MEDICATION INDICATION MECHANISM OF SIDE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITY
ACTION
Generic name: To reduce the risk Atorvastatin Headache, flatulence, -Stress that atorvastatin is an
Atorvastatin of myocardial competitively diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, adjunct to not a substitute for
infarction, stroke, inhibits HMG-COA anorexia, xerostomia, low-cholesterol diet.
Brand name: angina, or reductase, the angioedema, myalgia, -Tell patient to take drug at the
Lipitor revascularization enzyme that rash/pruritus, alopecia, same time each day to maintain
procedures in catalyses the allergy, infection, chest its effect.
Dosage and patients with conversion of HMG- pain. -Instruct patient to take a
Route: multiple risks COA to mevalonic Potentially Fatal: missed dose as soon as possible.
IV factors of CAD. acid. This result in Thrombocytopenia. I is almost time for his next
the induction of the Rhabdomyolysis with acute dose, he should skip the missed
Classification: LDL receptors. renal failure. dose.
HMG CoA Leading to lowered - Advise patient to notify
reductase LDL-cholesterol prescriber immediately if the
inhibitors concentration. develops unexplained muscle
pain, tenderness, or weakness
especially if accompanied by
fatigue or fever.
MEDICATION CONTRAINDICATION MECHANISM OF ACTION SIDE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITY
Generic Name: Patients with Angiotensin-converting – dizziness – Monitor BUN, creatinine, and
hypersensitivity and enzyme (ACE) inhibitors – cough electrolyte levels periodically.
Enalapril history of block the conversion of – hypotension – Serum potassium may be
angioedema with – rashes increased and BUN and
Brand Name: angiotensin I to the
previous use of ACE – hyperkalemia creatinine concentrations
inhibitors. Use vasoconstrictor angiotensin – angioedema occur, dosage reduction or
Vasotec cautiously in patients II. ACE inhibitors also withdrawal may be required.
with renal prevent the degradation of – Monitor CBC periodically
Dosage and
impairment, bradykinin and other during therapy in patient with
Route: hypovolemia, collagen vascular disease
vasodilatory
hyponatremia, prostaglandins. ACE and/or renal disease.
concurrent diuretic – May rarely cause slight
inhibitors also increase
therapy (initial decrease in hemoglobin and
Classification: plasma renin levels and
dosage reduction hematocrit and
ACE Inhibitors reduce aldosterone levels.
recommended). Use agranulocytosis.
extreme caution in Net result is systemic – May cause elevated AST, ALT,
patients with a vasodilation. Indicated for alkaline phosphatase and
family history of the treatment of serum bilirubin.
angioedema. hypertension.
MEDICATION INDICATION MECHANISM OF SIDE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITY
ACTION
Generic Name: Treatment of Inhibits the second Common side effects; Be sure to teach the patient
Vancomycin potentially life- stage of cell wall ototoxicity, hypotension, the following about this
threatening synthesis of nausea, vomiting, medication;
Brand Name: infections when susceptible bacteria. nephrotoxicity, rashes, - Report signs of
Vancocin less toxic anti- There is also eosinophilia, leukopenia, hypersensitivity,
infective are evidence that phlebitis, back and neck pain, tinnitus, vertigo or
Dosage and contraindicated. vancomycin alters hypersensitivity reactions hearing loss.
Route: Particularly useful the permeability of including anaphylaxis, chills, - Report If there is no
in staphylococcal the cell membrane fever, red-man syndrome improvement in a
Classification: infections, and selectively (with rapid infusion), few days.
Anti-infective including inhibits ribonucleic superinfection. - Heart patients need
Endocarditis, acid synthesis. to be taught
Meningitis, importance of using
Osteomyelitis, antimicrobial
pneumonia, prophylaxis prior to
septicicemia, soft invasive dental or
tissue infections in medical procedures.
patients who have
allergies to
penicillin or its
derivatives.
