One of the storylines is that Sheldon had his first energy drink (in order to stay awake to work longer), but in The Anxiety Optimization (2015), Leonard reports that Sheldon had his first Red Bull then, as part of his efforts to keep his anxiety levels raised. Specifically, Leonard says "You know, at work today he tried his first Red Bull? He chased a squirrel around the quad for a while, and then threw up in my car."
Raj introduces Bernadette to his father as if they've never met; however, they spent a Christmas together during The Clean Room Infiltration (2014).
When Leonard says that according to world's worst cuckoo clock, it's 2:00 am but the time by Sheldon's watch is 8:00.
Sheldon has been seen consuming drinks containing caffeine many times before, including tea (many times) and Mountain Dew (in The Vengeance Formulation (2009)), albeit drinks with significantly lower amounts and combined with much different nutritional properties.