SECTION 3 READING COMPREHENSION Time-55 minutes

This section is designed to measure the ability to read and understand short passages similar
in topic and style to those found in North American universities and colleges.

Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by a number
of questions about it. You are to choose the one best answer, A, B, C or D, to each question.
Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that
corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

Answer all questions about the information in a passage on the basis of what is stated or
implied in that passage.

Read the following passage:

John Quincy Adams, who served as the sixth president of the United States from 1825 to
1829, is today recognized for his masterful statesmanship and diplomacy. He dedicated his
life to public service, both in the presidency and in the various other political offices that he
held. Throughout his political career he demonstrated his unswerving belief in freedom of
speech, the antislavery cause, and the right of Americans to be free from European and Asian
domination.

Example I
To what did John Quincy Adams devote his life?
(A) Improving his personal life
(B) Serving the public
(C) Increasing his fortune
(D) Working on his private business

Example II
In line 4, the word "unswerving" is closest in meaning to

(A) movable
(B) insignificant
(C) unchanging
(D) diplomatic

Questions 1-9

Carbon tetrachloride is a colorless and inflammable liquid that can be produced by combining
carbon disulfide and chlorine. This compound is widely used in industry today because of its
effectiveness as a solvent as well as its use in the production of propellants.

Despite its widespread use in industry, carbon tetrachloride has been banned for home use. In
the past, carbon tetrachloride was a common ingredient in cleaning compounds that were
used throughout the home, but it was found to be dangerous: when heated, it changes into a
poisonous gas that can cause severe illness and even death if it is inhaled. Because of this
dangerous characteristic, the United States revoked permission for the home use of carbon
tetrachloride in 1970. The United States has taken similar action with various other chemical
compounds.
1. The main point of this passage is that
A. carbon tetrachloride can be very dangerous when it is heated
B. the government banned carbon tetrachloride in 1970
C. although carbon tetrachloride can legally be used in industry, it is not allowed in home
products.
D. carbon tetrachloride used to be a regular part of cleaning compounds

2. The word “widely” in line 2 could most easily be replaced by

A. grandly
B. extensively
C. largely
D. hugely

3. The word “banned” in line 4 is closest in meaning to

A. forbidden
B. allowed
C. suggested
D. instituted

4. According to the passage, before 1970 carbon tetrachloride was

A. used by itself as a cleanser
B. banned in industrial use
C. often used as a component of cleaning products
D. not allowed in home cleaning products

5. It is stated in the passage that when carbon tetrachloride is heated, it becomes

A. harmful
B. colorless
C. a cleaning compound
D. Inflammable

6. The word “inhaled” in line 7 is closest in meaning to

A. warmed
B. breathed in
C. carelessly used
D. blown

7. The word “revoked” in line 8 could most easily be replaced by

A. gave
B. granted
C. instituted
D. took away

8. It can be inferred from the passage that one role of the U.S. government is to
A. regulate product safety
B. prohibit any use of carbon tetrachloride
C. instruct industry on cleaning methodologies
D. ban the use of any chemicals
9. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses
A. additional uses of carbon tetrachloride
B. the banning of various chemical compounds by the U.S. government
C. further dangerous effects of carbon tetrachloride
D. the major characteristic of carbon tetrachloride

Questions 10-19
The next artist in this survey of American artist is James Whistler; he is included in this
survey of American artist because he was born in the United States, although the majority of
his artwork was completed in Europe. Whistler was born in Massachusetts in 1834, but nine
years later his father moved the family to St. Petersburg, Russia, to work on the construction
of a railroad. The family returned to the United States in 1849. Two years later Whistler
entered the U.S. military academy at West Point, but he was unable to graduate. At the age of
twenty-one Whistler went to Europe to study art despite familial objections, and he remained
in Europe until his death. Whistler worked in various art forms, including etchings and
lithographs. However, he is most famous for his paintings, particularly Arrangement in Gray
and Black No. 1: Portrait of the Artist’s Mother or Whistler’s Mother, as it is more commonly
known. This painting shows a side view of Whistler’s mother, dressed I black and posing
against a gray wall. The asymmetrical nature of the portrait, with his mother seated off-
center, is highly characteristic of Whistler’s work.

10. The paragraph preceding this passage most likely discusses

A. A survey of eighteenth-century art
B. a different American artist
C. Whistler’s other famous paintings
D. European artists

11. Which of the following best describes the information in the passage?
A. Several artists are presented
B. One artist’s life and works are described
C. Various paintings are contrasted
D. Whistler’s family life is outlined.

