How Does Commander Damage Work in EDH?

Last updated on March 7, 2025

Commander's Authority | Illustration by Johannes Voss

One of Commander’s unique rules is the default starting life total. While most players are used to dropping their opponent's life from 20 to zero, Commander games start you off at 40 life. Doubling your starting life total doesn't seem too bad, but there's another caveat: commander damage.

One of the inherent properties of a commander is that when it deals combat damage, it's unique. Its damage is tracked, and it spells game over for an unlucky opponent if you hit a certain number.

But what is commander damage? How does it work? Let’s dive right in and find out!

Is Commander Damage Still a Thing?

Collateral Damage | Illustration by Ryan Barger

It sure is! Commander damage is one of the cornerstones of the format for the community outside of the competitive scene. It's been in place since the format’s beginning and I wouldn't expect it to go anywhere anytime soon.

How Does Commander Damage Work?

Commander damage is a pretty simple rule. When your commander hits a player for combat damage (i.e., only during combat when the commander is attacking and is unblocked), note how much damage that player has taken from your commander. If a player has been dealt 21 or more combat damage over the course of the game, they lose.

I cover a bunch of specific questions, so keep reading!

Can Commander Damage be Non-combat Damage?

Commander damage must be combat damage. So even if your commander enters the battlefield while you control Warstorm Surge, that damage will not be commander damage.

How Much Commander Damage Is Lethal?

21 is the lucky number, just like blackjack. This was originally because commanders could only be elder dragons from the Legends MTG set, which were all 7/7s. Basically, you probably lost the game already anyway if you managed to get smacked by an elder dragon like Piru, the Volatile, Palladia-Mors or Vaevictis Asmadi three times. And so it became a rule.

Is Commander Damage Player Specific?

Yes, a single player should track separate damage from individual commanders. And commander damage is tracked across zones. For example: you steal Johnny's commander Isamaru, Hound of Konda and deal combat damage to Jenny, Johnny can regain control of Isamaru and continue to add to the same damage dealt to Jenny.

Is There Commander Damage in 1v1?

Commander damage still exists in 1v1 Commander and follows the same rules. There are some variations of EDH rules, like Archon Commander and Brawl, that don't follow the commander damage rule.

Why Does the Commander Damage Rule Exist?

Squad Commander | Illustration by Ekaterina Burmak

Like I said, commander damage originated from the elder dragon highlander rules where your commander could only be one of the elder dragons from Legends. As the format evolved and shifted, the rule became a mainstay feature to add an alternate win condition.

The rule works well because it means games always have some form of “clock” or endgame plan. If your opponent gained infinite life, that's super cool, but they could still be a few combat steps away from getting slapped out of the game. It also incentivizes players to build combat-focused commander decks since reaching 21 damage is much more reasonable than 40 and guarantees a kill regardless of lifegain.

Is Commander Damage “Normal” Damage Too?

Yes, commander damage contributes to the regular life counter as well as the commander damage counter. Treat commander damage the same as other damage except that you need to keep track of each individual commander's damage dealt to each player.

Can You Die to Your Own Commander Damage?

Betrayed! You sure can die to your own commander. The specific rule for commander damage doesn't specify that an opponent's commander had to deal the damage, just that a specific commander needs to deal damage. If you somehow take 21 or more damage from your own commander, you are eliminated.

Can Commander Damage Be Prevented By Effects That Prevent All Damage?

Yes, effects that prevent damage can prevent combat damage that would become commander damage.

Is There a Way to Heal Commander Damage?

There’s currently no way to reset or “heal” commander damage in the game. There's really only one way to get rid of commander damage, and that's by resetting the game with Karn Liberated. Once you've taken commander damage, regardless of how many times that commander was sent back to the command zone, the damage stays until the game ends.

Can You Proliferate Commander Damage? Is it a Counter?

Commander damage isn't a counter like poison, infect, or experience counters. It's just a tracked number (sort of like storm count) and can't be proliferated outside of combat damage.

Do Partner Commanders Share Commander Damage?

Partner commanders do not share damage. They each deal their own damage and are calculated differently just like their separate commander taxes.

Can A Creature With Double Strike Deal Commander Damage In Both Combat Damage Steps?

Yes, double strike is one of the best ways to deal commander damage. A commander with 11 or more power and double strike threatens to K.O. a player with one attack. An important note, if a player is eliminated after first strike damage, then that player's cards leave the game as well before the regular damage step.

