蹇

蹇 U+8E47, 蹇 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8E47 ← 蹆 [U+8E46] CJK Unified Ideographs 蹈 → [U+8E48]

Translingual

Han character

蹇 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+10, 17 strokes, cangjie input 十廿金人 (JTCO) or 難十廿金人 (XJTCO), four-corner 3080₁, composition ⿱𡨄足)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1230, character 40
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37741
• Dae Jaweon: page 1702, character 40
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3731, character 5
• Unihan data for U+8E47

Chinese

simp. and trad.		蹇
alternative forms		䮿／𬴏 𨇥

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 蹇
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (寒) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
寒	*ɡaːn
蹇	*kranʔ, *kanʔ
謇	*kranʔ
搴	*kranʔ, *kʰran
藆	*kranʔ
騫	*kʰran
褰	*kʰran
攐	*kʰran
鑳	*ɡranʔ
寋	*ɡanʔ
鶱	*qʰan

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kranʔ, *kanʔ) : abbreviated phonetic 寒 (OC *ɡaːn) + semantic 足 (“foot”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiǎn, qiān (jian³, qian¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˇ, ㄑㄧㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gin² / zin²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kián

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiǎn
    • Wade–Giles: chien³
    • Yale: jyǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jean
    • Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cian
    • Wade–Giles: chʻien¹
    • Yale: chyān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chian
    • Palladius: цянь (cjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gin² / zin²
    • Yale: gín / jín
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gin² / dzin²
    • Guangdong Romanization: gin² / jin²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiːn³⁵/, /t͡siːn³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kián
    • Tâi-lô: kián
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiern
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kiɛn⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɛn⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɛn⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kiɛn⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɛn⁴¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: kjonX, kjenX

Rime
Character	蹇	蹇
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	元 (65)	仙 (79)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	居偃切	九輦切
Baxter	kjonX	kjenX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨɐnX/	/kˠiᴇnX/
Pan Wuyun	/kiɐnX/	/kᵚiɛnX/
Shao Rongfen	/kiɐnX/	/kiænX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɨanX/	/kianX/
Li Rong	/kiɐnX/	/kjɛnX/
Wang Li	/kĭɐnX/	/kĭɛnX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kɨ̯ɐnX/	/ki̯ɛnX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiǎn	jiǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gin2	gin2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kranʔ/, /*kanʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蹇	蹇
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	4871	4880
Phonetic component	寒	寒
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	蹇	湕
Old Chinese	/*kranʔ/	/*kanʔ/

Definitions

蹇

1. (literary) lame; crippled
2. (literary) difficult; hard; unlucky
3. (literary) dull; stupid; dumb
4. (literary) arrogant; haughty
5. (literary) lame donkey or inferior horse
6. (literary) stutter
7. (literary) Sentence-initial particle.
8. ䷦,39th hexagram of the I Ching
9. a surname

   蹇先佛  ―  Jiǎn Xiānfó  ―  Jian Xianfo (former Electric Industry vice-minister of China)

Compounds

• 乖蹇
• 偃蹇
• 偃蹇困窮／偃蹇困穷
• 命蹇
• 命蹇時乖／命蹇时乖
• 屯蹇 (zhūnjiǎn)
• 數奇命蹇／数奇命蹇
• 時乖命蹇／时乖命蹇
• 時乖運蹇／时乖运蹇
• 策蹇
• 緣慳命蹇／缘悭命蹇
• 跛蹇 (bǒjiǎn)
• 蹇促
• 蹇修
• 蹇傴／蹇伛
• 蹇兔
• 蹇剝／蹇剥
• 蹇吃
• 蹇味兒／蹇味儿
• 蹇滯／蹇滞 (jiǎnzhì)
• 蹇澀／蹇涩
• 蹇產／蹇产
• 蹇緩／蹇缓
• 蹇落
• 蹇諤之風／蹇谔之风
• 蹇蹇
• 蹇連／蹇连
• 蹇運／蹇运
• 蹇驢／蹇驴
• 運乖時蹇／运乖时蹇
• 運蹇時乖／运蹇时乖
• 驕蹇／骄蹇

 

References

• “蹇”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

蹇

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. cripple

Readings

From Middle Chinese 蹇 (MC kjonX):

• Go-on: こん (kon)
• Kan-on: けん (ken)

From Middle Chinese 蹇 (MC kjenX):

• Go-on: けん (ken)
• Kan-on: けん (ken)

From native Japanese roots:

• Kun: あしなえ (ashinae, 蹇)^{←あしなへ (asinafe, 蹇, historical)}、かかげる (kakageru, 蹇げる)、なえぐ (naegu, 蹇ぐ)^{←なへぐ (nafegu, 蹇ぐ, historical)}、なやむ (nayamu)

Compounds

• 蹇(けん)諤(がく), 蹇(けん)愕(がく) (kengaku)
• 蹇(けん)吃(きつ) (kenkitsu)
• 蹇(けん)喫(きつ) (kenkitsu)
• 蹇(けん)侷(きょく) (kenkyoku)
• 蹇(けん)蹇(けん) (kenken)
• 蹇(けん)産(さん), 蹇(けん)滻(さん) (kensan)
• 蹇(けん)脩(しゅう) (kenshū)
• 蹇(けん)渋(じゅう) (kenjū)
• 蹇(けん)裳(しょう) (kenshō)
• 蹇(けん)足(そく) (kensoku)
• 蹇(けん)滞(たい) (kentai)
• 蹇(けん)躓(ち) (kenchi)
• 蹇(けん)跛(ぱ) (kenpa)
• 蹇(けん)剝(はく) (kenhaku)
• 蹇(けん)歩(ぽ) (kenpo)
• 蹇(けん)劣(れつ) (kenretsu)
• 蹇(けん)連(れん) (kenren)
• 蹇(けん)驢(ろ) (kenro)
• 偃(えん)蹇(けん) (enken)
• 窮(きゅう)蹇(けん) (kyūken)
• 驕(きょう)蹇(けん) (kyōken)
• 驁(ごう)蹇(けん) (gōken)
• 屯(ちゅん)蹇(けん) (chunken)
• 駑(ど)蹇(けん) (doken)
• 跛(は)蹇(けん) (haken)
• 連(れん)蹇(けん) (renken)

 

Korean

Hanja

蹇 • (geon) (hangeul 건, revised geon, McCune–Reischauer kŏn, Yale ken)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

蹇: Hán Nôm readings: kiễng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.