ON Semiconductor

CA3059
Zero Voltage Switch
This series is designed for thyristor control in a variety of AC power ZERO VOLTAGE
switching applications for AC input voltages of 24 V, 120 V,
208/230 V, and 277 V @ 50/60 Hz.
SWITCH
Applications:
SEMICONDUCTOR
• Relay Control
TECHNICAL DATA
• Valve Control
• Heater Control
• Lamp Control
• On–Off Motor Switching
• Differential Comparator with Self–Contained Power Supply for 14
Industrial Applications
• Synchronous Switching of Flashing Lights
1

PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 646

ORDERING INFORMATION
2
VCC Operating
Device Temperature Range Package
RS 5
Power
Limiter VCC CA3059 TA = – 40° to +85°C Plastic DIP
AC Supply
Input Current RL
Boost 3
Zero
Crossing
12 Detector
AC MT2
Input DC Mode or
Voltage 400 Hz Input

100 RP 14 Protection Triac 4

µF + Circuit Drive MT1 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK
Gate DESCRIPTION
15 - 13 +
V On/Off 1. Limiter–Power Supply — Allows operation of
Sensing the CA3059 directly from an AC line. Suggested
Amp dropping resistor (RS) values are given in the table
9 - below.
2. Differential On/Off Sensing Amplifier — Tests
*
RX 10 VCC for condition of external sensors or input command
signals. Proportional control capability or hysteresis
11
may be implemented using this block.
3. Zero–Crossing Detector — Synchronizes the
8 1 6 output pulses to the zero voltage point of the AC cycle.
Gnd 7 Inhibit External Trigger This synchronization eliminates RFI when used with
* NTC Sensor
resistive loads.
4. Triac Drive — Supplies high–current pulses to
Figure 1. Representative Block Diagram the external power controlling thyristor.
5. Protection Circuit — A built–in circuit may be
actuated, if the sensor opens or shorts, to remove the
AC Input Voltage Input Series Dissipation Rating drive current from the external triac.
(50/60 Hz) Resistor (RS) for RS 6. Inhibit Capability — Thyristor firing may be
inhibited by the action of an internal diode gate at
Vac kΩ W Pin 1.
24 2.0 0.5 7. High Power DC Comparator Operation —
Operation in this mode is accomplished by connecting
120 10 2.0 Pin 7 to Pin 12 (thus overriding the action of the
208/230 20 4.0 zero–crossing detector). When Pin 13 is positive with
respect to Pin 9, current to the thyristor is continuous.
277 25 5.0

 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2001 1 Publication Order Number:

August, 2001 – Rev. 1 CA3059/D
 CA3059

MAXIMUM RATINGS
Rating Symbol Value Unit
DC Supply Voltage VCC Vdc
(Between Pins 2 and 7) 12
DC Supply Voltage VCC Vdc
(Between Pins 2 and 8) 12
Peak Supply Current (Pins 5 and 7) I5,7 ± 50 mA
Fail–Safe Input Current (Pin 14) I14 2.0 mA
Output Pulse Current (Pin 4) (Note 1) Iout 150 mA
Junction Temperature TJ 150 °C
Operating Temperature Range TA – 40 to + 85 °C
Storage Temperature Range Tstg – 65 to + 150 °C

