• Learning Goal:
– Identify the causes of the Protestant
Reformation
– Explain how Martin Luther impacted the
Reformation
• Do Now:
– What was the role of the Roman Catholic
Church during the Middle Ages?
• HW:
– None
● Abuses of the Church
○ Increasingly involved with
political affairs
○ Popes’ lavish lifestyle
○ Increase in fees for
baptisms and marriages
○ Encouraged the sale of
indulgences
✞The [REFORM]ation was an attempt to
REFORM the Catholic Church
✞Wanted to get rid of the corruption
and restore the people’s faith in the
church
✞Stressed Bible study and rejected the
pomp and ceremony of the Church
✞Martin Luther
✞John Calvin
✞Henry VIII
✞Lived from 1483-1546 in
Germany
✞Father encouraged him to
study law
✞A sudden religious
experience inspired him to
become a monk
✞He became troubled over the
possibility of not going to heaven
✞He turned to the Bible, and
confession for comfort
✞Upset at the actions of Johann
Tetzel selling salvation
✞A list of things he thought were
wrong with the Catholic Church
(95 Complaints)
✞He criticized:
✞The Power of the Pope
✞The Extreme Wealth of the
Church
✞Indulgences (Catholic
concept of Salvation)
I have cast the die. . . . I will not reconcile
myself to them [the Roman Catholic
Church] for all eternity. . . . Let them
condemn and burn all that belongs to me; in
return I will do as much for them. . . . Now
I no longer fear, and I am publishing a book
in the German tongue about Christian
reform, directed against the pope, in
language as violent as if I were addressing
the Antichrist.
—Martin Luther, 1520
• Learning Goal:
– Explain how Martin Luther impacted the
Reformation
• Do Now:
– What caused the Protestant Reformation?
• HW:
– Quiz Friday on Renaissance and Reformation
✞Pope Leo X excommunicates Luther
✞Charles V ordered him to give up his
ideas
Made Luther an outlaw
Seen as a hero to many in Germany
✞The reformers came to be known as
[PROTEST]ants - Protestants
✞Main Teachings of Luther
“priesthood of all believers”
Banned indulgences, confession,
pilgrimages, and prayers to saints
Allowed clergy to marry
✞Started in Switzerland – Calvinists
✞England = Puritans
✞Scotland = Presbyterians
✞Holland = Dutch Reform
✞France = Huguenots
✞Germany = Reform Church
Presbyterian
Puritan Hugeunots
