ELECTRICAL AND PLUMBING WORKS
(Read the ppt)
-Sa aspeto ng building construction, mahalagang bahagi ng isang infrstucture yung electrical at plumbing
system. These systems kase are designed to be hidden or concealed within the structure to maintain a
clean and aesthetically pleasing finish. This means na yung mga wires, cables, pipes, and conduits used
for these services are strategically placed sa loob walls, floors, and ceilings, para hindi siya visible sa
occupants once na tapos na yung project.
(Read the ppt)
-yung primary goal of concealing electrical and plumbing works sabi ko nga kanina ay para maensure na
hindi siya makikita ng occupants or visitors ng building. This is achieved by carefully planning and
executing the installation process, taking into consideration the building's layout and design. The result is
a polished and unobtrusive interior, free from exposed wires or pipes that could disrupt the overall
aesthetics.
(Read the ppt)
- While yung majority ng electrical and plumbing components are hidden, there are specific points and
pipe ends intentionally left protruding mula sa walls or ceilings. yung protrusions na to they serve a
crucial purpose. sa electrical systems, these points typically include electrical outlets, switches, and
junction boxes. sa plumbing systems naman, they include pipe stubs for water supply and drainage.
These exposed points allow for the installation of electric fixtures (such as light switches and outlets) and
plumbing fixtures (like faucets and showerheads) during the final stages of construction or remodeling.
TERRACE AND ROOF FINISHING
(Read the ppt)
-Waterproofing is a critical step in the construction of terraces and roofs. It involves yung application ng
various materials and techniques para makacreate ng barrier that prevents water from penetrating the
roof slab.
-The primary purpose of waterproofing is to protect the structural integrity of the building by preventing
water leakage into the interior spaces below. Water infiltration can lead to a range of problems, including
damage to the building's structure, mold growth, and deterioration of interior finishes.
(Read the ppt)
-Terrazzo tiling is a common choice for finishing terrace and roof surfaces. Terrazzo is a composite
material made from a mixture of cement, marble chips, and other aggregates. It is known for its
durability and resistance to weathering effects.
-The installation of terrazzo tiles serves multiple purposes. One of the primary reasons is to protect the
underlying roof slab from the adverse effects of weather exposure, including UV radiation, rain, and
temperature fluctuations. These environmental factors can lead to the deterioration of the concrete slab
over time.
EXTERIOR FINISHING
(Read the ppt)
Yung Exterior finishing is a crucial step in the construction process, kase dito inaadress yung visual and
protective aspects of a building's outer shell. Once the structural framework and exterior walls are in
place, the external plastering and finishing work begins. This involves the application of a layer of plaster
or rendering material to the exterior surfaces of the building. Yung purpose neto is to create a smooth
and aesthetically pleasing finish while also protecting the underlying structure from weathering and
damage.
(Read the ppt)
In addition to providing a smooth and visually appealing surface, waterproofing is a critical aspect of
exterior finishing. Waterproofing materials, such as waterproof membranes or coatings, are applied to
the exterior walls to create a barrier that prevents water from penetrating into the building. This is
essential for preventing rising dampness, which occurs when moisture is absorbed from the ground and
travels upward through the walls. Rising dampness can lead to structural issues, as well as mold and
mildew problems inside the building. Proper waterproofing safeguards against these issues.
(Read the ppt)
External cladding is an optional but valuable aspect of exterior finishing. It involves the installation of an
additional layer or material on the exterior walls to enhance the aesthetics and provide additional
protection. Cladding materials can vary widely, including options such as brick, stone, wood, vinyl, metal,
or composite materials. The choice of cladding material can greatly impact the overall look and style of
the building's exterior. Cladding not only adds to the building's visual appeal but also serves as an extra
layer of insulation and protection against the elements.
COOLING AND HEATING WORKS
(Read the ppt)
-Heating and cooling work is a crucial phase in the construction of a building, typically occurring once the
roof and exterior walls are in place. This phase is essential to create a comfortable and climate-controlled
indoor environment for the building's occupants.
- The installation of vents and ducts is a fundamental part of the heating and cooling system. Ducts are
pathways made of metal or flexible materials that transport heated or cooled air throughout the
building. Vents are openings connected to these ducts and are strategically placed in various rooms to
allow the conditioned air to enter and exit. Proper design and installation of ductwork ensure efficient
air distribution.
INTERIOR FINISHING
(Read the ppt)
-In the interior finishing phase ng building construction, a series of essential steps are taken to transform
the structural framework and exterior walls into functional and visually appealing spaces. yung process
na to begins with plastering yung internal walls, where layers of plaster material, such as gypsum or
cement plaster, are applied to create a smooth and flawless surface. Flooring is then installed using
various types of tiles, chosen based on function, design, and budget considerations, providing durable
and aesthetically versatile floor surfaces. Following this, walls are painted with custom colors or textured
finishes, protecting the plastered surfaces while enhancing visual appeal. Baseboards and decorative
trim add architectural detail and safeguard wall edges. Finally, lighting fixtures, electrical elements, and
various accessories are installed to ensure functionality and elevate the overall design of the interior
space, collectively culminating in a fully finished and functional living or working area.
WOODWORK AND FIXTURE FITTINGS
(Read the ppt)
Woodwork and fixture fittings represent one of the final phases in the overall construction process. By
this stage, the primary construction work, including the structural framework, walls, roofing, and
foundational elements, is typically completed. The focus now shifts to the interior aspects of the building
to add functionality and aesthetic appeal.
(Read the ppt)
- While woodwork and furniture installation are ongoing, electrical and plumbing fittings are typically
completed in parallel. This means that electrical fixtures such as switchboards, outlets, and lighting
fixtures are installed in their designated locations. In areas like bathrooms and kitchens, plumbing
fixtures such as sinks, faucets, toilets, and showers are also fitted. This ensures that the building's
essential utilities and amenities are fully functional when the construction is completed.
- As the last step in building construction, interior decoration work focuses on enhancing the aesthetics
and comfort of the living or working space. This includes selecting and installing decorative elements
such as curtains, blinds, carpets, wallpapers, paint finishes, and other design features. Additionally, the
proper choice of fabrics for upholstery, cushions, and bedding can greatly contribute to the overall
ambiance of the interior spaces.
(Read the ppt)
- The culmination of woodwork, furniture installation, and fixture fittings marks the final stages of
building construction. These elements transform a structurally sound space into a fully functional,
aesthetically pleasing, and comfortable environment for occupants. The attention to detail in this phase
ensures that the building meets the intended design and functional objectives, creating a welcoming and
functional space.