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Operation @ 120 Vrms, 50–60 Hz, TA = 25°C [Note 2])
Characteristic Figure Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
DC Supply Voltage 2 VS Vdc
Inhibit Mode
RS = 10 k, IL = 0 6.1 6.5 7.0
RS = 5.0 k, IL = 2.0 mA — 6.1 —
Pulse Mode
RS = 10 k, IL = 0 6.0 6.4 7.0
RS = 5.0 k, RL = 2.0 mA — 6.2 —
Gate Trigger Current 3 IGT — 160 — mA
(VGT = 1.0 V, Pins 3 and 2 connected)
Peak Output Current, Pulsed 3 IOM mA
With Internal Power Supply, VGT = 0
Pin 3 Open 50 125 —
Pins 3 and 2 Connected 90 190 —
With External Power Supply, VCC = 12 V, VGT = 0 4
Pin 3 Open — 230 —
Pins 3 and 2 Connected — 300 —
Inhibit Input Ratio 5 V9/V2 0.465 0.485 0.520 —
(Ratio of Voltage @ Pin 9 to Pin 2)
Total Gate Pulse Duration (CExt = 0) 6 µs
Positive dv/dt tp 70 100 140
Negative dv/dt tn 70 100 140
Pulse Duration After Zero Crossing 6 µs
(CExt = 0, RExt =
)
Positive dv/dt tp1 — 50 —
Negative dv/dt tn1 — 60 —
Output Leakage Current Inhibit Mode (Note 3) 3 I4 — 0.001 10 µA
Input Bias Current 7 IIB — 0.15 1.0 µA
Co
Common o Mode
ode Input
u Voltage
o age Range
a ge — VCMR — 1.4 to 5.0 — Vdc
(Pins 9 and 13 Connected)

Inhibit Input Voltage 8 V1 — 1.4 1.6 Vdc

External Trigger Voltage — V6–V4 — 1.4 — Vdc
NOTES: 1. Care must be taken, especially when using an external power supply, that total package dissipation is not exceeded.
2. The values given in the Electrical Characteristics Table at 120 V also apply for operation at input voltages of 24 V, 208/230 V, and 277 V, except for
Pulse Duration test. However, the series resistor (RS) must have the indicated value, shown in Table A for the specified input voltage.
3. I4 out of Pin 4, 2.0 V on Pin 1, S1 position 2.

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 CA3059

TEST CIRCUITS
(All resistor values are in ohms)
9 10 11
RS
10 k
4.6 k
Pulse 5
AC Line 4
0.3 k 13 2 IOM
7 Oscilloscope
or 1Ω
With
IGT ± 1%
Inhibit High-Gain
Input

4.6 k RL
RS
5 VS

AC Line 11 8 13 2 3
100 µF
7
S1
1 VGT
IL 2
5k 5k
External
8 4 9 10 Load
Current 100 µF

Figure 2. DC Supply Voltage Figure 3. Peak Output (Pulsed) and Gate

Trigger Current with Internal Power Supply

100 µF
9 10 11 6
3 2
5k 5k
RS
10 k
5
RS 120 Vrms
10 k 13 60 Hz 4
12 7
120 Vrms
4
60 Hz
7 11 Oscilloscope
With
10 IOM 1Ω High-Gain 8 13 14 2
9 ± 1% Input
8
VGT R1 R2
5
100 µF

Figure 4. Peak Output Current (Pulsed) Figure 5. Input Inhibit Ratio

with External Power Supply

Gate Pulse
AC Line
Positive Negative
dv/dt dv/dt

Zero
Voltage
tP1 tN1 VCC = 6.0 V
9 tN
tP 10
RS
5 11 2
120 10 k 4
Vrms 60 CExt Oscilloscope
Hz 7 With
1k High-Gain
Input + 3.0 V 9

12 8 13 2
IIB
5k 5k
RExt 13 7 8
100 µF

Figure 6. Gate Pulse Duration Test Circuit Figure 7. Input Bias Current Test Circuit
with Associated Waveform

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 CA3059

TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS

IOM, PEAK OUTPUT CURRENT (PULSED) [mA]

10 k
5 9
10
300
1
1 250
4
1
Pins 2 and 3 Connected
2 200
14
7 13 39 k 150 Pin 3 Open
8 VI
100
120 Vrms, 60 Hz
50 Gate Voltage = 0
R1 R2
0
5k 5k 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10 11 12
EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)

Figure 8. Inhibit Input Voltage Test Figure 9. Peak Output Current (Pulsed)
versus External Power Supply Voltage
IOM, PEAK OUTPUT CURRENT (PULSED) [mA]

120 Vrms, 60Hz

160 140
TOTAL PULSE WIDTH ( µ s)