12. Whistler is considered an American artist because

A. he was born in America
B. he spent most of his life in Americat
C. he served in the U.S. military
D. he created most of his famous art in America

13. The world “majority” in line 2 is closest in meaning to

A. seniority
B. maturity
C. large pices
D. high percentage

14. It is implied in the passage that Whistler’s family was

A. unable to find any work at all in Rusia
B. highly supportive of his desire to pursue art
C. working class
D. military
15. The word “objections” in line 7 is closest in meaning to
A. protests
B. goals
C. agreements
D. battles

16. In line 8, the “etchings” are

A. a type of painting
B. the same as a lithograph
C. an art form introduced by Whistler
D. an art form involving engraving

17. The word “asymmetrical” in line 11 is closest in meaning to

A. proportionate
B. uneven
C. balanced
D. lyrical

18. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passsage?

A. Whistler work with a variety of art forms.
B. Whistler’s Mother is not the official name of his painting.
C. Whistler is best known for his etchings.
D. Whistler’s Mother is painted in somber tones.

19. where in the passage does the author mention the types of artwork that Whistler was
involved in?
A. Lines 1-3
B. Lines 4-5
C. Lines 6-7
D. Lines 8-10

Questions 20-30

The locations of stars in the sky relative to one another do not appear to the naked eye to
change, and as a result stars are often considered to be fixed in position. Many unaware
stargazers falsely assume that each star has its own permanent home in the nighttime sky.

In reality, though, stars are always moving, but because of the tremendous distances between
stars themselves and from stars to Earth, the changes are barely perceptible here. An example
of a rather fast-moving star demonstrates why this misconception prevails; it takes
approximately 200 years for a relatively rapid star like Bernard's star to move a distance in
the skies equal to the diameter of the earth's moon. When the apparently negligible movement
of the stars is contrasted with the movement of the planets, the stars are seemingly unmoving.

20. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
a. What the eye can see in the sky
b. Bernard's star
c. Planetary Movement
d. The Evermoving stars
21. The expression‍"naked eye" in line 1 most probably refers to
a. a telescope
b. a scientific method for observing stars
c. unassisted vision
d. a camera with a powerful lens

22. According to the passage, the distances between the stars and Earth are
a. barely perceptible
b. huge
c. fixed
d. moderate

23. The word "perceptible" in line 5 is closest in meaning to which of the following?
a. noticeable
b. persuasive
c. conceivable
d. astonishing

24. In line 6, a "misconception" is closest in meaning to a (n)

a. idea
b. proven fact
c. erroneous belief
d. theory

25. The passage states that in 200 years Bernard's star can move
a. around Earth's moon
b. next to the earth's moon
c. a distance equal to the distance from earth to the moon
d. a distance seemingly equal to the diameter of the moon

26. The passage implies that from earth it appears that the planets
a. are fixed in the sky
b. move more slowly than the stars
c. show approximately the same amount of movement as the stars
d. travel through the sky considerably more rapidly than the stars

27. The word "negligible" in line 8 could most easily be replaced by

a. negative
b. insignificant
c. rapid
d. distant

28. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

a. starts do not appear to the eye to move.
b. the large distances between stars and the earth tend to magnify movement to the eye
c. Bernard's star moves quickly in comparison with other stars
d. although stars move, they seem to be fixed
29. The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses
a. the movement of the planets
b. Bernard's star
c. the distance from earth to the moon
d. why stars are always moving

30. This passage would most probably be assigned reading in which course?
a. astrology
b. geophysics
c. astronomy
d. geography

Questions 31-40
It has been noted that, traditionally, courts have granted divorces on fault grounds: one
spouse is deemed to be at fault in causing the divorce. More and more today, however,
divorces are being granted on a no-fault basis.
Proponents of no-fault divorces argue that when a marriage fails, it is rarely the case that one
marriage partner is completely to blame and the other blameless. A failed marriage is much
more often the result of mistakes by both partners.
Another argument in favor of no-fault divorce is that proving fault in court, in a public arena,
is a destructive process that only serves to lengthen the divorce process and that dramatically
increases the negative feelings present in a divorce. If a couple can reach a decision to
divorce without first deciding which partner is to blame, the divorce settlement can be
negotiated more easily and equitably and the postdivorce healing process can begin more
rapidly.

