Etawah is a city on the banks of Yamuna River in the state of Western Uttar Pradesh in India.

It
is the administrative headquarters of Etawah District. Etawah's population of 256,838 (as per
2011 population census) makes it the one hundred and eightieth-most populous city in India.
[1]
 The city lies 300 km (190 mi) northeast of the national capital New Delhi, and 190 km (120 mi)
northwest of the state capital Lucknow
Etawah is about 120 km east of Agra and is about 165 km west of Kanpur. The city was an
important centre for the Indian Rebellion of 1857. It is also the sangam or confluence of the
Yamuna and Chambal rivers. It is the 26th most populous city in Uttar Pradesh.

Contents

 1Demographics
 2History
o 2.1Ancient era
o 2.2Revolt of 1857
o 2.3Modern history and economy
 3Climate
 4Politics
 5Transport
o 5.1Air
o 5.2Rail
o 5.3Road
 6Education
o 6.1Colleges
o 6.2Schools
 7Places of interest
o 7.1Etawah Safari Park
o 7.2National Chambal Sanctuary
o 7.3Sarsai Nawar Wetland
o 7.4Agra-Etawah Cycle Highway
 8Notable Buildings
o 8.1Religious
 9Notable people
 10References
 11External links

Demographics[edit]
See also: List of cities in Uttar Pradesh by population
As per 2011 census, Etawah city had a population of 257,838 - an increase of 22% from 211,460
in 2001 census. (The entire Etawah district had a population of 1,581,810 in 2011.) The literacy
rate was 82.89 per cent.[1][2]

History[edit]
Ancient era[edit]
An engraving of ruins at Etawah, in the first half of the 19th century AD

This region is believed to have existed even in the Bronze Age. The earliest Aryans who lived
here were the Panchalas. They are said to have had close connections with Kurus.[citation needed]
The Guptas, Kanvas, Kanishka, Naga kings ruled over this area. In the fourth century A.D., it was
part of united India under the Guptas.
During the ninth and tenth centuries, this region was governed by Gurjara Pratihara rulers. The
conquest of Kannauj by Nagabhata II handed Pratiharas control over this region. During the reign
of Gurjara Pratihara monarch Mihir Bhoj, the region is mentioned as prosperous, safe from
thieves and rich in natural resources.[3]
In 1244, Ghiyas ud din Balban attacked the region.[4]

Revolt of 1857[edit]
During the First War of Independence in 1857, major disturbances occurred in Etawah and the
district was occupied by the freedom fighters from June to December. British rule was not
completely restored till the end of 1858.[5]

Modern history and economy[edit]

Etawah has experienced modernization and development under British Raj and in the post-
independence period.
The district is partly watered by branches of the Ganges canal.[5]
It is traversed by the main line of the Indian railway (northern zone) from Delhi to Howrah
(Calcutta).
Cotton, oilseeds, Potato and other agricultural produce are grown and exported. [5] Special breed
of goat Jamunapaari and special breed of buffalo Bhadawari are raised and exported.
The region has a 652 MW natural gas-based power generation plant. However, it lacks
manufacturing industries.
Etawah was known for its handloom products; most of them are converted into power
looms thanks to the advent of better technology. 'Etawah' is derived from the burner of bricks
(where bricks are made); it has thousands of brick centre between its boundaries.

Climate[edit]
hideClimate data for Etawah (1982–2010, extremes 198
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
29.0 36.1 42.0 46.4 48.6 47.6
Record high °C (°F)
(84.2) (97.0) (107.6) (115.5) (119.5) (117.7)
19.9 25.0 31.5 39.5 41.7 40.1
Average high °C (°F)
(67.8) (77.0) (88.7) (103.1) (107.1) (104.2)
 6.8 10.3 14.6 19.9 24.9 26.5
Average low °C (°F)
(44.2) (50.5) (58.3) (67.8) (76.8) (79.7)
0.4 2.6 6.8 7.5 11.4 14.2
Record low °C (°F)
(32.7) (36.7) (44.2) (45.5) (52.5) (57.6)
9.1 13.1 5.3 2.5 15.1 40.3
Average rainfall mm (inches)
(0.36) (0.52) (0.21) (0.10) (0.59) (1.59)
Average rainy days 0.8 1.0 0.5 0.4 1.1 2.4
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) 66 56 45 33 34 48
Source: India Meteorological Department[6]

