claudo
Latin
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Italic *klaudō, from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂u-de-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂u- (“key, hook, nail”).
Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), Old High German sliozan (“to close, conclude, lock”), Old Saxon slūtan (“to close, conclude, lock”).
Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈklau̯.doː/, [ˈkɫ̪äu̯d̪oː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈklau̯.do/, [ˈkläːu̯d̪o]
Verb
[edit]claudō (present infinitive claudere, perfect active clausī, supine clausum); third conjugation
- to shut up, close, lock
- Synonyms: retineō, intersaepiō, interclūdō, inclūdō, operiō, premō, obserō
- Antonyms: adaperiō, aperiō, patefaciō
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.232–233:
- “quid Trōēs potuēre, quibus, tot fūnera passīs,
cūnctus ob Ītaliam terrārum clauditur orbis?”- “What have the Trojans done, for whom, having suffered so many losses, the whole circle of the lands has been closed. [And all] for the sake of Italy.”
(Venus, speaking to Jupiter, laments the plight of the Trojans as they wander the Mediterranean shores.)
- “What have the Trojans done, for whom, having suffered so many losses, the whole circle of the lands has been closed. [And all] for the sake of Italy.”
- “quid Trōēs potuēre, quibus, tot fūnera passīs,
- to imprison, confine
- Synonyms: comprehendo, retineo, intersaepio, includo, intercludo, arceo, impedio, urgeō, coerceō, prohibeo
- to encompass, surround
- Synonyms: complector, amplector, stīpō, circumdō, circumveniō
- to besiege, blockade
- Synonyms: circumveniō, circumeō, circumsistō, circumdō, obsideō, assideō, circumsaepiō, saepiō, obstruō
- to limit, restrict
- to terminate, finish, complete
Conjugation
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Insular Romance:
- Old Sardinian: klaudere
Reflexes of the variant clūdere:
Etymology 2
[edit]Verb
[edit]claudō (present infinitive claudere, supine clausum); third conjugation, no perfect stem
- Alternative form of claudeō (“limp”)
Conjugation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]claudō
References
[edit]- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) to turn a deaf ear to, to open one's ears to..: aures claudere, patefacere (e.g. veritati, assentatoribus)
- (ambiguous) to open, shut the door: ostium, fores aperire, claudere
- (ambiguous) to bring up the rear: agmen claudere, cogere
- (ambiguous) to besiege a city: oppidum obsidione claudere
- (ambiguous) to turn a deaf ear to, to open one's ears to..: aures claudere, patefacere (e.g. veritati, assentatoribus)
- “claudo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “claudo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- claudo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
- claudo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “claudĕre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 2: C Q K, page 750
Categories:
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin verbs
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin third conjugation verbs
- Latin third conjugation verbs with perfect in -s- or -x-
- Latin third conjugation verbs with missing perfect stem
- Latin defective verbs
- Latin verbs with missing perfect stem
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin adjective forms
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook
- Latin unprefixed third conjugation verbs