A man (Rufus Sewell) wakes up in a bathtub, with no idea who he is and a rivulet of blood trickling from his forehead. He finds clothes, but also a corpse, a woman with bloody spirals carved in her body. The clerk in the hotel lobby calls him "Mr. Murdoch," and advises him to go to the automat to collect his wallet, because his room is no longer paid up.
Soon he knows his name is John Murdoch, but it means nothing to him. The police are hunting him as a serial killer of prostitutes, led by Detective Bumstead (William Hurt.) John's wife, Emma (Jennifer Connelly), alternately helps Bumstead search, and protects John from him. But that's all of no importance, the real threat the mysterious figures in black trenchcoats and hats, skin unearthly pale, that are pursuing John with strange powers. Powers he seems to have as well, which only a Dr. Schreber (Kiefer Sutherland) may understand.
Dark City offers a strong clue about itself early on, when Emma visits Dr. Schreber, who was supposedly treating John. After she enters his office - itself peculiarly arranged, as the door with his name on it opens onto another long hallway before reaching his lab - she finds Schreber studying a giant, circular rat maze. It's not apparent at first, but as the scene ends, you see there's no exit. The maze's outer walls are solid, the rats are placed inside by Schreber lowering them in, and simply stuck until he chooses to remove them. Nor is there any sort of prize in the middle of the maze, or anywhere else.
(I'm not sure what Schreber was purporting to study with that. What rats do in the face of futility? Do they recognize futility? Is that the equivalent of what Mr. Book and the rest of the "strangers" are seeking in humanity?)
Because that's what this city that John, Emma, Bumstead, everyone inhabit really is. A giant maze. Director Alex Proyas makes the city reflect this. The layout, where the buildings tower over the characters, penning them into narrow, dark alleys, or all the staircases that wind around and around in spirals. (In one scene as he tries to traverse the city, John climbs one flight of stairs, only to reach the top and the next flight take him down. Moving, but getting nowhere.)
But also the way places are framed in shots creates a feeling of artificiality. The room Bumstead's former coworker, Walenski (who has learned the truth on his own), shut himself in looks ordinary enough when we're standing outside with Bumstead and Walenski's wife. Once we follow Bumstead inside, we see his head nearly touches the ceiling. Like he stepped into a dollhouse without realizing it. On the other end of things, when John visits his Uncle Karl and is shown to his childhood room, the initial shot makes him look tiny as he stands in the doorway, the ceiling towering over him. The camera is positioned in the opposite corner from the door, and we feel impossibly far away from John, for what is supposed to be a child's room. Nothing fits, because it's all surface level manipulation by beings tinkering with things to see what happens.
(Later, when John is going through his childhood possession, looking for something that will spark recognition, the shot is framed so that he fills most of it, standing over his old desk, only a little of the room visible behind him. His surroundings seemingly have adjusted to him, or he's adjusted his surroundings, in the same way he unconsciously fills the childhood scrapbook of his time at Shell Beach.)
Not necessarily relevant to the design of the city, the design of the machine the strangers use to amplify their abilities is very cool. The giant metal face that opens down the middle to reveal a giant clock that stops at 12 when they begin their work.
There's a nice contrast between the human characters - John, Emma, Bumstead, even Schreber - and the strangers. The strangers always move with a deliberate stride, never hurried (it feels like Proyas shoots those scenes in slow-motion, maybe.) They fly, but in a singularly undynamic way, looking like they're standing on an invisible conveyor belt. Even when Mr. Hand has himself injected with the life Murdoch was supposed to get, he still moves the same, still speaks in his same deliberate cadence. He has these memories, but that doesn't mean he understands them, why they were meant to possibly motivate John to kill. The same way they seem to have given themselves names, but it's just, objects. Mr. Hand, Mr. Wall, Mr. Book. Occasionally an adjective (Mr. Quick, unless it's for "cut to the quick")
Because there's no apparent significance to the names to them. All their memories and experiences are shared, there's no real individuality. Their body is whatever corpse of one of their subjects they happen to inhabit. Schreber makes no effort to distinguish them, and they don't care about that, either. They may be trying to understand humans, but they haven't gotten anywhere. Mr. Book says it would take a human lifetimes to learn to "tune", i.e., alter reality with their mind, not considering that a) that's true for his species, not necessarily humans, and b) in a way, John Murdoch has already lived innumerable lifetimes. Each time he got another set of memories imprinted on him, it's another life.
