Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region 02 (Cagayan Valley)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF ISABELA
Alibagu, City of Ilagan, Isabela 3300

A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE

PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD

I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standard:
B. Performance Standard:
C. Learning Competencies:
D. Specific Objectives:
A. Demonstrate understanding of a short story;
B. Analyze a short story by identifying its basic elements; and
C. Appreciate the use of multimedia in sharing the lessons learned from a
short story.
II. SUBJECT MATTER
Topic: Elements of a Short Story
References:
Instructional Materials:
Strategies:

III. PROCEDURE
Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

A. Customary Greetings
1. Prayer
May we begin the lesson through a prayer. (All are praying.)
Ana, please lead us a prayer.
2. Greetings
Good morning class. Good morning ma’am.
Please be seated.
3. Checking of Attendance
May I request the class secretaries to check (Class secretaries check the attendance.)
the attendance.
4. Communicating Classroom Rules
5. Review
What is a short story?

ACTIVITY
B. Motivation
Present the lesson objectives.

Activity 1. “Bring Me”

Tell the students to bring the things mentioned.
The activity will be done through a race.
Additional points are given to the first student
who presented the things ask for. Students are
given 10 seconds to provide the things
mentioned.

Bring me/show me Students will show pictures/things to the

1. the person who plays a very important role in
teacher.
your life (physical/personal/picture)
2. the person who once hurt you
3. A picture of your favorite place/unforgettable
place/favorite time/season
4. A picture of your childhood years
5. A thing that reminds you of the happiest
moment/saddest moment in your life
6. Your favorite line/quote which serves as your
guiding principle in life

ANALYSIS
C. Introduction of the New Lesson
I noticed that the things being shown or
Activity 2. “”
1. What do you notice on the things being brought out are elements of a short story.
shown or brought out?
2. Do they tell us about something? If yes, what
is it?

ABSTRACTION
D. Lesson Proper
“Dish Elements”
What is your favorite Filipino dish? Considering Answers may vary.
that adobo is one of the Filipinos’ favorite dish, My favorite Filipino dish is adobo ma’am.
can anybody name the ingredients that make it
The adobo ingredients/recipes are garlic,
taste deliciously unique?
(The teacher shows a picture of adobo pork/chicken, white vinegar, sugar, pepper
ingredients.) corn, soy sauce, bay leaves.

Well said. Just like foods/dishes, short stories Elements in short stories are the components
have also its important ingredients. These are that keep the story running smoothly and
termed as “elements”. what is meant by allow the action to develop in a logical way
elements in short stories? that the reader can follow.

If the elements of the earth are

The elements of a short story are
___________________, then what are the
elements of a short story then? character/s, setting, plot, conflict, and
theme.

Exactly. To have a deeper understanding of

these elements, let’s discuss them one by one.
Activity 3: “Picture Talk”
(Discuss the elements of a short story by letting
the students define each element based on the
pictures presented.)
Powerpoint

APPLICATION
Activity 4 “Video Clip analysis”
(The teacher will play video clips from a short
story titled “The Last Leaf” by O. Henry then let
the students identify its elements using the
following guide questions.

1. Who are the characters in the story? - characters

(The students may key in their answers in the The characters in the story are Johnsy, Sue,
chat box) Mr. Behrman, and the doctor.

2. Where did the story take place? - setting

(Tell the students to write their answers on a The story took place in Greenwhich village,
piece of paper, readable enough when the New York City during a pneumonia
teacher lets them show their answers) epidemic.
3. What disease struck Johnsy?
(The students may key in their answers in the
chat box) - conflict
4. Why did Johnsy keep asking Sue to open the Johnsy was afflicted with pneumonia.
curtains.
(Answers must be shared orally.) - conflict
Johnsy kept asking Sue to open the curtains
for her to see when the last ivy leaf fall, then
she will die too.

- climax
5. What was Berhman’s masterpiece? Why does Behrman’s masterpiece was the last ivy leaf
Sue say that it is his masterpiece?
on the wall. Sue considered it as his
(Answers must be shared orally.)
masterpiece because he painted it without
considering his health and that painting
changed Johnsy’s idea of her recovery from
pneumonia.

- resolution
6. How did Berhman save Johnsy’s life? Behrman saved Johnsy’s life by changing
(Answers must be shared orally.) her pessimistic attitude into optimism. By
painting the last ivy leaf, he gave hope to
her and made her want to live again.
7. Provide a one - word central idea of the story.
(Type your answers on the following link.)
- Theme

D. Valuing
In the story, Johnsy and Sue experienced an
epidemic of pnemonia. How was their situation
likened to the present health condition
nowadays?
1. If you were Jonhsy who is now experiencing
the Covid19 pandemic, would you do the same?
Support your answer.
2. How does the story teach us about life? About
facing/solving problems? (answers can be in
sentences. Please share your answer by posting
it in your story or to your facebook timeline)

E. Generalization
What makes up a short story again?
A short story is composed of characters,
setting, plot, theme, and conflict.

Who challenges the protagonist? The antagonist challenges the protagonist.

What do we call as the turning point of the It is the climax ma’am.

story?
If a character can’t understand himself or his Man vs. Himself.
mind doesn’t confer with his heart, the conflict
is?

ASSESSMENT
Google form quiz
(The teacher will post the link and allow the
students to answer the questions within 10
minutes)

DIRECTIONS: Choose the letter of the

correct answer.

1. Who is the main character in the story?

a. Johnsy
c. Sue
b. Behrman
d. doctor

2. What type of conflict was shown in the story?

a. man versus man
c. man versus himself
b. man versus nature
d. man versus society

3. What element refers to the events in the

story?
a. Setting
c. Plot
b. Theme
d. Conflict

4. What is known as the essence of fiction?

a. Setting
c. Conflict
b. Theme
d. Climax

5. What do you call the series of events when

things begin to happen in the
story?
a. Rising Action
c. Exposition
b. Theme
d. Climax

6. What element is presented at the final part of

the story?
a. Resolution
c. Exposition
b. Theme
d. Climax

7. What element is considered the high point in

the story?
a. Setting
c. Exposition
b. Theme
d. Climax
 8. What element creates the tone and presents
the characters and other
important facts to introduce the story?
a. Setting
c. Exposition
b. Theme
d. Climax

9. What element includes the locale and period

in a story?
a. Setting
c. Exposition
b. Theme
d. Climax

10. What type of character contends with the

main character?
a. opposition
c. antagonist
b. protagonist
d. instigator

AGREEMENT
Choose a part in the story, The Last Leaf,
which you find the most interesting. Then,
produce a three - minute video of it using
the characters lines and depicting their
feelings.

Prepared by:

FLORDELIZA M. GAFFUD
Teacher III