Some other providers give you a way to programmatically fetch a token which can be used directly in your terraform to instantiate a Kubernetes provider. AWS gives you a data block directly. AKS embeds a kubeconfig into the AKS cluster resource itself that can be used.

Equivalent from AWS:
https://registry.terraform.io/providers/hashicorp/aws/latest/docs/data-sources/eks_cluster_auth

Equivalent from AKS:
https://registry.terraform.io/providers/hashicorp/azurerm/latest/docs/resources/kubernetes_cluster#kube_admin_config-1