abolir

Asturian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin abolēre.

Verb

abolir (first-person singular indicative present abolo, past participle abolíu)

1. abolish (to end a law)

Conjugation

Conjugation of abolir

infinitive		abolir
gerundive		aboliendo
participle		m abolíu, f abolida, n abolío, m pl abolíos, f pl abolíes
person		first singular yo	second singular tu	third singular él/elli	first plural nosotros/nós	second plural vosotros/vós	third plural ellos
indicative	present	abolo	aboles	abole	abolimos	abolís	abolen
	preterite imperfect	abolía	abolíes	abolía	abolíemos/abolíamos	abolíeis/abolíais	abolíen
	preterite indefinite	abolí	aboliesti/abolisti	abolió	aboliemos/abolimos	aboliestis/abolistis	abolieron
	pluperfect	aboliere/aboliera	abolieres/abolieras	aboliere/aboliera	aboliéremos/aboliéramos	aboliereis/abolierais	abolieren/abolieran
subjunctive	present	abola	abolas	abola	abolamos	aboláis	abolan
	preterite imperfect	aboliere/aboliera	abolieres/abolieras	aboliere/aboliera	aboliéremos/aboliéramos	aboliereis/abolierais	abolieren/abolieran
potential	future	aboliré	abolirás	abolirá	aboliremos	aboliréis	abolirán
	conditional	aboliría	aboliríes	aboliría	aboliríemos/aboliríamos	aboliríeis/aboliríais	aboliríen
imperative			aboli			abolíi

Related terms

• abolición

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin abolēre, with normal change of conjugation to -ir.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [ə.βuˈli]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [ə.buˈli]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [a.boˈliɾ]
• Rhymes: -i(ɾ)

Verb

abolir (first-person singular present aboleixo, first-person singular preterite abolí, past participle abolit)

1. to abolish

Conjugation

    Conjugation of abolir (third conjugation, with -eix-)

infinitive			abolir
gerund			abolint
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		abolit		abolida
		plural		abolits		abolides
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	aboleixo	aboleixes	aboleix	abolim	aboliu	aboleixen
	imperfect	abolia	abolies	abolia	abolíem	abolíeu	abolien
	future	aboliré	aboliràs	abolirà	abolirem	abolireu	aboliran
	preterite	abolí	abolires	abolí	abolírem	abolíreu	aboliren
	conditional	aboliria	aboliries	aboliria	aboliríem	aboliríeu	abolirien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	aboleixi	aboleixis	aboleixi	abolim	aboliu	aboleixin
	imperfect	abolís	abolissis	abolís	abolíssim	abolíssiu	abolissin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	aboleix	aboleixi	abolim	aboliu	aboleixin
	negative (no)	—	no aboleixis	no aboleixi	no abolim	no aboliu	no aboleixin

Related terms

• abolició

Further reading

• “abolir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “abolir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “abolir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “abolir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin abolēre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.bɔ.liʁ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

abolir

1. (transitive) to abolish
   • 1856, “Mémoire sur l'île de Chio présenté par M. Fustel de Coulanges, membre de l'École française d'Athènes”, in Archives des missions scientifiques et littéraires‎^[1], volume 5, Paris, page 624:

     Plus tard, la démogérontie fit un marché avec le gouvernement, et, moyennant un droit fixe et annuel, elle fit abolir à la fois le monopole et l’impôt, et obtint que le commerce fût libre.

     Later, the Demogeronty made a deal with the government, and, by means of a fixed annual fee, it abolished both the monopoly and the tax, and obtained free trade.

Usage notes

• A distinction is drawn in legal usage between abolir and abroger, with the latter requiring a formal action, and is used (for example) of laws, whereas abolition is an incidental effect of other actions, or is not performed by a legislative body.

Conjugation

This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

Conjugation of abolir (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	abolir
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	abolissant /a.bɔ.li.sɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		aboli /a.bɔ.li/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	abolis /a.bɔ.li/	abolis /a.bɔ.li/	abolit /a.bɔ.li/	abolissons /a.bɔ.li.sɔ̃/	abolissez /a.bɔ.li.se/	abolissent /a.bɔ.lis/
	imperfect	abolissais /a.bɔ.li.sɛ/	abolissais /a.bɔ.li.sɛ/	abolissait /a.bɔ.li.sɛ/	abolissions /a.bɔ.li.sjɔ̃/	abolissiez /a.bɔ.li.sje/	abolissaient /a.bɔ.li.sɛ/
	past historic2	abolis /a.bɔ.li/	abolis /a.bɔ.li/	abolit /a.bɔ.li/	abolîmes /a.bɔ.lim/	abolîtes /a.bɔ.lit/	abolirent /a.bɔ.liʁ/
	future	abolirai /a.bɔ.li.ʁe/	aboliras /a.bɔ.li.ʁa/	abolira /a.bɔ.li.ʁa/	abolirons /a.bɔ.li.ʁɔ̃/	abolirez /a.bɔ.li.ʁe/	aboliront /a.bɔ.li.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	abolirais /a.bɔ.li.ʁɛ/	abolirais /a.bɔ.li.ʁɛ/	abolirait /a.bɔ.li.ʁɛ/	abolirions /a.bɔ.li.ʁjɔ̃/	aboliriez /a.bɔ.li.ʁje/	aboliraient /a.bɔ.li.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	abolisse /a.bɔ.lis/	abolisses /a.bɔ.lis/	abolisse /a.bɔ.lis/	abolissions /a.bɔ.li.sjɔ̃/	abolissiez /a.bɔ.li.sje/	abolissent /a.bɔ.lis/
	imperfect2	abolisse /a.bɔ.lis/	abolisses /a.bɔ.lis/	abolît /a.bɔ.li/	abolissions /a.bɔ.li.sjɔ̃/	abolissiez /a.bɔ.li.sje/	abolissent /a.bɔ.lis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	abolis /a.bɔ.li/	—	abolissons /a.bɔ.li.sɔ̃/	abolissez /a.bɔ.li.se/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• abolitif
• abolition