Whereas John is scrambling around in a rumpled coat and clacks, wild-eyed as he tries to piece together what's happened to him, what's wrong with this city, why the sun never shines, why no one can tell him how to get to Shell Beach. When he really embraces his power for the climactic fight, Mr. Book stands ramrod straight, but John lowers his head like a bull about to charge. When he flies, he leans forward like he's about to do a Superman (one arm extended.) He shifts, he adjusts, his feelings factor into his actions, whether they drive him to smash through a wall, or surrender to protect Emma.
Schreber shuffles along, wheezing out sly lines a few words at a time. It's a very odd performance by Sutherland, I'm curious why he took that route. But Schreber is in a peculiar place. He's an accomplice to the strangers, but also a victim. As he explains, he was allowed to retain his expertise in the human mind, but made to erase everything else. He doesn't know the name he was born with any more than John or any of the others do.
Bumstead is, outwardly, the closest to the strangers. Tall and thin, a measured stride, initially unaffected by another killing. A man who focuses on details like untied shoelaces or goldfish spared a slow death by asphyxiation. It's clinical, just work, a puzzle to be solved, then set aside. Walenski's wild claims are something to dismiss. But the longer he's involved, the more he's drawn in. Hurt doesn't lose the stilted, slightly awkward manner, but gives Bumstead a willingness to question, a flexibility of mind the strangers lack. If Bumstead lacks the air of authority to make people halt when he tells them to, he at least seems able to get people to talk to him.
Connelly plays Emma as soft-spoken, but certain. She doesn't know what John's been doing since he "moved out", didn't know about his seeing a doctor, but she doesn't believe he's a killer. Even when they meet - their first meeting, really - in their apartment, and she can't understand what he's talking about, she doesn't hesitate to bar Bumstead's path so John can flee. The strangers would likely attribute that to the memories they've provided, though John and Emma would argue otherwise.
It was a little strange to me, that John could fall for Emma so quickly, minus the memories she has of their "relationship", when they had something like two brief conversations. But I imagine that's the point. Love isn't a matter of logic or rationality, something the strangers could have Schreber implant or remove at a whim. It's something that happens, sometimes in an instant, and can't be recreated if you simply put one of the two people in the same location with a different person spouting the same lines, like when Mr. Hand follows John's "memories" to his first meeting with Emma and finds her there. They have a pleasant enough chat, but there are no sparks, nothing forms between them.
(Also, John doesn't have the memories of Emma's infidelity he's supposed to, which lets him see her with a clear eye.)
The final showdown suffers a bit from the special effects limitations of the late '90s, so that you get John and Mr. Book throwing wobbly translucent waves from their foreheads. The times where they manipulate their surroundings, like Mr. Book making parts of the floor erupt into massive spikes around John, are better. If the big deal is the ability to manipulate to reality, then that's what the conflict should revolve around. And John does ultimately win by making that building with the water tower grow so it's in Mr. Book's path.
I read once that, at least in dreams, water is a symbol for reaching a truth. So the strangers being vulnerable to it is a nice touch, even beyond water being something humans need to function. John's pursuit of answers points to a beach, to crashing waves, the kind of thing that repels the strangers. And John is able to learn at least some of what he wanted to know, while the strangers never get what they were after. They purposefully keep at a distance from water, because it kills them and their notion that a person is strictly the sum of their experiences, and it's just a matter of making the right combination of experiences to produce the result you want.