Politics[edit]
Until the 1980s, the regional politics was largely dominated by the Congress. The region saw
several changes in the succeeding decades which led to a reconfiguration of political power. Until
the 80s the upper castes often used coercion to get votes from the lower caste majority in the
region. The lower castes began to assert themselves much more forcefully. Two leaders,
Chaudhary Charan Singh, a Jat leader who briefly became prime minister in 1979, and Mulayam
Singh Yadav became faces for opposition to the Congress. Moreover, dacoits from backward
castes strengthened, asserting control over land and political power.[7]

Transport[edit]
Air[edit]
City is served by Saifai Domestic Airport, which is around 15 km from city center. The airport has
only unscheduled chartered flights. The nearest domestic airport is at Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi
Airport which is 175 km. The nearest International Airport is Chaudhary Charan Singh
International Airport located at a distance of around 220 km.

Rail[edit]
hide

Mainpuri-Etawah Branch Railway

Line

Legend

Towards
Farrukhabad
on Kasganj-
Kanpur route

Mainpuri

Towards
Shikohabad
on Tundla-
Etawah-
Kanpur route
Keerath Pur
Karhal
 Vaidhpura
Etawah

Etawah Jn

Etawah Junction railway station is the main station of the city as well as of the Howrah-Delhi
main line and Guna - Etawah Rail Line . It is a class A station of Allahabad division of North
Central Railways. It has a secondary railway line to Agra via reserved sanctuary area. Etawah -
Mainpuri line is also constructed and train is running between Etawah and Mainpuri. One another
railway line from Etawah to Bindki is to be constructed. It has halt for fastest trains like Kanpur
New Delhi Shatabdi Express, Lucknow Swarna Shatabdi Express and many more. Etawah
Junction is one of the cleanest railway station of Indian Railways. Necessary basic amenities like
water taps, pay and use toilets, bridges, platform shed, waiting hall, railway enquiry window,
computerized reservation hall, ATMs, food stalls, train announcement system, train display
boards, infotainment screens, wheelchair accessible ramp can be found at station. Sooner, we
will find platform - coach indicators and escalators to the bridge at the station. The city is also
served by four other railway stations viz. Udi Junction, Sarai Bhopat, Ekdil and Vaidhpura.

Road[edit]
Etawah is well-connected by roads with the rest of Uttar Pradesh state. Etawah is the regional
office of Etawah Region of UP Roadways and Sarsai City Bus Stand one of the largest and
busiest bus station of state. It has buses for all cities of Uttar Pradesh as well as for all
neighbouring states. It has buses to Delhi for every 15 minutes. National Highway 19 passes
through Etawah, connecting it to important cities
like Delhi, Mathura, Agra, Kanpur, Allahabad, Varanasi, Gurugram, Dhanbad and Kolkata. There
are three big cities namely Gwalior, Agra and Kanpur, near Etawah with well connected roads.
Agra Lucknow Expressway have various cuts, from where roads connect it to city like with
Farrukhabad Road near Baralokpur, with Etawah - Mainpuri State Highway near Karhal, with NH
19 near Bhadan.
Within the city, auto-rickshaw and cycle rickshaw are the major forms of transport. Bus services
run at high frequencies. Etawah city is waiting for city bus services as it was announced by UPA
government to run 85 city buses to connect the city and to develop a ring road around the city.
City buses will be available from Sai City Udaypur in North to Udi More in South, from Sarai
Bhopat in the west to Pilkhar in the east. It will cover 50 km (approx.) distance if starts.

Education