31. What does the passage mainly discuss?

a. Traditional grounds for divorce
b. Who is at fault in a divorce
c. Why no-fault divorces are becoming more common
d. The various reasons for divorces

32. The word "spouse" in line 1 is closest in meaning to a

a. judge
b. problem
c. divorce decree
d. marriage partner

33. according to the passage, no-fault divorces

a. are on the increase
b. are the traditional form of divorce
c. are less popular that they used to be
d. were granted more in the past

34. It is implied in the passage that

a. there recently has been a decrease in no-fault divorces
b. not all divorces today are no-fault divorces
c. a no-fault divorce is not as equitable as a fault divorce
d. people recover more slowly from a no-fault divorce
35. The word "proponents" in line 4 is closest in meaning to which of the following?
a. Advocates
b. Recipients
c. Authorities
d. Enemies

36. The passage states that a public trial to prove the fault of one spouse can
a. be satisfying to the wronged spouse
b. lead to a shorter divorce process
c. reduce negative feelings
d. be a harmful process

37. Which of the following is NOT listed in this passage as an argument in favor of no-fault
divorce?
a. Rarely is only one marriage partner to blame for a divorce
b. A no-fault divorce generally costs less in legal fees
c. Finding fault in a divorce increases negative feelings
d. A no-fault divorce settlement is generally easier to negotiate

38. The word "present" in line 9 could most easily be replaced by

a. existing
b. giving
c. introducing
d. resulting

39. The word "settlement" in line 10 is closest in meaning to

a. development
b. serenity
c. discussion
d. agreement

40. The tone of this passage is

a. emotional
b. enthusiastic
c. expository
d. reactionary

Questions 41-50

Whereas literature in the first half of the eighteenth century in America had been largely
religious and moral in tone, by the latter half of the century the revolutionary fervor that was
coming to life in the colonies began to be reflected in the literature of the time, which in turn
served to further influence the population. Although not all writers of this period supported
the Revolution, the two best-known and most influential writers, Ben Franklin and Thomas
Paine, were both strongly supportive of that cause.

Ben Franklin first attained popular success through his writings in his brother's newspaper,
the New England Current. In these articles he used a simple style of language and common
sense argumentation to defend the point of view of the farmer and the Leather Apron man.
He continued with the same common sense practicality and appeal to the common man with
his work on Poor Richard's Almanac from 1733 until 1758. Firmly established in his popular
acceptance by the people, Franklin wrote a variety of extremely effective articles and
pamphlets about the colonist's revolutionary cause against England.

Thomas Paine was an Englishman working as a magazine editor in Philadelphia at the time of
the Revolution. His pamphlet Common Sense, which appeared in 1776, was a force in
encouraging the colonists to declare their independence from England. Then throughout the
long and desperate war years he published a series of Crisis papers (from 1776 until 1783) to
encourage the colonists to continue on with the struggle. The effectiveness of his writing was
probably due to his emotional yet oversimplified depiction of the cause of the colonists
against England as a classic struggle of good and evil.

41. The paragraph preceding this passage most likely discusses

a. how literature influence the population
b. religious and moral literature
c. literature supporting the cause of the American Revolution
d. what made Thomas Paine's literature successful

42. The word "fervor" in line 2 is closest in meaning to

a. war
b. anxiety
c. spirit
d. action

43. The word "time" in line 3 could best be replaced by

a. hour
b. period
c. appointment
d. duration

44. It is implied in the passage that

a. some writers in the American colonies supported England during the Revolution
b. Franklin and Paine were the only writers to influence the Revolution
c. because Thomas Paine was an Englishman, he supported England against the colonies
d. authors who supported England did not remain in the colonies during the Revolution

45. The pronoun "he" in line 8 refers to

a. Thomas Paine
b. Ben Franklin
c. Ben Franklin's brother
d. Poor Richard

46. The expression "point of view" in line 9 could best be replaced by

a. perspective
b. sight
c. circumstance
d. trait
47. According to the passage, the tone of Poor Richard's Almanac is
a. pragmatic
b. erudite
c. theoretical
d. scholarly

48. The word "desperate" in line 16 could best be replaced by

a. unending
b. hopeless
c. strategic
d. combative

49. Where in the passage does the author describe Thomas Paine's style of writing?
a. lines 4-6
b. lines 8-9
c. lines 14-15
d. lines 18-20

50. The purpose of the passage is to

a. discuss American literature in the first half of the eighteen century
b. give biographical data on two American writers
c. explain which authors supported the Revolution
d. describe the literary influence during revolutionary America
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jawaban.html#sthash.TQVX1rUb.dpuf

The locations of stars in the sky relative to one another do not appear to the naked eye to
change, and as a result stars are often considered to be fixed in position. Many unaware stargazers
falsely assume that each star has its own permanent home in the nighttime sky.
In reality, though, stars are always moving, but because of the tremendous distances between stars
themselves and from stars to Earth, the changes are barely perceptible here. An example of a rather
fast-moving star demonstrates why this misconception prevails; it takes approximately 200 years for
a relatively rapid star like Bernard's star to move a distance in the skies equal to the diameter of the
earth's moon. When the apparently negligible movement of the stars is contrasted with the
movement of the planets, the stars are seemingly unmoving.

1. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

a. What the eye can see in the sky
b. Bernard's star
c. Planetary Movement
d. The Evermoving stars
2. The expression‍"naked eye" in line 1 most probably refers to
a. a telescope
b. a scientific method for observing stars
c. unassisted vision
d. a camera with a powerful lens
3. According to the passage, the distances between the stars and Earth are
a. barely perceptible
b. huge
c. fixed
d. moderate
4. The word "perceptible" in line 5 is closest in meaning to which of the following?
a. noticeable
b. persuasive
c. conceivable
d. astonishing

5. In line 6, a "misconception" is closest in meaning to a (n)

a. idea
b. proven fact
c. erroneous belief
d. theory

6. The passage states that in 200 years Bernard's star can move
a. around Earth's moon
b. next to the earth's moon
c. a distance equal to the distance from earth to the moon
d. a distance seemingly equal to the diameter of the moon

7. The passage implies that from earth it appears that the planets
a. are fixed in the sky
b. move more slowly than the stars
c. show approximately the same amount of movement as the stars
d. travel through the sky considerably more rapidly than the stars

8. The word "negligible" in line 8 could most easily be replaced by

a. negative
b. insignificant
c. rapid
d. distant

9. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

a. starts do not appear to the eye to move.
b. the large distances between stars and the earth tend to magnify movement to the eye
c. Bernard's star moves quickly in comparison with other stars
d. although stars move, they seem to be fixed

10. The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses

a. the movement of the planets
b. Bernard's star
c. the distance from earth to the moon
d. why stars are always moving

11. This passage would most probably be assigned reading in which course?
a. astrology
b. geophysics
c. astronomy
d. Geograph

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star.html#sthash.A0NSDBB6.dpuf
Directions: This section is designed to measure your ability to read and understand short passages
similar in topic and style to those that students are likely to encounter in North American universities
and colleges. This section contains reading passages and questions about the passages.

Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15, 1452 in Vinci, Italy. He was the illegitimate son of Ser Piero,
a Florentine notary and landlord, but lived on the estate and was treated as a legitimate son.

In 1483, Leonardo da Vinci drew the first model of a helicopter. It did not look very much like our
modern day “copter,” but the idea of what it could do was about the same.

Leonardo was an artist and sculptor. He was very interested in motion and movement and tried to
show it in his art. In order to show movement, he found it helpful to study the way things moved.
One subject he liked to study was birds and how they flew. He spent many hours watching the birds
and examining the structure of their wings. He noticed how they cupped air with their wings and
how the feathers helped hold the air. Through these studies, Leonardo began to understand how
birds were able to fly.

Like many other men, Leonardo began to dream of the day when people would be able to fly. He
designed a machine that used all the things he had learned about flight, and thus became the first
model of a helicopter.

Poor Leonardo had only one problem, however. He had no way to give the necessary speed to his
invention. You see, motors had not yet been invented and speed 19 was an important part of the
flying process. It would be another four hundred years before the engine was invented and another
fifty years before it was put to the test in an airplane. Leonardo’s dream of a helicopter finally came
to pass in 1936.

The Italian painter, sculptor, architect, engineer, and scientist, Leonardo died on May 2, 1519, and
was buried in the cloister of San Fiorentino in Amboise.

1. What is the author’s main point?

a. The invention of the helicopter.
b. Birds cup air with their wings and use feathers to help hold the air.
c. An overview of one of Leonardo da Vinci’s many skills.
d. Leonardo da Vinci was born in 1452 and died in 1519.

2. The word problem in paragraph five could best be replaced by the word:
a. dilemma
b. mistake
c. danger
d. pain

3. The word it in paragraph two refers to:

a. Leonardo da Vinci
b. The first model helicopter
c. 1483
d. motion and movement
4. Which paragraph explains why Leonardo’s helicopter was not successful in his
lifetime:
a. paragraph 1
b. paragraph 2
c. paragraph 4
d. paragraph 5

5. The word illegitimate in paragraph one is closest in meaning to:

a. against the law or illegal
b. not in correct usage
c. incorrectly deduced; illogical
d. born out of wedlock

6. The following sentence would best complete which paragraph?

“Since then people have been living out Leonardo’s dream of flying.”
a. paragraph 3
b. paragraph 4
c. paragraph 5
d. paragraph 2

7. What was the main problem with Leonardo’s invention?

a. motors were not yet invented
b. the birds lost their feathers
c. he was illegitimate
d. he couldn’t draw

8. The word they in the third paragraph refers to:

a. the feathers
b. the birds
c. the studies
d. the wings

9. In what year was the first helicopter flown

a. 1483
b. 1452
c. 1519
d. 1936

10. What two things did birds have that Leonardo da Vinci noticed helped them to fly?
a. wings and beaks
b. feathers and talons
c. wings and feathers
d. cups and feathers

11. The word thus in the fourth paragraph could best be replaced by:
a. Hence
b. After
c. Unsuitably
d. Inappropriately
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SOAL DIMULAI
Petunjuk Soal: Untuk bentuk soal nomor 1, 2, 3 dan sejenisnya dicari pilihan yang benar untuk
melengkapi kalimat yang kosong. Sementara untuk soal nomor 4, 5, 6 dan sejenisnya dicari kata yang
tidak sesuai (salah) dengan struktu kalimat.