References

• “abolir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Galician

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin abolēre.

Verb

abolir (no stressed present indicative or subjunctive, first-person singular preterite abolín, past participle abolido)
abolir (first-person singular present abulo, third-person singular present abole, first-person singular preterite abolim or aboli, past participle abolido, reintegrationist norm)

1. (transitive) to abolish

Conjugation

    Conjugation of abolir (defective)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	abolir
Personal	abolir	abolires	abolir	abolirmos	abolirdes	aboliren
Gerund
	abolindo
Past participle
Masculine	abolido			abolidos
Feminine	abolida			abolidas
Indicative
Present	—	—	—	abolimos	abolides	—
Imperfect	abolía	abolías	abolía	aboliamos	aboliades	abolían
Preterite	abolín	aboliches	aboliu	abolimos	abolistes	aboliron
Pluperfect	abolira	aboliras	abolira	aboliramos	abolirades	aboliran
Future	abolirei	abolirás	abolirá	aboliremos	aboliredes	abolirán
Conditional	aboliría	abolirías	aboliría	aboliriamos	aboliriades	abolirían
Subjunctive
Present	—	—	—	—	—	—
Imperfect	abolise	abolises	abolise	abolísemos	abolísedes	abolisen
Future	abolir	abolires	abolir	abolirmos	abolirdes	aboliren
Imperative
Affirmative		—	—	—	abolide	—
Negative (non)		—	—	—	—	—

    Reintegrated conjugation of abolir (u-o alternation in present singular) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	abolir
Personal	abolir	abolires	abolir	abolirmos	abolirdes	abolirem
Gerund
	abolindo
Past participle
Masculine	abolido			abolidos
Feminine	abolida			abolidas
Indicative
Present	abulo	aboles	abole	abolimos	abolides, abolis	abolem
Imperfect	abolia	abolias	abolia	abolíamos	abolíades, abolíeis, abolíais1	aboliam
Preterite	abolim, aboli	aboliste, aboliche1	aboliu	abolimos	abolistes	abolírom, aboliram
Pluperfect	abolira	aboliras	abolira	abolíramos	abolírades, abolíreis, abolírais1	aboliram
Future	abolirei	abolirás	abolirá	aboliremos	aboliredes, abolireis	abolirám, abolirão
Conditional	aboliria	abolirias	aboliria	aboliríamos	aboliríades, aboliríeis, aboliríais1	aboliriam
Subjunctive
Present	abula	abulas	abula	abulamos	abulades, abulais	abulam
Imperfect	abolisse	abolisses	abolisse	abolíssemos	abolíssedes, abolísseis	abolissem
Future	abolir	abolires	abolir	abolirmos	abolirdes	abolirem
Imperative
Affirmative		abole	abula	abulamos	abolide, aboli	abulam
Negative (nom)		nom abulas	nom abula	nom abulamos	nom abulades, nom abulais	nom abulam

¹Less recommended.

Related terms

• abolición

Further reading

• “abolir”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
• “abolir” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).

Interlingua

Verb

abolir

1. to abolish

Conjugation

    Conjugation of abolir

infinitive		abolir
participle		present	perfect
		aboliente	abolite
active		simple	perfect
	present	aboli	ha abolite
	past	aboliva	habeva abolite
	future	abolira	habera abolite
	conditional	abolirea	haberea abolite
	imperative	aboli
passive		simple	perfect
	present	es abolite	ha essite abolite
	past	esseva abolite	habeva essite abolite
	future	essera abolite	habera essite abolite
	conditional	esserea abolite	haberea essite abolite
	imperative	sia abolite

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin abolēre (“destroy, abolish”), with change of conjugation.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.boˈli(ʁ)/ [a.boˈli(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.boˈli(ʁ)/ [a.boˈli(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /a.boˈli(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /a.boˈli(ʁ)/ [a.boˈli(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.boˈli(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.buˈliɾ/ [ɐ.βuˈliɾ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.buˈliɾ/ [ɐ.βuˈliɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.buˈli.ɾi/ [ɐ.βuˈli.ɾi]

