FINISHES

Concrete Surface Finishes

Stucco/Cement Plaster Finish Rubbed Finish Brushed Finish Tooled Finish

a cement-type mixture made of sand, Portland used for finishing hardened concrete using wet obtained by dragging a broom on the trowelled may be finished by tooling either by hand or
cement, lime, and water rubbing includes apply paints on a coating of surface of the concrete while the concrete is by pneumatic tool for finishing natural stone
often tinted to add color, rather than painted, cement with hand brush still fresh concrete should preferably be about 2
ensuring colorfastness Finishing process is conducted by slow speed creates small ridges that provide for traction months old
grinding disc, at the same time applying water control and slip-resistant

Sand Blast Finish Exposed Aggregate Finish Steel Trowelled Finish Integral Colored-Cement Finish
most common and popular finish of concrete Integral color is added to the concrete mix before
abrasive blasting technique used to blast to have leveled concrete floor surface, distribute
concrete away to expose the aggregate aggregate evenly, and keep air voids to as trowel is used to smooth and fine-level the installation begins
beneath it for a rough surface finish minimum as possible surface of concrete

Stamped Concrete Finish Salt Finish Swirl Finish Polished Concrete Finish
obtained by pressing the required patterns inserting coarse rock salt crystals using rollers on smearing the concrete surface in a uniformly grinding and polishing with the help of a penetrant
on the freshly levelled concrete the freshly placed concrete and washing it off after overlapping circular pattern chemical to provide different texture with the help
concrete has set of specialized equipment

Granolithic Finish
consists of rich concrete made with very hard and tough quality coarse aggregate (such as granite, basalt, quartzite, etc.)
The concrete mixture shall be 1:1:2 with a topping thickness between 13mm to 40mm
Should be laid in one layer and monolithic with the base, 2 layers if thickness exceeds 40mm

Terrazzo Finish Granite Finish Basalt Finish Quartzite

consists of chips of marble, granite, quartz, composed mostly of quartz, alkali feldspar, and a hard, black volcanic rock with less than about is a naturally occurring, metamorphic rock formed
glass, shell, or other suitable materials plagioclase 52 weight percent silica from Sandstone
Tile Finishes

Cement Tile Finish Ceramic Tile Finish

also called hydraulic tiles which are handmade clay-based, kiln-fired tiles made from a mixture of Types of Ceramic Tiles
colorful tiles water, sand, and clay Glazed Interior Tiles Ceramic Mosaic Tiles
made from a mix of sand, cement, color pigment, ideal for kitchens, baths, basements, laundry, and coated with a protective finish which can vary from made of natural clay that is fired in a kiln and then
and a marble powder that is poured into molds other moisture-prone areas matte to glossy is either glazed or unglazed

Quarry Tiles Pavers

is made for all sorts of heavy traffic commercial Usually made from concrete, brick or natural stone
flooring applications with spills and moisture The surface texture is usually rough and porous

Resilient Floor Finishes

are polymer floors engineered for comfort, flexibility and design
has special properties which allows it to be stretched, bent, or compressed and return to its original shape

Asphalt Tile and Sheet Finish Vinyl Tile and Sheet Finish Rubber Tile and Sheet Finish Linoleum Tile and Sheet Finish
made from a mixture of asphalts or synthetic resins made of pvc or resins, plasticizers (high molecular made from recycled materials such as tires, sports made of a mix of renewable natural materials such
asbestos fibres, pigments, and mineral fillers -weight solvents), pigments and trace stabilizers, equipment, and even shoes as a mixture of linseed oil, jute, cork powder, tree
developed for damp and alkaline conditions and a carrier sheet or backing resin and wood flours

Wood Floor Finishes

any product manufactured from timber that is designed for use as flooring, either structural or aesthetic

Strip Flooring Plank Flooring Parquet Tile Flooring

consists of tongue-and-grooved (T&G) boards 6” type of hardwood flooring made by arranging small
or less in width manufactured from timber and cut at 3 inches wide slats of wood in distinct, repeating patterns
but this can be customized as some homeowners
laid directly onto joists, battens over concrete, or choose planks between 10-20 inches wide and up installed by gluing, nailing, or stapling the tiles to
even nailed to old timber flooring and provides a to 16 feet long the subfloor
tight plank-to-plank fit
Ceiling Finishes

Gypsum Board Acoustic Tile

commonly known as drywall which is a specific board with a gypsum core and a tile made in various sizes and textures from soft, usually fibrous, sound-absorbing material, as wood,
paper facing cork, or metal, and typically applied to ceilings or walls
naturally occurring fire resistance from the gypsum in the core help absorb sound and reduce echo while also preventing sound from traveling to adjacent rooms

Regular Plasterboard Mineral Wool Tile

used as a covering material for walls, ceilings and made from recycled newspaper, perlite, fiberglass, mineral wool,
partition walls and binding agents
1200 mm width and from 2000 to 3600 mm length tend to have mold and mildew issues in areas with higher moisture
thicknesses are 9, 12.5 and 15 mm levels causing them to age more quickly

