,
this format also went through drastic changes in rules and it
was reduced to 50 over a side and colored uniform. The red-
ball was replaced with white-ball.
T20 International
T20 is the latest and the most successful format of cricket. It
has attracted lot of spectators to the ground and witness the
match. Cricket became a widespread game in this format and
new countries like United States, Malaysia, Canada, and
Netherlands adapted to it swiftly. It originated in Caribbean
islands, West Indies. Each team gets to play 20-over a side.
Since it is the shortest format of the game, it is played under
flood lights.
