ST. ANDREW MONTESSORI AND HIGH SCHOOL INC.
,
NANCAYASAN, URDANETA CITY, PANGASINAN
S.Y. 2020-2021
TLE/ EPP 4
Lesson 3. The Plants
Plants are mainly living organisms, predominantly grows under the process of
photosynthesis.
Historically, plants were treated as one of two kingdoms including all living things that
were not animals, and all algae and fungi were treated as plants.
Green plants obtain most of their energy from sunlight via photosynthesis by primary
through chloroplasts. Their chloroplasts contain chlorophylls, which gives them their green
color. Some plants are parasitic and have lost the ability to produce normal amounts of
chlorophyll or to photosynthesize, but still have flowers, fruits, and seeds. Plants are
characterized by sexual reproduction and alternation of generations, although asexual
reproduction is also common.
There are about 320,000 species of plants, of which the great majority, some 260–290
thousand, produce seeds. Green plants provide a substantial proportion of the world's
molecular oxygen, and are the basis of most of Earth's ecosystems. Plants that
produce grain, fruit, and vegetables also form basic human foods and have
been domesticated for years. Plants have many cultural and other uses, as
ornaments, building materials, writing material and, in great variety, they have been
the source of medicines and psychoactive drugs. The scientific study of plants is known
as botany, a branch of biology.
Parts of Plants and Their Functions
Plants are an important part of human life and vegetation as well. They are very beneficial to
us and give us a lot of things. We are surrounded by plants, but have you ever stopped to notice the
parts of a plant? All parts of plants are important and carry out different functions. All of them come
together to perform their respective functions for the healthy life of the plant. We will dig deep into
the parts of plants and their functions.
Functions of Parts of Plants
Function of Roots
A plant has roots that grow in the ground. This underground part plays a very important role in
pulling the water and minerals so they can reach the plant. Furthermore, it also expands within the
ground so that for better water absorption the water increases.
Roots also play the role of anchors which helps in creating better stability. In addition, the roots also
fuse the development of the plant and stock reserve food material. They also store food that binds
the soil together.
Function of Stem
The stem is the part that stays above the ground. A stem usually bears leaves, fruits plus flowers. It
distributes the nutrients and minerals all the way from the plant to the leaves. Furthermore, the stem
is the support system of the plant.
Moreover, it shields the plant and assists in asexual dissemination. The thorns of a stem protect it
from animals as well. The growth of a stem takes place upwards allowing leaves to reach the
sunlight for photosynthesis.
Function of Leaf
It is safe to say that a leaf is one of the most important parts of a plant. It contains chlorophyll which
assists the plants in preparation for food. Moreover, the veins of a leaf allow the flowing of nutrients
plus water.
A leaf has three basic parts which are petiole, leaf base and lamina. The leaves of the plant help in
photosynthesis. Moreover, they help in removing any excess water via stomata. In short, it is for
transpiration.
Moreover, some plants have leaves which also assist in the process of reproduction. Thus, leaves
perform a number of functions, which helps the plant grow healthier.
Function of Flower
The bright and beautiful part of the plant which you see is the flower. They play a role in making
food. A flower has female as well as male parts. Both of these work collectively to fertilize the plant
so it can produce seeds.
A flower consists of four basic parts, which are petals, sepals, stamens, and pistil. The petals attract
insects and birds in order to pollinate them. After that, the flower buds are protected by sepals.
Similarly, the stamens which are the male part and the pistil that is the female part help in the
reproduction system.
Questions on Parts of Plants
Question- Which of the following is the female part of the flower?
A. Petals
B. Sepals
C. Stamens
D. Pistil
Answer: The correct answer is option D. The pistil is the female part of the plant It holds the
structure that becomes the fruits and seeds. It consists of three functional parts which are stigma,
style, and ovary. It helps in the reproductive system as when stamens or birds or bees drop pollen
onto the pistil, it pulls in the pollen. Then it begins to yield a fruit that will develop and help diffuse
the seed of the plant.
Activity:
Search for the following and draw it in an oslo paper to be pass on Monday:
Parts of a Plants
Leaf Parts
Parts of a Flower
Prepared by:
Reynaldo C. Paris
Subject Teacher