• Audio (Brazil):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: a‧bo‧lir

Verb

abolir (first-person singular present (Portugal only; missing in Brazil) abulo, third-person singular present abole, first-person singular preterite aboli, past participle abolido)

1. (transitive) to abolish

Conjugation

    Conjugation of abolir (u-o alternation in present singular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	abolir
Personal	abolir	abolires	abolir	abolirmos	abolirdes	abolirem
Gerund
	abolindo
Past participle
Masculine	abolido			abolidos
Feminine	abolida			abolidas
Indicative
Present	abulo1	aboles	abole	abolimos	abolis	abolem
Imperfect	abolia	abolias	abolia	abolíamos	abolíeis	aboliam
Preterite	aboli	aboliste	aboliu	abolimos	abolistes	aboliram
Pluperfect	abolira	aboliras	abolira	abolíramos	abolíreis	aboliram
Future	abolirei	abolirás	abolirá	aboliremos	abolireis	abolirão
Conditional	aboliria	abolirias	aboliria	aboliríamos	aboliríeis	aboliriam
Subjunctive
Present	abula1	abulas1	abula1	abulamos1	abulais1	abulam1
Imperfect	abolisse	abolisses	abolisse	abolíssemos	abolísseis	abolissem
Future	abolir	abolires	abolir	abolirmos	abolirdes	abolirem
Imperative
Affirmative		abole	abula1	abulamos1	aboli	abulam1
Negative (não)		não abulas1	não abula1	não abulamos1	não abulais1	não abulam1

¹Portugal only; missing in Brazil.

Related terms

• abolição
• abolitivo

 

Further reading

• “abolir”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
• “abolir”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin abolēre. First attested in 1500.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aboˈliɾ/ [a.β̞oˈliɾ]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iɾ
• Syllabification: a‧bo‧lir

Verb

abolir (first-person singular present abolo, first-person singular preterite abolí, past participle abolido)

1. (transitive) to abolish
2. (transitive) to revoke

   Synonym: revocar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of abolir (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			abolir
gerund			aboliendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		abolido		abolida
		plural		abolidos		abolidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	abolo	abolestú abolísvos	abole	abolimos	abolís	abolen
	imperfect	abolía	abolías	abolía	abolíamos	abolíais	abolían
	preterite	abolí	aboliste	abolió	abolimos	abolisteis	abolieron
	future	aboliré	abolirás	abolirá	aboliremos	aboliréis	abolirán
	conditional	aboliría	abolirías	aboliría	aboliríamos	aboliríais	abolirían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	abola	abolastú abolásvos2	abola	abolamos	aboláis	abolan
	imperfect (ra)	aboliera	abolieras	aboliera	aboliéramos	abolierais	abolieran
	imperfect (se)	aboliese	abolieses	aboliese	aboliésemos	abolieseis	aboliesen
	future1	aboliere	abolieres	aboliere	aboliéremos	aboliereis	abolieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		aboletú abolívos	abola	abolamos	abolid	abolan
	negative		no abolas	no abola	no abolamos	no aboláis	no abolan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of abolir

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive abolir
	dative	abolirme	abolirte	abolirle, abolirse	abolirnos	aboliros	abolirles, abolirse
	accusative	abolirme	abolirte	abolirlo, abolirla, abolirse	abolirnos	aboliros	abolirlos, abolirlas, abolirse
with gerund aboliendo
	dative	aboliéndome	aboliéndote	aboliéndole, aboliéndose	aboliéndonos	aboliéndoos	aboliéndoles, aboliéndose
	accusative	aboliéndome	aboliéndote	aboliéndolo, aboliéndola, aboliéndose	aboliéndonos	aboliéndoos	aboliéndolos, aboliéndolas, aboliéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative abole
	dative	abóleme	abólete	abólele	abólenos	not used	abóleles
	accusative	abóleme	abólete	abólelo, abólela	abólenos	not used	abólelos, abólelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative abolí
	dative	abolime	abolite	abolile	abolinos	not used	aboliles
	accusative	abolime	abolite	abolilo, abolila	abolinos	not used	abolilos, abolilas
with formal second-person singular imperative abola
	dative	abólame	not used	abólale, abólase	abólanos	not used	abólales
	accusative	abólame	not used	abólalo, abólala, abólase	abólanos	not used	abólalos, abólalas
with first-person plural imperative abolamos
	dative	not used	abolámoste	abolámosle	abolámonos	abolámoos	abolámosles
	accusative	not used	abolámoste	abolámoslo, abolámosla	abolámonos	abolámoos	abolámoslos, abolámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative abolid
	dative	abolidme	not used	abolidle	abolidnos	abolíos	abolidles
	accusative	abolidme	not used	abolidlo, abolidla	abolidnos	abolíos	abolidlos, abolidlas
with formal second-person plural imperative abolan
	dative	abólanme	not used	abólanle	abólannos	not used	abólanles, abólanse
	accusative	abólanme	not used	abólanlo, abólanla	abólannos	not used	abólanlos, abólanlas, abólanse

Related terms

• abolición

 

References

• Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “abolir”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume I (A–Ca), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 17

Further reading

• “abolir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28