Vasily Surikov: Difference between revisions
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===Career in Moscow=== |
===Career in Moscow=== |
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[[File:V.Surikov, Self-Portrait (1879, Tretyakov gallery).jpg|thumb|Self portrait (1879, [[Tretyakov Gallery]])]] |
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[[File:Suvorov crossing the alps.jpg|thumb|left|200px|''Suvorov Crossing the Alps'']] |
[[File:Suvorov crossing the alps.jpg|thumb|left|200px|''Suvorov Crossing the Alps'']] |
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In 1877, he received a commission to paint murals at the [[Cathedral of Christ the Saviour]] (then still under construction) and he moved to Moscow.<ref name="A" /> Unable to afford a house, he lived in rented apartments and hotels and visited Krasnoyarsk whenever possible. In 1878, he married Elisabeth Charais (1858–1888), a French woman who was descended from the [[Decembrist]], {{ill|Pyotr Svistunov|ru|Свистунов, Пётр Николаевич}}, on her mother's side.<ref name="R" /> They had two daughters.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}} |
In 1877, he received a commission to paint murals at the [[Cathedral of Christ the Saviour]] (then still under construction) and he moved to Moscow.<ref name="A" /> Unable to afford a house, he lived in rented apartments and hotels and visited Krasnoyarsk whenever possible. In 1878, he married Elisabeth Charais (1858–1888), a French woman who was descended from the [[Decembrist]], {{ill|Pyotr Svistunov|ru|Свистунов, Пётр Николаевич}}, on her mother's side.<ref name="R" /> They had two daughters.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}} |
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In 1907, he left the Peredvizhniki and joined the Union of Russian Artists. Three years later, he visited Spain, together with his son-in-law, [[Pyotr Konchalovsky]].<ref name="A" /> That same year, he and the architect [[Leonid Chernishyov]] opened an art school. Four years later, he had an extended stay in Krasnoyarsk, painting landscapes.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}} |
In 1907, he left the Peredvizhniki and joined the Union of Russian Artists. Three years later, he visited Spain, together with his son-in-law, [[Pyotr Konchalovsky]].<ref name="A" /> That same year, he and the architect [[Leonid Chernishyov]] opened an art school. Four years later, he had an extended stay in Krasnoyarsk, painting landscapes.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}} |
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[[File:Суриков Василий Иванович.png|thumb|Black and white photograph of Surikov, circa 1913]] |
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By this time, he was suffering from chronic coronary disease. A trip to [[Crimea]] for treatment in 1915 failed to ameliorate the problem and he died early the following year after returning to Moscow. He was buried at [[Vagankovo Cemetery]], next to his wife.<ref name="R" /> |
By this time, he was suffering from chronic coronary disease. A trip to [[Crimea]] for treatment in 1915 failed to ameliorate the problem and he died early the following year after returning to Moscow. He was buried at [[Vagankovo Cemetery]], next to his wife.<ref name="R" /> |
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In 1948, on the 100th anniversary of his birth, his estate in Krasnoyarsk became a museum. Two monuments have been erected there, in 1954 and in 2002. A biographical movie of his life (''[[Vasily Surikov (film)|Vasily Surikov]]'') was made by [[Mosfilm]] in 1959, written by [[Emil Braginsky]] and directed by {{ill|Anatoly Rybakov (director)|ru|Рыбаков, Анатолий Михайлович|lt=Anatoly Rybakov}}, with [[Yevgeni Lazarev]] as Surikov and [[Larisa Kadochnikova]] as Elisabeth.<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0053406/ ''Vasily Surikov''] @ IMDb.</ref> Numerous streets and squares throughout Russia have been named after him, as well as a [[ |
In 1948, on the 100th anniversary of his birth, his estate in Krasnoyarsk became a museum. Two monuments have been erected there, in 1954 and in 2002. A biographical movie of his life (''[[Vasily Surikov (film)|Vasily Surikov]]'') was made by [[Mosfilm]] in 1959, written by [[Emil Braginsky]] and directed by {{ill|Anatoly Rybakov (director)|ru|Рыбаков, Анатолий Михайлович|lt=Anatoly Rybakov}}, with [[Yevgeni Lazarev]] as Surikov and [[Larisa Kadochnikova]] as Elisabeth.<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0053406/ ''Vasily Surikov''] @ IMDb.</ref> Numerous streets and squares throughout Russia have been named after him, as well as a [[Surikov (crater)|crater on Mercury]].<ref>{{cite web |url = https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/5767|title = Surikov |publisher = NASA |work = Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature |access-date = 27 July 2021}}</ref> |
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==Principal works== |
==Principal works== |
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Revision as of 13:53, 2 September 2022
Vasily Surikov | |
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Portrait of Vasily Surikov by Ilya Repin (1877) | |
| Born | 24 January 1848 |
| Died | 19 March 1916 (aged 68) |
| Resting place | Vagankovo Cemetery, Moscow |
| Nationality | Russian |
| Education | Member Academy of Arts (1895) Full Member Academy of Arts (1893) |
| Alma mater | Imperial Academy of Arts (1875) |
| Known for | Painting |
| Notable work | The Morning of the Streltsy Execution (1881) Boyarynya Morozova (1887) |
| Movement | Realism, History painting |
| Awards | Four Silver Medals |
| Patron(s) | Pavel Tretyakov |
Vasily Ivanovich Surikov (Russian: Василий Иванович Суриков; 24 January 1848 – 19 March 1916) was a Russian Realist history painter. Many of his works have become familiar to the general public through their use as illustrations.