1. The Eiffel Tower ___________ Paris, France.

a. landmarks
b. is landmarked in
c. is a landmark in
d. is in a landmark

2. Young deer _________.

a. are called fawns
b. be fawns
c. is fawns
d. are fawns called

3. Not until a dog is several months old does it begin to exhibit signs of independence ___________.
a. its mother from
b. from mother
c. to mother
d. from its mother

4. The Treasury Department (a.is take) a new look at regulations limiting the (b.number) of interest
that bank and (c.savings), and loan associations (d.can) pay on deposits.

5. (a.Him) should (b.be careful) with that vase because (c.it is very) old (d.and extremely fragile).

6. The repair shop (a.keep) my cassette player for six weeks before (b.returning it), (c.nevertheless),
(d.it still) does not work properly.

7. To score a goal in soccer you ________.

a. must kick the ball
b. must kicks the ball
c. may kick them ball
d. must kick them balls

8. The observation deck at the Sears Tower _________ in Chicago.

a. is highest than any other one
b. is highest than any other one
c. is higher than any other one
d. is higher that any other one

9. If it _________ so cloudy, we would plan on having the fair outside.

a. was
b. was not
c. weren’t
d. had not
10. At the 1984 Democratic National Convention in San Francisco, Geraldine Ferraro became the first
woman _________ for the vice presidency.
a. to being nominated
b. to has been nominated
c. to have been nominated
d. to will be nominated

11. Pearl Buck, (a.a recipient) of the Nobel Peace Prize (b.for Literature) in 1938 (c.strove to bring)
understanding and peace (d.on everyone).

12. In most circumstances (a.the person that owns) the property (b.can claim) the rights (c.as
money) made (d.from drilling oil) on their property.

13. _______ chocolate will give you a tummy ache.

a. Eat too much
b. Eating to much
c. Eating too much
d. Eating too many

14. If she ____________ to advance her clock one hour, she wouldn’t have been late for work.
a. should have remembered
b. could remembered
c. remembered
d. would have remembered

15. It (a.was) obvious from his response in the press conference (b.that) the candidate (c.prepare)
his answers (d.well).

16. A dream about falling _________.

a. scary is
b. is scary
c. are scary
d. very scary is

17. George Washington _________first U.S. President.

a. was the
b. became
c. were the
d. are the

18. Amelia Earhart was _______________ to pilot her plane across the Atlantic Ocean.
a. the first and a woman
b. the first woman
c. who the first woman
d. the woman who first

19. (a.Crawfish) farming (b.have been practiced) in south Louisiana (c.for) many (d.years).

20. The main purpose (a.of this class) is to (b.help you) better understand the (c.history of there)
country, and how (d.it came to be).
21. ____________ a tree can be grown from a seedling.
a. That is generally believed
b. Believed generally is
c. Generally believed it is
d. It is generally believed that

22. The White Rose Bridge, (a.which close) today, for (b.resurfacing will not) be (c.open for) (d.two
months).

23. (a.When) I joined the staff (b.of the) newspaper, I (c.were taught) to write short, powerful
(d.headlines).

24. (a.Since the) official school colors (b.are red) and white, (c.all of) us (d.has worn) red and white to
the championship game.

25. The poverty level in the United State is currently set __________________.
a. at 12,000 dollars or less.
b. as 12,000 dollars or less.
c. at 12,000 dollars as less
d. at 12,000 dollar or less.

DIRECTIONS
Questions 1 – 15 are incomplete sentence. Beneath each sentence you will see four words of
phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence. Then on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that
corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. Fill in the space so that the letter inside the
oval cannot be seen.

