UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

Centre for Diploma Studies

__________________________________________________________________
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
LAPORAN BENGKEL / WORKSHOP REPORT

Nama Mata Pelajaran /

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING WORKSHOP
Subject Name
Nama Bengkel / Workshop TURNING / LATHE
Name
Kod Kursus / Seksyen / Section
DAM 13701
Course Code 14
No. K. P / I. C
No.
Kumpulan / Group
030904010699 /
030419060545
Nama Pelajar / Name of MUHAMMAD HAZEEQ HILMAN No. Matrik
Student BIN ROSLI AA211798
Lecturer / Instructor / 1. ENCIK HAIRUL MUBARAK BIN HASSIM
Tutor’s Name 2.
Nama Ahli Kumpulan / No. Matrik
Penilaian / Assessment
Group Members
MUHAMMAD AA210794
1. AZZIEZULHAFIZ BIN Objektif /Objective 5%
MOHD AZLAN
Pengenalan /
2. 15 %
Introduction
3. Keselamatan /Safety 10 %
4. Prosedur / Procedure 20 %
Pemerhatian /
5. 15 %
Observation
6. Result / Keputusan 15 %
Tarikh Amali / 10/11/2021 Kesimpulan /
15 %
Date of Practical 17/11/2021 Conclusion
Tarikh Hantar / Rujukan /
5%
Date of Submission References
JUMLAH / TOTAL 100 %
ULASAN PEMERIKSA / COMMENTS COP DITERIMA / APPROVED
STAMP
1.OBJECTIVE

- To practice the theory and enhance the skill on lathe machining operation

- To increase understanding by using the practical method.

- Know how to operate and create the object manually using the lathe machine.

2. INTRODUCTION

Turning is a machining operation in which a cutting tool, usually a non-rotary tool bit,
moves linearly while the workpiece rotates, describing a helical toolpath. Typically, the
phrase "turning" refers to the cutting activity used to create external surfaces, whereas
"boring" refers to the same cutting action used to create internal surfaces (holes of
various types). As a result, the term "turning and boring" is used to describe a larger
group of procedures known as lathing. Face cutting, whether with a turning or boring
tool, is referred to as "facing," and it can be classified as a subset of either category.

Turning can be done manually on a typical lathe, which often necessitates constant
operator supervision, or automatically on an automated lathe, which does not. Computer
numerical control, or CNC, is the most frequent method of such automation today. (In
addition to turning, CNC is commonly used for a variety of other forms of machining.)

To generate accurate diameters and depths, the workpiece (a piece of relatively stiff
material such as wood, metal, plastic, or stone) is rotated and a cutting tool is traversed
along 1, 2, or 3 axes of motion. To make tubular components with diverse geometries,
turning can be done on the outside of the cylinder or on the interior (also known as
boring). Early lathes could even be used to make complicated geometric shapes,
including platonic solids, though using non-computerized toolpath control for this
purpose has become uncommon since the development of CNC.

The turning processes are typically carried out on a lathe, considered to be the oldest of
machine tools, and can be of different types such as straight turning, taper turning,
profiling or external grooving. Those types of turning processes can produce various
shapes of materials such as straight, conical, curved, or grooved workpieces. In general,
turning uses simple single point cutting tools. Each group of workpiece materials has an
optimum set of tool angles that have been developed through the years. Turning specific
operations include turning, facing, parting, and grooving. Turning non-specific
operation include boring, drilling, knurling, reaming, treading, and polygonal turning.

3. SAFETY

1. Wear a proper dress, and protected safety google.

2. All machine guards should be in place prior to starting up a lathe machine.

3. Report any unsafe or dangerous practices by those around you to the person in

charge.

4. Be careful when handling tools or sharp-edged work piece to avoid getting cut, use

shop towel to protect your hands.

5. The cutting tools need to be securely fastened in the machine spindle to prevent and

movement during the cutting operation. Excessive feed rates can break the cutting

tool.

6. Never leave a running machine unattended.

7. After finishing the cutting session, stop the spinning then do not touch the metal to

avoid the heat from the metal.

8. Stop running the metal spinning machine after finishing the cutting tools.
 4. PROJECT PROCEDURE

1. Measure the total length and the diameter of the workpiece.

2. Fix the workpiece in machine chuck.

3. Face cutting at point A (1 mm)

4. Take out the workpiece from the chuck fix at reverse the direction

5. Face cutting at point B (1 mm)

6. Take out the workpiece and measure the total length.

7. Fix the workpiece and face cutting until 62 mm (1 mm max each time)

8. Make small boring at point B

Make a boring as dimension required in the drawing. (Point B).

9. Straight turning (total length > 41 mm, from B) until the diameter is 16 mm

(Max 1 mm each time).

10. Fix the workpiece in machine chuck.

11. Straight turning (total length = 22 mm, from B) until the diameter is 16 mm

(Max 1 mm each time)

12. Take out the workpiece from tfix at reverse the direction

13. Straight turning (total length = 21, from A) until the diameter is 18 mm

(Max 1 mm each time).

14. Rotate your machine to 45 degrees.

15. Taper turning at point A.

16. After finish do the project, cleaning out the machines and surrounding using

brush, vacuum, and broom.

5. WORKPIECE OBSERVATION

 The lathe cutting tool should be tightened so that the project does not scratch

and the project becomes neat.

 The cutting should be cut not more than 1mm so as not to damage the eye of

the lathe cutting tool.

 Turning the knobs on the machine should be done slowly to keep the project

looking clean.

 The final workpiece measurement differs a little bit from the actual

measurement due to measuring innacuracy.

6. RESULT
 7. CONCLUSION

In conclusion, this project provides a lot of knowledge about the basics of a Lathe
machine. Among them are related to the functions of the Lathe machine, procedures,
how to use the Lathe machine and others. This project helps students to be more
creative and innovative in working on a project.In a nutshell, the lathe technique is used
to eliminate unnecessary pieces from a workpiece. We also learn how to utilise lathe
equipment like drilling. The finished product contains some apparent flaws, such as
measuring mistakes and a not-so smooth surface after cutting. This flaw is the result of
difficulties that occurred during the procedure, such as the eyes not being perpendicular
when collecting readings and the cutting process being rushed.
There was insufficient lighting and the eyes were not perpendicular during the marking
to drill procedure, resulting in an error. Find a location with enough illumination, or use
your phone as a light source, and make sure your eyes are perpendicular when making
the mark for the lathe operation.
8. REFERENCES

a) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turning#Turning_operations

b) Lindley, J., Coulton, P., and Akmal, H. (2018) Turning Philosophy with a

Speculative Lathe: object-oriented ontology, carpentry, and design fiction, in

Storni, C., Leahy, K., McMahon, M., Lloyd, P. and Bohemia, E. (eds.), Design

as a catalyst for change - DRS International Conference 2018, 25-28 June,

Limerick, Ireland. https://doi.org/10.21606/drs.2018.327

c) http://itdc.lbcc.edu/cps/machineTool/machiningOperations/machiningOperatio

nsALT/machiningOperations.htm

d) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=evd3hjUuDPY