130

140 120
120 Vrms, 60 Hz Operation
110

120 100
120 Vrms, 60 Hz
Gate Voltage = 0 90

100 80
- 40 - 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 - 40 - 20 0 20 40 60 80 100
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 10. Peak Output Current (Pulsed) Figure 11. Total Pulse Width versus
versus Ambient Temperature Ambient Temperature

120 Vrms, 60 Hz
0.52
V9 /V 2, INHIBIT VOLTAGE RATIO
VS, INTERNAL SUPPLY (V)

7.0 0.50

6.8 0.48

6.6 0.46
Inhibit Mode
6.4 0.44

6.2 0.42

6.0 0.40
- 40 - 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 - 40 - 20 0 20 40 60 80 100
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)

Figure 12. Internal Supply versus Figure 13. Inhibit Voltage Ratio versus
Ambient Temperature Ambient Temperature

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 CA3059

RP Rx

CF + NTC Sensor
100 µF 2 Inhibit 1 13
-
15 V Input

10 k 50 k
15
10
3 Current
Boost

9 8 25
70 µA

RS 85 k 9.6 k
AC Line 35 µA
Input 5 11

30 k
5k
30 k
50 k 4
30 k To
Thyristor
53 µA 150 µA Gate

12 14 7 6
For DC Mode Fail-Safe To For
or 400 Hz Input Common External
Operation Trigger
NOTE: Current sources are established by an internal reference.

Figure 14. Circuit Schematic

APPLICATION INFORMATION
Power Supply b. Sensor Resistance (RX) and RP values should be
The CA3059 is a self–powered circuit, powered from the between 2 kΩ and 100 kΩ.
AC line through an appropriate dropping resistor (see c. The relationship 0.33 < RX/RP < 3 must be met over
Table A). The internal supply is designed to power the the anticipated temperature range to prevent
auxiliary power circuits. undesired activation of the circuit. A shunt or series
In applications where more output current from the resistor may have to be added.
internal supply is required, an external power supply of
higher voltage should be used. To use an external power External Inhibit Function
supply, connect Pin 5 and Pin 7 together and apply the A priority inhibit command applied to Pin 1 will remove
synchronizing voltage to Pin 12 and the DC supply voltage current drive from the thyristor. A command of at least
to Pin 2 as shown in Figure 4. +1.2 V @ 10 µA is required. A DTL or TTL logic 1 applied
to Pin 1 will activate the inhibit function.
Operation of Protection Circuit
The protection circuit, when connected, will remove DC Gate Current Mode
current drive from the triac if an open or shorted sensor is When comparator operation is desired or inductive loads
detected. This circuit is activated by connecting Pin 13 to are being switched, Pins 7 and 12 should be connected. This
Pin 14 (see Figure 1). connection disables the zero–crossing detector to permit the
The following conditions should be observed when the flow of gate current from the differential sensing amplifier
protection circuit is utilized: on demand. Care should be exercised to avoid possible
a. The internal supply should be used and the external overloading of the internal power supply when operating the
load current must be limited to 2 mA with a 5 kΩ device in this mode. A resistor should be inserted between
dropping resistor. Pin 4 and the thyristor gate in order to limit the current.

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 CA3059

PACKAGE DIMENSIONS

PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 646–06
ISSUE M

NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
14 8 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
3. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN
B FORMED PARALLEL.
4. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH.
1 7 5. ROUNDED CORNERS OPTIONAL.

INCHES MILLIMETERS
A DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX
A 0.715 0.770 18.16 18.80
F L B 0.240 0.260 6.10 6.60
C 0.145 0.185 3.69 4.69
D 0.015 0.021 0.38 0.53
N F 0.040 0.070 1.02 1.78
C G 0.100 BSC 2.54 BSC
H 0.052 0.095 1.32 2.41
–T– J 0.008 0.015 0.20 0.38
K 0.115 0.135 2.92 3.43
SEATING
PLANE L 0.290 0.310 7.37 7.87
K J M --- 10
--- 10

H G D 14 PL M N 0.015 0.039 0.38 1.01

0.13 (0.005) M

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 CA3059

Notes

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 CA3059

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without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular
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including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or
specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be
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