1. George did not do well in the class because _______________

A. he studied bad
B. he was not good studywise
C. he was a badly student
D. he failed to study properly

2. This university's programs __________________ those of Harvard.

A. come second after
B. are second only to
C. are first except for
D. are in second place from

3. The more she worked _____________________

A. the less she achieved
B. she achieved not enough
C. she did not achieve enough
D. she was achieving less
4. _____________ the best car to buy is a Mercedes Benz.
A. Because of its durability and economy,
B. Because it lasts a long time, a it is very economical.,
C. Because of its durability and it is economical,
D. Because durably and economywise it is better than all the others,

5. When Henry arrived home after a hard day at work, ______________

A. his wife was sleeping
B. his wife slept
C. his wife has slept
D. his wife has been sleeping

6. He gave ________________________
A. to the class s a tough assignment
B. the class a tough assignments
C. a tough assignment for the class
D. an assignment very tough to the class

7. People all over the world are starving __________________________

A. greater in numbers
B. in most numbers
C. more numerously
D. in greater numbers

8. It was not until she arrived in class__________ realized she had forgotten her book
A. when she
B. and she
C. that she
D. She

9. John has not been able to recall where ____________________

A. does she live
B. she lives
C. did she live
D. lived the girl

10. Ben would have studied medicine if he___________to a medical school.

A. could be able to enter
B. had been admitted
C. was admitted
D. were admitted

11. He entered a university_________________

A. when he had sixteen years
B. when sixteen years were his age
C. at the age of sixteen
D. at age sixteen years old
12. The jurors were told to _________________________
A. talk all they wanted
B. make lots of expressions
C. speak freely
D. talk with their minds open

13. Those students do not like to read novels_________test books.

A. in any case
B. forgetting about
C. leaving out of the question
D. much less

14. He____________looked forward to the new venture.

A. eagerly
B. with great eagernes
C. eagernessly
D. in a state of increasing eagerness

15. The families were told to evacuate their houses immediately _____.
A. at the time when the water began to go up to
B. when the water began to rise
C. when up was going the water
D. in the time when the water raised

Pembahasan Jawaban Soal TOEFL (Structure 6)

Pembahasan jawaban dari Soal TOEFL dan Pembahasan Structure (Structure 6) akan kami jelaskan ke
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Soal TOEFL
The next artist in this survey of American artist is James Whistler; he is included in this survey of
American artist because he was born in the United States, although the majority of his artwork was
completed in Europe. Whistler was born in Massachusetts in 1834, but nine years later his father
moved the family to St. Petersburg, Russia, to work on the construction of a railroad. The family
returned to the United States in 1849. Two years later Whistler entered the U.S. military academy at
West Point, but he was unable to graduate. At the age of twenty-one Whistler went to Europe to
study art despite familial objections, and he remained in Europe until his death.

Whistler worked in various art forms, including etchings and lithographs. However, he is most
famous for his paintings, particularly Arrangement in Gray and Black No. 1: Portrait of the Artist’s
Mother or Whistler’s Mother, as it is more commonly known. This painting shows a side view of
Whistler’s mother, dressed I black and posing against a gray wall. The asymmetrical nature of the
portrait, with his mother seated off-center, is highly characteristic of Whistler’s work.
1. The paragraph preceding this passage most likely discusses
A. a survey of eighteenth-century art
B. a different American artist
C. Whistler’s other famous paintings
D. European artists

2. Which of the following best describes the information in the passage?

A. Several artists are presented
B. One artist’s life and works are described
C. Various paintings are contrasted
D. Whistler’s family life is outlined.

3. Whistler is considered an American artist because

A. he was born in America
B. he spent most of his life in Americat
C. he served in the U.S. military
D. he created most of his famous art in America

4. The world “majority” in line 2 is closest in meaning to

A. seniority
B. maturity
C. large pices
D. high percentage

5. It is implied in the passage that Whistler’s family was

A. unable to find any work at all in Russia
B. highly supportive of his desire to pursue art
C. working class
D. military

6. The word “objections” in line 7 is closest in meaning to

A. protests
B. goals
C. agreements
D. battles

7. In line 8, the “etchings” are

A. a type of painting
B. the same as a lithograph
C. an art form introduced by Whistler
D. an art form involving engraving

8. The word “asymmetrical” in line 11 is closest in meaning to

A. proportionate
B. uneven
C. balanced
D. lyrical
9. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passsage?
A. Whistler work with a variety of art forms.
B. Whistler’s Mother is not the official name of his painting.
C. Whistler is best known for his etchings.
D. Whistler’s Mother is painted in somber tones.

10. where in the passage does the author mention the types of artwork that Whistler was involved
in?
A. Lines 1-3
B. Lines 4-5
C. Lines 6-7
D. Lines 8-10

Pembahasan Jawaban
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Soal TOEFL
Carbon tetrachloride is a colorless and inflammable liquid that can be produced by combining
carbon disulfide and chlorine. This compound is widely used in industry today because of its
effectiveness as a solvent as well as its use in the production of propellants.