Water Resistant Gypsum Board Cellulose Fiber Tile

suitable for areas like bathrooms and kitchens
combined with a lightweight aggregate material and a binder to form
1200 mm width and length from 2000 to 3600 mm a composition which is used in a water-felting process to
thicknesses are 12.5 and 15 mm manufacture acoustical ceiling tiles and panels

Fire Resistant Gypsum Board Fiberglass Tile

convenient in interior walls and areas that require typically made from glass fibers encased in polymers
fire resistance
are often environmentally friendly building materials; lighter tiles can
1200 mm width and length from 2000 to 3600 mm also be mounted directly to the ceiling without sustaining damage
thicknesses are 12.5 and 15 mm from aging or sagging
generally noncombustible and possess effective sound absorption
characteristics
Moisture Resistant Gypsum Board
used as covering material for wall cladding
consists of an aerated gypsum core with water
repellent additives encased in

Local Supplier: Gyproc Saint Gobain, Excelcon, Boral, Knauf, Palmeco, Armstrong Local Supplier: Knauf, Ritemore, Skycon, Armstrong, Lexus Industrial, Palmeco

Paint Finishes

Wood Stains
Oil Wood Stain Water Stain Spirit/Alcohol Stain

For enhancing wood grain on interior wood works recommended for use on bare, interior wood high quality, pre-mixed alcohol based stain
and other surfaces such as cabinets, furniture, surfaces or surfaces from which the previous finish that give you beautiful bright, vibrant colors
paneling, etc has been removed that will be sure to impress
tendency to be dark in colour and are therefore a fast drying, semi-transparent wood stain that contain high levels of strong solvents, which
widely used for reproduction furniture cleans easily with soap and water evaporate into the atmosphere

Wood Fillers
is a sandable material that can be applied to nail holes, gouges, cracks, gaps, and imperfections on the wood surface
Paste Fillers Crack Fillers
used for sealing and filling open grains in interior designed for filling joints, hairline cracks etc
woodworks
is weather resistant and bonds extremely well to
produces a smoothened finish for the succeeding cementitious materials, gypsum, wood, galvanized
clear coats of varnish and primed antirust steel surfaces, etc
Shellac Varnish Lacquer
made by refining seed lac and its natural color is a resolution of resin in drying oil (oil varnish) or in a hard glossy coating made by dissolving
orange; white shellac is obtained by bleaching a voltatile solvent such as alcohol or turpentine cellulose derivatives or natural resins in a
is an under or a preparatory coat for varnish and Varnish should never be applied when the weather volatile solvent
wax finishes is moist or humid extremely intense gloss finish

Opaque Finishes
Paint
is a mixture containing pigment and a vehicle (a fluid portion of the paint)

Pigments
divided into white and colored pigments
Hiding or Active pigments
those which when mixed with the drying oil, produces an opaque finishing material
widely used active pigment is white lead

Extender pigments
inert pigments which when mixed with the drying oils possess very little hiding power
referred to as fillers, extenders or suspenders
serve to prevent the primary pigment from settling in a hard mass at the bottom of the paint can

Vehicle
liquid portion of the paint which consists of binder, drier and thinner
Binder forms the film
Drier speed up formulation of the film
Oil Drier used as vehicles in paints, varnishes, and printing inks
Liquid Drier used to accelerate the drying of resin in the paint

Thinner act as a solvent both for the materials of the paint and for the resin in the wood
surface thereby providing greater penetration and anchorage in the wood pores
The type of solvent used in a paint determines whether it is a water or oil based paint
Water based Water
Oil Based Organic Liquid

Types of Paint
Oil Paints Emulsion Paints Enamel Paints Bituminous Paint
oil-based solvent characterized by its slow-drying formulated using dissolved asphalt and/or tar
usually applied as a primer, undercoat and a finish are water-based paints with fast-drying
coat and are best suited for wooden and metallic characteristics, alkali resistant, rich in texture and abilities and hardness water-proof, but is generally not suited for areas
surfaces for home projects has stronger colour retention abilities high durability, strong adhesion, provide glossy exposed to the sun, since it deteriorates in sunlight
Use in non-humid areas since drying time takes does not leave an odor and dries quickly finish and are water and stain resistant used to coat pipes, irons, woods and external work
longer than 24 hours Mould and mildew resistance, Low VOC used in humid and wet spaces like bathrooms and Provides a protective, water-proof, weather proof,
Wall finishes like satin, egg shell, glossy, matte etc kitchen metals chemical and corrosion-resistant layer

Aluminum Paint Anti Corrosive Paint Synthetic Rubber Paint Cement Paint
made by mixing aluminium particles or flakes with prevent corrosion on various surfaces, mainly dries very quickly and maintains consistency and known as whitewash, distemper paint is a paint
oil/spirit varnish metallic in nature uniformity on large expanses variant that comprises of lime, chalk, pigment,
resistant to electricity, weather, corrosion and is Mainly used for pipes, external structures and cost-effective, chemical and weather-resistant water and glue
waterproof and gives off a silvery finish metallic work used on concrete walls, large surfaces, floors Can be applied on cement and rough interiors/
Used for hot water tanks, hot pipes, masonry, oil cost-effective, black in colour and a strong, exteriors without primers
storage tanks etc. and for metals and wood long-lasting choice water-based distemper paint that gives you an
excellent finish, durability