MEDICATION INDICATION MECHANISM OF SIDE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITY
ACTION
Generic Chronic stable Inhibits calcium ion CNS: headache, – Alert: Monitor patient carefully. Some patients,
Name: angina, influx across somnolence, especially those with severe obstructive
vasospastic cardiac and fatigue, dizziness , coronary artery disease, have developed
Amlodipine angina smooth-muscle light-headedness, increased frequency, duration or severity of
besylate (Prinzmetal or cells, dilates paresthesia angina or acute MI after initiation of calcium
variant coronary arteries CV: edema, channel blocker therapy or at time of dosage
Brand Name: angina). and arterioles and flushing, increase.
Hypertension decreases blood palpitations – Monitor blood pressure frequently during
Norvasc pressure and GI: nausea, initiation of therapy. Because drug-induced
myocardial oxygen abdominal pain vasodilation has a gradual onset, acute
Classification:
demand. GU: sexual hypotension is rare.
difficulties – Notify prescriber if signs of heart failure occur,
Calcium
Musculoskeletal: such as swelling of hands and feet or shortness
channel
muscle pain of breath.
blocker
RESPIRATORY: – Alert: Abrupt withdrawal of drug may increase
dyspnea frequency and duration of chest pain. Taper
SKIN: rash dose gradually under medical supervision.
pruritus – Look alike-sound alike: Don’t confuse
amlodipine with amiloride.
MEDICATION INDICATION MECHANISM OF ACTION SIDE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITY
Generic Name: Treatment of It is similar to that of other CNS: headache, – Obtain history of
moderate to severe penicillin’s. Interfere with insomnia, fever hypersensitivity to penicillin,
Piperacillin/ appendicitis, bacterial cell wall synthesis cephalosporin, or other drugs
Tazovactam prior to administration.
uncomplicated and promotes loss of GI: diarrhea,
– Obtain specimen for culture
Brand Name: complicated skin and membrane integrity and nausea, and sensitivity prior to first
skin structure leads to death of the constipation, dose of the drug: start drug
Zosyn infections, organism. vomiting, pending results. Periodic CBC
nosocomial or pseudomembran with differential, platelet
community-acquired ous colitis count, Hgb and Hgt, and serum
pneumonia caused electrolytes.
Classification: –
piperacillin-resistant, SKIN:
Anti-infective; piperacillin/ hypersensitivity
Beta-lactam tazobactam reactions, rash,
antibiotic; anti- susceptible, beta- pruritus
pseudomonal lactamase-producing
penicillin bacteria.
MEDICATION INDICATION MECHANISM OF SIDE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITY
ACTION
Generic Infections caused by Inhibits CV: – Obtain specimen for culture and
Name: sensitive staphylococci, bacterial thrombophlebitis sensitivity tests before giving first
streptococci, pneumococci, protein GI: nausea, dose. Therapy may begin pending
Clindamycin Bacteroides, synthesis by abdominal pain, results.
Hydrochloride Fusobacterium, Clostidium binding to the pseudomembranou – For IM administration, inject deep into
Brand Name: perfringens and other 50S subunit of s colitis, diarrhea, muscle. Rotate sites. Don’t exceed 600
sensitive aerobic and the ribosome. vomiting mg per injection.
Cleocin HCl, anaerobic organisms. Pelvic Hematologic: – IM injection may raise CK level in
inflammatory disease. thrombocytopenia, response to muscle irritation.
Classification:
transient leukemia, – Don’t refrigerate reconstituted oral
Pneumocystic jiroveci eosinophilia solution because it will thicken. Drug is
Lincomycin
(carinii) pneumonia. Hepatic: jaundice stable for 2 weeks at room
derivative
CNS toxoplasmosis in AIDS SKIN: temperature.
patients, as alternative to maculopapular – Monitor renal, hepatic and
sulfonamides with rash, urticarial hematopoietic functions during
pyrimethamine. Other: anaphylaxis prolonged therapy.
– Observe patient for signs and
symptoms of superinfection.