Despite its widespread use in industry, carbon tetrachloride has been banned for home use. In the
past, carbon tetrachloride was a common ingredient in cleaning compounds that were used
throughout the home, but it was found to be dangerous: when heated, it changes into a poisonous
gas that can cause severe illness and even death if it is inhaled. Because of this dangerous
characteristic, the United States revoked permission for the home use of carbon tetrachloride in
1970. The United States has taken similar action with various other chemical compounds.

1. The main point of this passage is that

A. carbon tetrachloride can be very dangerous when it is heated
B. the government banned carbon tetrachloride in 1970
C. although carbon tetrachloride can legally be used in industry, it is not allowed in home products.
D. carbon tetrachloride used to be a regular part of cleaning compounds

2. The word “widely” in line 2 could most easily be replaced by

A. grandly
B. extensively
C. largely
D. hugely
3. The word “banned” in line 4 is closest in meaning to
A. forbidden
B. allowed
C. suggested
D. instituted

4. According to the passage, before 1970 carbon tetrachloride was

A. used by itself as a cleanser
B. banned in industrial use
C. often used as a component of cleaning products
D. not allowed in home cleaning products

5. It is stated in the passage that when carbon tetrachloride is heated, it becomes

A. harmful
B. colorless
C. a cleaning compound
D. inflammable

6. The word “inhaled” in line 7 is closest in meaning to

A. warmed
B. breathed in
C. carelessly used
D. blown

7. The word “revoked” in line 8 could most easily be replaced by

A. gave
B. granted
C. instituted
D. took away

8. It can be inferred from the passage that one role of the U.S. government is to
A. regulate product safety
B. prohibit any use of carbon tetrachloride
C. instruct industry on cleaning methodologies
D. ban the use of any chemicals

9. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses

A. additional uses of carbon tetrachloride
B. the banning of various chemical compounds by the U.S. government
C. further dangerous effects of carbon tetrachloride
D. the major characteristic of carbon tetrachloride

Soal TOEFL
Carbon tetrachloride is a colorless and inflammable liquid that can be produced by combining
carbon disulfide and chlorine. This compound is widely used in industry today because of its
effectiveness as a solvent as well as its use in the production of propellants.

Despite its widespread use in industry, carbon tetrachloride has been banned for home use. In the
past, carbon tetrachloride was a common ingredient in cleaning compounds that were used
throughout the home, but it was found to be dangerous: when heated, it changes into a poisonous
gas that can cause severe illness and even death if it is inhaled. Because of this dangerous
characteristic, the United States revoked permission for the home use of carbon tetrachloride in
1970. The United States has taken similar action with various other chemical compounds.

1. The main point of this passage is that

A. carbon tetrachloride can be very dangerous when it is heated
B. the government banned carbon tetrachloride in 1970
C. although carbon tetrachloride can legally be used in industry, it is not allowed in home products.
D. carbon tetrachloride used to be a regular part of cleaning compounds

2. The word “widely” in line 2 could most easily be replaced by

A. grandly
B. extensively
C. largely
D. hugely

3. The word “banned” in line 4 is closest in meaning to

A. forbidden
B. allowed
C. suggested
D. instituted

4. According to the passage, before 1970 carbon tetrachloride was

A. used by itself as a cleanser
B. banned in industrial use
C. often used as a component of cleaning products
D. not allowed in home cleaning products

5. It is stated in the passage that when carbon tetrachloride is heated, it becomes

A. harmful
B. colorless
C. a cleaning compound
D. inflammable

6. The word “inhaled” in line 7 is closest in meaning to

A. warmed
B. breathed in
C. carelessly used
D. blown
7. The word “revoked” in line 8 could most easily be replaced by
A. gave
B. granted
C. instituted
D. took away

8. It can be inferred from the passage that one role of the U.S. government is to
A. regulate product safety
B. prohibit any use of carbon tetrachloride
C. instruct industry on cleaning methodologies
D. ban the use of any chemicals

9. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses

A. additional uses of carbon tetrachloride
B. the banning of various chemical compounds by the U.S. government
C. further dangerous effects of carbon tetrachloride
D. the major characteristic of carbon tetrachloride

1. From 1949 onward ,the artist Georgia O’keeffe made New Mexico -----.

(A) her permanent residence was

(B) where her permanent residence

(C) permanent residence for her

(D) her permanent residence

2. Just as remote-controlled satellites can be employed to explore outer space, ---- employed to
investigate the deep sea.

(A) can be robots

(B) robots can be

(C) can robots

(D) can robots that are

3. In --- people, the areas of the brain that control speech are located in the left hemisphere.

(A) mostly of

(B) most

(C) almost the

(D) the most of

4. Stars shine because of ---- produced by the nuclear reactions taking place within them.

(A) the amount of light and heat is

(B) which the amount of light and heat

(C) the amount of light and heat that it is

(D) the amount of light and heat

5. ---- is not clear to researchers.