Does Life Loss (Like Xantcha or Yuriko) Count as Commander Damage?

Nope, life loss does not count as commander damage. Xantcha, Sleeper Agent and Yuriko, the Tiger’s Shadow’s abilities don't involve combat damage, so they don't have anything to do with commander damage. While combat damage is still loss of life, regular damage and combat damage aren’t the same thing.

Is Infect Commander Damage?

Commander's Insight | Illustration by Mike Jordana

Generally, yes, a commander with infect deals combat damage that counts as commander damage. Just because that damage becomes poison counters and they don't lose life, the damage was still dealt.

User peteroupc on Reddit worded it perfectly here:

Do Face-down Commanders Still Deal Commander Damage?

Yes, commanders deal commander damage even if they are turned face-down. An effect like Become Anonymous is less impactful on a commander because you must make it clear which card is your commander (even if it is face-down). There are still potential benefits to have your commander face-down, check out: Roshan, Hidden Magister, Ixidor, Reality Sculptor, and Kozilek, the Broken Reality.

What About Abilities Like Vial Smasher or Niv-Mizzet, Parun?

Just like with Xantcha and Yuriko, Vial Smasher the Fierce and Niv-Mizzet, Parun also don’t count as commander damage. Their abilities don’t deal combat damage, just regular damage.

What About Damage Doublers Like Furnace of Rath or Redirects Like Saskia?

Cards that double the damage dealt do in fact double the commander damage dealt, meaning you can easily take out an opponent in one go if you've got a big enough commander on the field. This means that Furnace of Rath can quickly apply pressure to your opponent.

Our dear Viking warrior Saskia the Unyielding is a little different, though. Saskia's second ability is unfortunately not considered combat damage and doesn’t double commander damage on a player.

Do Copies like Mimeoplasm Count for Commander Damage?

Because of the properties that a commander possesses, only the original commander has the properties of a commander (rule 903.3). This means that copies of your commander don't deal commander damage.

If your commander becomes a copy of something else with something like The Mimeoplasm, though, they still retain the properties of being your commander. This means that they’ll still deal combat damage to opponents that counts toward commander damage.

What’s the Best Way to Track Commander Damage?

Siege-Gang Commander | Illustration by Aaron Miller

There are a few popular ways to track commander damage. Here are a few of my favorite life counting methods.

Dice

These are the easiest. You'll probably already have a few d20s on hand or a bunch of d6s if you're desperate. I personally use dice the most frequently, but my playgroup rarely involves commander damage.

Apps

Using a life counter app is the second easiest way to track commander damage. There are plenty of options out there on iOS and Android that you can use to track not only life totals but commander damage as well.

I mostly use Carbon, which you can grab for Android or iOS. Another option on iOS and Android is The Command Zone's Lifelinker app.

Paper

A pen and piece of paper is my number three choice, and this includes e-ink notepads like the Boogie Board or writing on your smartphone with a stylus. This isn't as common, but some players prefer it.

Where Can You See Commander Damage on MTGO and MTGA?

Risona, Asari Commander | Illustration by Kato Ayaka

On MTGO, if you’re in a Commander or Commander 1v1 game, you can click the shield icon under your avatar to see commander damage.

When it comes to Arena, there's no way to view commander damage because Commander isn't implemented in the platform (and probably never will be). Brawl is the “replacement” format in Arena and the commander damage rule doesn't exist in Historic or Standard Brawl.

Wrap Up

Spawn-Gang Commander | Illustration by Chris Seaman

I didn't care much about the commander damage rule when I started back in 2011. And even now, more than a dozen years later, I still kinda don't.

It's important to add another layer to the gameplay because of how hectic multiplayer games can be. Commander damage adds a way to eliminate a player when lifegain can get extremely out of hand in longer games.

The rule really only matters based on your local metagame. My friends and I almost never play commander combat-centric decks. We might have played one or two in the past, but most of us play with different strategies.

Ask anyone that runs a voltron commander — commander damage is an important part of the format’s rules. It’s simple on paper and doesn't get much more complicated than that. When a commander deals combat damage to a player, track it. When you hit 21 or more total damage throughout the game, the damaged player loses.

What are your thoughts on the commander damage rule? Do you think the rule should be changed, or gotten rid of entirely? Let me know in the comments, or reach out on Draftsim's Discord or Twitter.

That's all for me. I've got some Elite Dangerous to play now. Stay safe, have fun, and keep your combos ready!