許
See also: 许
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Translingual
Han character
許 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜口人十 (YROJ), four-corner 08640, composition ⿰訁午)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1151, character 14
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35298
- Dae Jaweon: page 1618, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3946, character 9
- Unihan data for U+8A31
Chinese
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hŋaʔ) : semantic 言 (“speech; words”) + phonetic 午 (OC *ŋaːʔ).
Etymology 1
| trad. | 許 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 许 | |
- “place”
- Related to 所 (OC *s-qʰ<r>aʔ, “place; that which”), 處 (OC *t.qʰaʔ, “to be at”), 處 (OC *t.qʰaʔ-s, “place”) (Baxter and Sagart, 2014).
- “Xu (state; surname)”
- Originally written as 鄦 (OC *hmaʔ), 𱢬 (among others) in pre-Qin texts. By the Han dynasty, it was homophonic with and written as 許, originally meaning “to allow; to promise”, due to voiceless nasals losing nasality, turning into x- (Zhang, 2022b).
Pronunciation
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Definitions
- to allow; to permit
- to promise
- to betroth
- to praise
- maybe; perhaps
- (literary) approximately
- so; such
- (literary) place
- 先生不知何許人也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: c. 4th century, Tao Yuanming, Life of the 'Master of Five Willows' (《五柳先生傳》)
- Xiānshēng bùzhī héxǔrén yě. [Pinyin]
- It is unknown where "The Master" hails from.
先生不知何许人也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- a surname
- 許慎／许慎 ― Xǔ Shèn ― Xu Shen (author of Shuowen Jiezi)
Compounds
- 不許／不许 (bùxǔ)
- 丹誠相許／丹诚相许
- 也許／也许 (yěxǔ)
- 些許／些许 (xiēxǔ)
- 介許多／介许多
- 以身相許／以身相许 (yǐshēnxiāngxǔ)
- 以身許國／以身许国
- 何許／何许 (héxǔ)
- 何許人／何许人 (héxǔrén)
- 倒許／倒许
- 允許／允许
- 公許碼頭／公许码头
- 准許 (zhǔnxǔ)
- 口許／口许
- 嘉許／嘉许 (jiāxǔ)
- 如許／如许
- 孤高自許／孤高自许
- 容許／容许 (róngxǔ)
- 寧許／宁许
- 封官許願／封官许愿
- 少許／少许 (shǎoxǔ)
- 幾許／几许 (jǐxǔ)
- 心許／心许
- 應許／应许 (yīngxǔ)
- 或許／或许 (huòxǔ)
- 推許／推许
- 期許／期许 (qīxǔ)
- 滿應滿許／满应满许
- 片許／片许
- 特許／特许 (tèxǔ)
- 特許行業／特许行业
- 特許費／特许费
- 目成心許／目成心许
- 稍許／稍许 (shāoxǔ)
- 稱許／称许 (chēngxǔ)
- 肯許／肯许
- 自我期許／自我期许
- 自許／自许 (zìxǔ)
- 興許／兴许 (xīngxǔ)
- 許久／许久 (xǔjiǔ)
- 許事／许事
- 許可／许可 (xǔkě)
- 許可證／许可证 (xǔkězhèng)
- 許多／许多 (xǔduō)
- 許大／许大
- 許婚／许婚 (xǔhūn)
- 許嫁／许嫁 (xǔjià)
- 許字／许字
- 許宣／许宣
- 許家沖／许家冲 (Xǔjiāchōng)
- 許愿 (xǔyuàn)
- 許昌／许昌 (Xǔchāng, “Xuchang”)
- 許由棄瓢／许由弃瓢
- 許由洗耳／许由洗耳
- 許許／许许
- 許許多多／许许多多 (xǔxǔduōduō)
- 許諾／许诺 (xǔnuò)
- 許身／许身
- 許配／许配 (xǔpèi)
- 許願／许愿 (xǔyuàn)
- 讚許／赞许 (zànxǔ)
- 邪許／邪许
- 默許／默许 (mòxǔ)
Descendants
- → English: Hsu, Hsü, Hui, Koh, Sheu, Syu, Xu
- → Tagalog: Co, Ko (via Hokkien)
- → Vietnamese: hứa (“to promise”)
Etymology 2
| trad. | 許 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 许 | |
Zheng (2017) suggested from 爾 (OC *njelʔ, “that”). Compare 耳 (OC *njɯʔ, “ear”) > Min Nan hī.
Pronunciation
- Gan (Wiktionary): he3
- Eastern Min (BUC): hṳ̄ / hī
- Southern Min
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: he3
- Sinological IPA (key): /he²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hṳ̄ / hī
- Sinological IPA (key): /hy³³/, /hi³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Longyan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hí
- Tâi-lô: hí
- Phofsit Daibuun: hie
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hi⁵³/
- IPA (Longyan): /hi²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hír
- Tâi-lô: hír
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hɯ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: he2 / hu2 / hi2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hṳ́ / hú / hí
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɯ⁵²/, /hu⁵²/, /hi⁵²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Longyan)
Note:
- hu2 - Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai;
- hi2 - Lufeng, Haifeng.
Definitions
Synonyms
Japanese
Kanji
許
Readings
Compounds
Compounds
- お手許 (otemoto), 御手許 (otemoto)
- 不許 (fukyo, “not permitting”)
Noun
| For pronunciation and definitions of 許 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 許, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Korean
Hanja
許 (eumhun 허락할 허 (heorakhal heo))
Compounds
- 허락 (許諾, heorak, “consent; permission”)
Vietnamese
Han character
許: Hán Nôm readings: hứa, hớ, hở, hử, hữ, ngỏ
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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