(A) Why dinosaurs having become extinct.

(B) Why dinosaurs became extinct

(C) Did dinosaurs become extinct

(D) Dinosaurs became extinct

6. Although many people use the word “milk” to refer to cow’s milk,--- to milk from any mammal,
including human milk and goat’s milk.

(A) applying it also

(B) applies also

(C) it also applies

(D) but it also applies

7. The first transatlantic telephone cable system was not established --- 1956.

(A) while

(B) until

(C) on

(D) when

8. ---- on two people think exactly alike, there will always be disagreement, but disagreement should
not always be avoided: it can be healthy if handled vreatively.

(A) There are

(B) Why

(C) That

(D) Because
9. Drinking water ---- excessive amounts of fluorides may leave a stained or mottled effect on the
enamel of teeth.

(A) containing

(B) in which containing

(C) contains

(D) that contain

10. In the 1820’s physical education became --- of the curriculum of Harvard and Yale Universities.

(A) to be part

(B) which was part

(C) was part

(D) part

11. Pewter, ---- for eating and drinking utensils in colonial America, is about ninety percent tin, with
copper or bismuth added for hardness.

(A) was widely used

(B) widely used it

(C) widely used

(D) which widely used

12. A moth possesses two pairs of wings --- as a single pair and are covered with dust like scales.

(A) function

(B) are functioning

(C) that function

(D) but functions

13. Soap operas, a type of television drama series, are so called because, at first they were ----.

(A) often which soap manufacturers

(B) sponsored often soap manufactures

(C) often sponsored by soap manufacturers

(D) soap manufactures often sponsored them

14. The Woolworth Building in New York was the highest in America when --- in 1913 and was
famous for its use of Gothic decorative detail.

(A) built

(B) it built

(C) was built

(D) built it

15. Humans,----, interact through communicative behavior by means of signs or symbols used
conventionally.

(A) like other animals

(B) how other animals

(C) other animals that

(D) do other animals

16. More and 90 percent of the calcium in the human body is in the skeleton.
A B C D

17. Perhaps the most popular film in movie history, Star Wars was written and direction by George

A B C D

Lucas.

18. Some animal activities, such as mating, migration, and hibernate have a yearly cycle.

A B C D

19. Geographers were once concerned largely with exploring areas unknown to them and from

A B C

describing distinctive features of individual places.

20. In his animated films, Walt Disney created animals that talk and act like people while retaining its

A B C D

animal traits.

21. The first city in the United States that put into effect major plan for the clustering of

A B C

government buildings was Washington,

 D

22. In a microwave oven, radiation penetrates food and is then absorbed primarily by water
molecule,

A B

caused heat to spread through the food .

C D

23. The cultures early of the genus Home were generally distinguished by regular use of stone tools

A B C

and by a hunting and gathering economy.

24.Dolphins are sleek and powerful swimmers that found in all seas and unlike porpoises, have

A B C

well-defined beak like snouts and conical teeth.

25.The velocity of a river is controlled by the slope, the depth, and the rough of the riverbed.

A B C D

26.The phonograph record was the first successful medium for capturing, preservation, and

A B C

reproducing sound.

27. Geberally, the pattern of open space in urban areas has shaped by commercial systems,

A B C

governmental actions,and cultural traditions.

28. A liquid that might be a poor conductor when pure is often used to make solutions that readily

A B C

transmits electricity.

D
29.The initial discovery by humans almost 10,000 years ago that they could exploit metallic mineral

A B

deposits was an important milestone in the development civilization.

C D

30. In 1989 Tillie Fowler, a Republican, became the first member of her party to serving as president

A B C

of the city council of Jacksonville, Florida.

31.General anesthesia, which is usually used for major surgery, involves a complete loss

A B

consciousness and a relaxed of the muscles.

C D

32.After first establishment subsistence farms along the Atlantic seaboard, European settlers in
North

A B C

America developed a maritime and ship building industry.

33.The legs of a roadrunner are enough strong that it can run up to 24 kilometers per hour to catch

A B C D

lizards and small rodents.

34. For the immune system of a newborn mammal to develop properly, the presence of the thymus

A B C

gland is essentially.

35. Physicians working in the field of public health are mainly concerned with the environmental
A B

causes of ill and how to eliminate them.

C D

36. By 1850, immigration from distance shores, as well as migration from the countryside, had
caused

A B C

New York City’s population to swell.

37. By identifying similar words or structures in different languages, we find evidence that those

A B

languages are related and may be derived from same ancestor.

C D

38. Astronomers use photography and sighting telescopes to study the motions of all of the bright

A B C

stars and many of the faint one .

40.The average elevation of West Virginia is about 1,500 foot above sea level.

A B C D