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List of leaders of Communist Tuva

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Leaders of Communist Tuva
SeatKyzyl
AppointerPolitburo, Central Committee or any party apparatus (de facto)
Parliamentary vote (de jure)
Formation14/15 August 1921
First holderMongush Buyan-Badyrgy (as Chairman of the All-Tuva Constituent Khural)
Final holderKaadyr-ool Bicheldey (as Chairman of the Supreme Soviet)
Sherig-ool Oorzhak (as Chairman of the Council of Ministers)
Abolished25 December 1991

The following is a list of leaders of Communist Tuva, encompassing leaders of the Tuvan People's Republic, the Tuvan Autonomous Oblast (the Tuvan AO) and the Tuvan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (the Tuvan ASSR).

It lists heads of state, heads of government, heads of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party and of the local branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

The Tuvan People's Republic was nominally a sovereign state[1] in 1921–44, but it was considered a satellite state of the Soviet Union (the Soviet Union and the Mongolian People's Republic were the only countries to recognize its independence[2][3]).

In 1944, at the request of Tuva's Small People's Khural (parliament), the Tuvan People's Republic became a part of the Soviet Union as an autonomous oblast (the Tuvan AO) of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (the Russian SFSR) by the decision of Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.[4]

In 1961, the Tuvan AO became an autonomous soviet socialist republic (the Tuvan ASSR) of the Russian SFSR.

Tuvan People's Republic

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Heads of state

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No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term Political party
Took office Left office Time in office
Chairman of the All-Tuva Constituent Khural
(1921)
1
Mongush Buyan-Badyrgy
Mongush Buyan-Badyrgy
(1892–1932)
14 August 192115 August 19211 dayTPRP
Chairmen of the General Central Council
(1921–1923)
(1)
Mongush Buyan-Badyrgy
Mongush Buyan-Badyrgy
(1892–1932)
15 August 192128 February 1922197 daysTPRP
2
Maady Lopsan-Osur
Maady Lopsan-Osur
(1876–1934?)
1 March 192215 August 1922167 daysTPRP
3
Salchak Idam-Syuryun
Salchak Idam-Syuryun15 August 19221 October 19231 year, 47 daysTPRP
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Little Khural
(1923–1944)
4
Mongush Nimachap (Nimazhap)
Mongush Nimachap
(Nimazhap)

(1879–1932)
1 October 19234 February 19294 years, 139 daysTPRP
5
Adyg Tyulyush Chulydum
Adyg Tyulyush Chulydum
(1900–1933)
5 February 19295 October 19334 years, 242 daysTPRP
6
Adyg-Tulush Khemchik-ool
Adyg-Tulush Khemchik-ool
(1893–1938)
1933February 19385 yearsTPRP
7
Polat Oyun
Polat Oyun
(1906–1992)
2 March 19384 April 19402 years, 33 daysTPRP
8
Khertek Anchimaa-Toka
Khertek Anchimaa-Toka
(1912–2008)
[a]
6 April 194010 October 19444 years, 187 daysTPRP

Heads of government

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No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term Political party
Took office Left office Time in office
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
(1923–1944)
1
Mongush Buyan-Badyrgy
Mongush Buyan-Badyrgy
(1892–1932)
1 October 192318 September 1924353 daysTPRP
2
Soyan Oruygu
Soyan Oruygu
(1876–?)
18 September 192419251 yearTPRP
3
Donduk Kuular
Donduk Kuular
(1888–1932)
1925January 19294 yearsTPRP
4
Adyg-Tulush Khemchik-ool
Adyg-Tulush Khemchik-ool
(1893–1938)
January 19291929Several monthsTPRP
5
Sat Churmet-Dazhi
Sat Churmet-Dazhi
(1894–1938)
1929February 19389 yearsTPRP
6
Ondar Bayyr (Aleksey Bair)
Ondar Bayyr
(Aleksey Bair)

(1904–1986)
1938May 19402 yearsTPRP
Post abolished (May 1940 – 22 June 1941)
7
Saryg-Donggak Chymba (Aleksandr Chimba)
Saryg-Donggak Chymba
(Aleksandr Chimba)

(1906–1985)
22 June 194110 October 19443 years, 110 daysTPRP

Heads of party

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No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term Political party
Took office Left office Time in office
Chairman of the Organizing Bureau of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party
(1921–1922)
1
Mongush Nimachap (Nimazhap)
Mongush Nimachap
(Nimazhap)

(1879–1932)
29 October 1921March 19224 monthsTPRP
Chairmen of the Central Committee of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party
(1922–1924)
2
Maady Lopsan-Osur
Maady Lopsan-Osur
(1876–1934?)
March 19229 July 19231 year, 4 monthsTPRP
3
Oyun Kyursedi (Kursedi)
Oyun Kyursedi
(Kursedi)

