CHAPTER # 6
FISHING INDUSTRY
• The fisheries sector in Pakistan makes a significant
contribution to the national economy, contributing about
one percent to GDP. It is the most important economic activity
in the coastal area of Pakistan.
• Pakistan earns 6% of its total foreign exchange by exporting fish, shrimps and fish
products.
• The total employees are 395,000 in 2003-04 out which 125,000 are engaged in
marine fishing and 270,000 in inland fishing.
• The fishing communities started breeding fish this process is called aquaculture in
Pakistan.
• There are many fish farms inland using man made rectangular ponds as well as
using protected areas in rivers and lakes.
• Whereas marine fishing includes modern developments in the processing and
exporting of the catch.
FISHING AREAS AND METHODS
1. MARINE FISHING
. Marine fisheries in Pakistan is being carried out on two distinct
grounds i.e. coastline covering 70%Mekran (Balochistan) as well
as the 30% coast of Karachi (Sindh). Sindh and Balochistan coasts
comprise of many widely dispersed, small landing places utilized by
small craft equipped with sails and/or outboard engines.
. In sindh karachi is the main fishing centre and on Makran coast have
Gawadar as the main fishing Port on this coast.
. Ormara and Pasni required a lot of improvement.
. Sharks, Croaker, Skates, Drums, Cat fish etc are types of marine
fishing.
a. Subsistence Fishing It is used on small scale with old techniques
like net,wooden small boat etc.
b. In-commercial Fishing It is sold in market and used commercially
as sole source for their income. Karachi and Gawadar are nearly
FACTORS OF DEVELOPMENT IN SINDH COAST
. Numerous creeks
. Wider continental shelf
. Rich in fish food
. Export and processing facilities
. Preservation and storage
. Infrastructure facilities
. Training facilities
2. INLAND FISHING
. It is used in lakes and rivers in the country.
. Irrigation channels are utilised for fish farming.
. It spread throughout Punjab, Sindh and a few areas of Kpk.
. Manaseer, Palla, Rahu, Trout are types of inland fishing.
USES OF FISH
. Some seafoods (i.e. kelp) are used as food for other plants (a
fertilizer). In these ways, seafoods are used to produce further food for
human consumption. Also, products such as fish oil and spirulina tablets are
extracted from seafoods. Some seafood is fed to aquarium fish, or used to
feed domestic pets such as cats.
FISH FARMS
. Fish farming or pisciculture involves commercial breeding of fish,
usually for food, in fish tanks or artificial enclosures such as fish ponds. It is a
particular type of aquaculture, which is the controlled cultivation and
harvesting of aquatic animals such as fish, crustaceans, molluscs and so on,
in natural or pseudo-natural environment.
MAIN FISHING CENTRES
. Manchar lake in Dadu district
. Kairi (Keenjhar) lake north of thatta
. Haleji lake west of thatta
. Reservoirs of mangla and tarvela dam
GOVERNMENT EFFORT TO DEVELOP FISHERIES
• New fishing methods
• Development of values-added products such as canned and frozen fish
• Guidance and weather information
• Modern techniques like Monitoring of deep sea fishing
• Quality control laboratories
• Head by MFD ( Marine fisheries department)
PROBLEMS OF FISHING
. Water Pollution
. Over fishing
. Threat to Mangroves
. Lack of financial resources
• Illegal fishing
SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES
. Increase food production
. Not allow foreign deep sea trawlers for overfishing
. Laws for banning illegal nets
. Maintaining ecology by saving mangrove forest
DEVELOPMENT
. Vitamin D
. Employment opportunities
. Foreign exchange earnings
. Training and modern techniques
. Development of industries
. Improvement in infrastructure facilities