Biography
He was born to an old Yenisei Cossack[1] family descending from Don Cossacks that had settled in Siberia.[2] His father was a Collegiate Registrar, a civil service rank that often served as postmasters. In 1854, as a result of his father being reassigned, the family moved to the village of Sukhobuzimskoye, where he began his primary education.[citation needed]
In 1859, his father died of tuberculosis so the family returned to Krasnoyarsk and were forced to rent the second floor of their house to survive financially. He began drawing while attending the district school and was encouraged by the local art teacher. His first formal work dates from 1862, but his family could not afford to continue his education and he became a clerk in a government office. This brought him into contact with Pavel Zamyatin, the Governor of Yenisei, who was able to find him a patron: Pyotr Kuznetsov, a local merchant who owned several small gold mines.[3]
In 1868, he rode on horseback to Saint Petersburg, but was unable to qualify for admission to the Imperial Academy of Arts, so he studied at the drawing school of the Imperial Society for the Encouragement of the Arts.[2] After a year there, he was allowed to audit classes at the Academy and became a full-time pupil toward the end of 1869.
From 1869 to 1875, he studied with Pavel Chistyakov, Bogdan Willewalde and Pyotr Shamshin, winning several medals.[2] His great attention to composition earned him a nickname, "The Composer". In 1875, he graduated with the title of Artist, first degree.[citation needed]
Career in Moscow
In 1877, he received a commission to paint murals at the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour (then still under construction) and he moved to Moscow.[3] Unable to afford a house, he lived in rented apartments and hotels and visited Krasnoyarsk whenever possible. In 1878, he married Elisabeth Charais (1858–1888), a French woman who was descended from the Decembrist, Pyotr Svistunov, on her mother's side.[2] They had two daughters.[citation needed]
After that, he chose to remain in Moscow and began the series of historical paintings that would establish his reputation, starting with The Morning of the Streltsy Execution. In 1881, he had his first exhibition with the Peredvizhniki, an artists' cooperative.[2] In 1883, Menshikov in Beryozovo was bought by Pavel Tretyakov for a sum that allowed him to take a European tour. In 1887, he added portraits to his repertoire, beginning with one of his mother.[3]
In 1888, his wife died, and he returned to Krasnoyarsk with his daughters for two years. There he painted his most lighthearted picture, The Capture of Snow Town. This was followed by a visit to his ancestral home in Siberia. There, on the Ob River, he made sketches for one of his most familiar works, The Conquest of Siberia by Yermak Timofeyevich (an event in which some of his ancestors had participated).[3] This brought him a full membership in the Imperial Academy.[2] In 1897, he visited Switzerland and painted Suvorov Crossing the Alps, which was purchased by Tsar Nicholas II.[citation needed]
In 1907, he left the Peredvizhniki and joined the Union of Russian Artists. Three years later, he visited Spain, together with his son-in-law, Pyotr Konchalovsky.[3] That same year, he and the architect Leonid Chernishyov opened an art school. Four years later, he had an extended stay in Krasnoyarsk, painting landscapes.[citation needed]
By this time, he was suffering from chronic coronary disease. A trip to Crimea for treatment in 1915 failed to ameliorate the problem and he died early the following year after returning to Moscow. He was buried at Vagankovo Cemetery, next to his wife.[2]
In 1948, on the 100th anniversary of his birth, his estate in Krasnoyarsk became a museum. Two monuments have been erected there, in 1954 and in 2002. A biographical movie of his life (Vasily Surikov) was made by Mosfilm in 1959, written by Emil Braginsky and directed by Anatoly Rybakov, with Yevgeni Lazarev as Surikov and Larisa Kadochnikova as Elisabeth.[4] Numerous streets and squares throughout Russia have been named after him, as well as a crater on Mercury.[5]
Principal works
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The Bronze Horseman
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Menshikov in Beryozovo
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The Capture of Snow Town
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The Conquest of Siberia by Yermak Timofeyevich
References
- ^ Kislitsyna, Ksenia (24 January 2018). "Василий Суриков: мастер, который везде искал красоту" [Vasily Surikov: a master who was looking for beauty everywhere]. Gazeta.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 22 January 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g Brief biography @ RusArtNet.
- ^ a b c d e Brief biography @ Russian Paintings.
- ^ Vasily Surikov @ IMDb.
- ^ "Surikov". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. NASA. Retrieved 27 July 2021.
Further reading
- Vladimir Kemenov, Vasily Surikov 1848–1916, Parkstone Press, 1997 ISBN 1-85995-325-5
- Maria Tsaneva, Surikov: 154 Paintings and Drawings, Lulu Press, 2014 ISBN 1-304-90431-8
- Tamara Kozhevinkova, Василий Суриков, Белый город, 2000 ISBN 5-7793-0222-7
- Lydia Lovlyeva and Galina Churak, Василий Суриков, Пинакотека, 1998 ISBN 5-89580-003-3
External links
- Members of the Imperial Academy of Arts
- Full Members of the Imperial Academy of Arts
- Imperial Academy of Arts alumni
- 1848 births
- 1916 deaths
- People from Krasnoyarsk
- People from Yeniseysk Governorate
- 19th-century painters from the Russian Empire
- Russian male painters
- 20th-century Russian painters
- Russian watercolorists
- Peredvizhniki
- 19th-century painters of historical subjects
- Burials at Vagankovo Cemetery
- 19th-century male artists of the Russian Empire
- 20th-century Russian male artists