(1884–1924)
9 July 192315 March 1924250 daysTPRP
General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party
(1924–1926)
4
Shagdyr
ShagdyrApril 1924January 19261 year, 9 monthsTPRP
First Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party
(1926–1932)
5
Mongush Buyan-Badyrgy
Mongush Buyan-Badyrgy
(1892–1932)
January 1926February 19271 year, 1 monthTPRP
6
Sodnam Balchir Ambyn-noyon
Sodnam Balchir Ambyn-noyon
(1901–?)
February 1927January 19291 year, 11 monthsTPRP
7
Irgit Shagdyrzhap
Irgit Shagdyrzhap
(1899–1959)
January 1929March 19323 years, 2 monthsTPRP
General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party
(1932–1944)
8
Salchak Toka
Salchak Toka
(1901–1973)
6 March 193210 October 194412 years, 218 daysTPRP

Heads of finance ministry

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Term Name
1928–1930 Sodnam Oorjak
1932–1934 Tanchai Oyun
1933–1937 Polat Oyun
1940–1941 Nikolay Tovarishtay
1941–1943 Shamir Erectol
1943–1944 Kenden Lopsan
Source: [6]

Tuvan Autonomous Oblast / Tuvan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic

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Heads of state

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No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term Political party
Took office Left office Time in office
Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Autonomous Oblast Soviet
(1944–1962)
1
Saryg-Donggak Chymba (Aleksandr Chimba)
Saryg-Donggak Chymba
(Aleksandr Chimba)

(1906–1985)
13 October 1944February 196116 years, 3 monthsCPSU
2
Mikhail Mendume
Mikhail Mendume
(1922–2001)
February 196110 January 196211 monthsCPSU
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
(1962–1990)
3
Bay-Kara Dolchanmaa
Bay-Kara Dolchanmaa
(1916–2002)
10 January 196222 June 197715 years, 163 daysCPSU
(2)
Mikhail Mendume
Mikhail Mendume
(1922–2001)
22 June 1977December 19847 years, 5 monthsCPSU
4
Chimit-Dorzhu Ondar
Chimit-Dorzhu Ondar
(born 1932)
December 198427 April 19905 years, 4 monthsCPSU
Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet
(1990–1991)
(4)
Chimit-Dorzhu Ondar
Chimit-Dorzhu Ondar
(born 1932)
27 April 19902 October 19911 year, 158 daysCPSU
5
Kaadyr-ool Bicheldey
Kaadyr-ool Bicheldey
(born 1950)
2 October 199125 December 199184 daysIndependent

Heads of government

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No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term Political party
Took office Left office Time in office
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
(1944–1991)
Post abolished (10 October 1944 – 10 January 1962)
1
Mikhail Mendume
Mikhail Mendume
(1922–2001)
10 January 196222 June 197715 years, 163 daysCPSU
2
Chimit-Dorzhu Ondar
Chimit-Dorzhu Ondar
(born 1932)
22 June 1977December 19847 years, 5 monthsCPSU
3
Vladimir Seryakov
Vladimir Seryakov
(1934–2016)
December 1984April 19905 years, 4 monthsCPSU
4
Sherig-ool Oorzhak
Sherig-ool Oorzhak
(born 1942)
28 April 199025 December 19911 year, 241 daysCPSU

Heads of party

[edit]
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term Political party
Took office Left office Time in office
First Secretary of the Oblast Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
(1944–1961)
1
Salchak Toka
Salchak Toka
(1901–1973)
13 October 194410 October 196116 years, 362 daysCPSU
First Secretaries of the Republican Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
(1961–1991)
(1)
Salchak Toka
Salchak Toka
(1901–1973)
11 October 196111 May 197311 years, 213 daysCPSU
2
Grigoriy Shirshin [ru]
Grigoriy Shirshin [ru]
(born 1934)
6 June 197323 August 199118 years, 78 daysCPSU

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ The first non-royal female head of state.[5]

References

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  1. ^ Toomas Alatalu (1992). "Tuva: a State Reawakens". Soviet Studies. 44 (5): 881–895. doi:10.1080/09668139208412051. JSTOR 152275.
  2. ^ Dallin, David J. Soviet Russia and the Far East, Yale University Press, 1948, p. 87
  3. ^ Paine, S.C.M. Imperial Rivals: China, Russia, and Their Disputed Frontier, M.E. Sharpe, 1996, p. 329.
  4. ^ Президиум Верховного Совета СССР. Указ от 11 октября 1944 г «О принятии Тувинской Народной Республики в состав Союза Советских Социалистических Республик». (Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Decree of 11 October 1944 On the admission of the Tuvan People's Republic to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. ).
  5. ^ "Khertek Anchimaa Toka: the world’s first female head of state". Times Online. 2 October 2008. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
  6. ^ "К 95-летию Тувинской Народной Республики".

Sources

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  • [1] World Statesmen.org (for the Tuvan Socialist Republic)
  • [2] World Statesmen.org (for the Tuvan AO and the Tuvan ASSR)