DESIGN WIEN BRIDGE OSCILLATORS FOR
MEDIUM FREQUENCY IN LTSPICE
*1st Indra Yasri 2nd Aris Setiawan
Faculty of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering
Universitas Riau,Indonesia Universitas Riau,Indonesia
yusnita.rahayu@lecturer.unri.ac.id aris.setiawan3989@student.unri.ac.id
XXX-X-XXXX-XXXX-X/XX/$XX.00 ©20XX IEEE
Abstract— Implants are medical devices that replace a
biological part's structure and function. There are two main
types of implants, ceramic and metal. Ceramic implants are
made from a light-wear material and can be fragile, but they
last longer than metal implants. Metal implants are common,
but they can become infected and require surgery to remove.
Implants can be used to replace knees, hips, shoulders, and
other parts of the body. They can help people with mobility (a) (b)
issues, injuries, and arthritis pain. The design of the antenna Figure 1. Antenna Geometry Design Based On Characterization.
model in this study uses a substrate with FR-4 (LOSS FREE)
(a). Front View and (b). Back View
material with a thickness of 1.6. The antenna design in the
reference journal uses a coplanar waveguide. The material of The antenna is designed using substrate
the feedline, patch, and ground components uses copper material FR-4 with a substrate thickness of 1.6 mm.
wanna lead with a thickness of 0.035 mm. The antenna feedlines, patch, and ground are made of copper (copper)
prototype is designed to operate in the ISM operating band of with a thickness of 0.035 mm.
2.4 GHz. The software used is CST Software in terms of
antenna design and simulation to determine the characteristics III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
or performance of microstrip antennas. 2.4 GHz is the optimal
frequency for this antenna and has a return loss of -39.96 with after all the components are arranged into a Wien
a bandwidth of 0,6649 GHz (664,9 MHz) when VSWR ≤ 2 bridge oscillator circuit with the magnitude of the
(1.0273). component value that has been determined based on the
Keywords—Implant, Hand, CST software, FR-4.
calculation, then the author can run a simulation circuit to
see the results of the frequency of the circuit that has been
I. INTRODUCTION made.
Radiofrequency is an electromagnetic wave that has a
frequency range from 3 kHz to 300 GHz. Radiofrequency
has many functions and each frequency division has a
different use. An example of its application is AM radio
on medium frequency.
II. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Design Wien Bridge Oscillators
The Wien bridge oscillator design on ltspice is
composed of 1 op amp, 1 gain resistor, 1 feedback resistor, 2
resistors, 2 voltages, and 2 capacitors. For the amount of
each component can be seen in Table 1:
TABLE 1. SPECIFICATION OF SUBSTRATE USED
Component Value
R1 374,672 Ω
R2 374,672 Ω
RG 10 kΩ
RF 20 kΩ
C1 1 nF
C2 1 nF
Vcc 12 V
Vee 12 V Figure 2. S-parameter characterization from beginning to end to
determine frequency and bandwidth.
TABLE 2. PARAMETER LIST BASED ON CHARACTERIZATION
Figure 3. S-parameter impedance view from the beginning of the
B. Antenna Geometry Based On Characterization characterization to the end
between the maximum value of the radiation intensity and
the average radiation intensity it emits.
Gain …[1]
Figure 4. Reference impedance
Where,
From Figures 2 to 4, it can be seen that (𝜃,𝜑) = Gain in a certain direction
changes from the graph above show changes in
parameter values for the better. By doing the (𝜃,𝜑) = Power radiated per unit angle
characterization, we get the results of the desired
Pm= Receive power from the antenna
frequency, which is 2.45 GHz, while the impedance is
50 ohms.
A. Smith chart
Figure 7. Fairfield 3D design view
In
Figure 5. S-parameter impedance view on the smith chart D. Current Flow
The
Smith chart is a component used to visualize the
impedance of transmission lines and antenna systems as a
function of frequency. The Smith chart can be used to
improve understanding of transmission lines and how
they are viewed from an impedance point of view. From
Figure 5 it can be seen that the Smith chart shows the
appropriate current, impedance, and frequency. Figure 8. Antenna Current During Simulation
IV.CONCLUSION
In this study,
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
B. Reflection Coefficient (S11) The author would like to thank my lecturer at the
University of Riau, Faculty of Engineering, Electrical
The result of the S-Parameter (S11) simulation of the Engineering Study Program, Dr. Indra Yasri M. Eng.
proposed antenna design is shown in Figure 6.
REFERENCES
Figure 6. Results of S-Parameter Microstrip Antenna
Based on the simulation results shown in Figure 6, the
desired frequency of 2.442 GHz is achieved with -13.71793
dB and a bandwidth of 325,6 MHz.
C. Gain, Directivity, and Radiation Pattern
When an antenna is used as a transmitting antenna, in
general, the radiated power is slightly less if compared to
the power provided by the transmitter at the supply terminal,
this is due to the efficiency factor in each antenna. Antenna
gain has a close relationship with directivity and efficiency
factors. The directivity of an antenna is defined as the ratio
