Time and Tense

Present Indefinite Tense

iii. Ram and Shyam are (a)/ fit and fine because (b)/ they
Definition: - It indicates to an action which is done at
present time. It is neither going on nor completed. are doing (c)/ exercise regularly. (d)/ No error (e)
यह Action की वह State है जिसमें वर्तमान समय मे Action होर्ा है परंर्ु न र्ो
यह चल रहा है और न ही ख़त्म है। 2. In given situations Present Indefinite Tense is used: -

e.g. प्रधानमंत्री लाल जकले पर झण्डा फहरार्े हैं। i. Mathematical Facts ii. Scientific Facts

The Prime Minister hoists the flag at the Red Fort. iii. Universal Truth iv. General Facts
v. Habitual Actions vi. Daily Routine
Structures
vii. Proverbs
Affirmative – V1/V5
e.g.
Negative – do/does + not + V1
i. Two and two makes four. (MF)
Interrogative – (WH) + do/does + sub + V1………(?)
ii. Gravitational force pulls everything down. (SF)
iii. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. (UT)
V5/Does – With Singular Subject
iv. This road leads to the Metro Station. (GF)
V1/Do – With Plural Subject, I & You
v. She writes with her left hand. (HA)
e.g.
vi. He gets up at 6am and goes to bed at 10pm. (DR)
My brother runs very fast.
vii. Beauty needs no ornaments. (Proverb)
Raju does not speak the truth.
Practice
Does he learn English?
i. The teacher taught us (a)/ today that two and two (b)/
Why do you quarrel with your neighbour?
made four. (c)/ No Error (d)

Examination Based Concepts

ii. If you switch on the button, the fan will start playing.
1. Key Words: Always, usually, commonly, generally,
daily, regularly, frequently, often, seldom, hardly, rarely, (a) start playing (b) No Improvement
barely, scarcely, sometimes, still, every+time, each+time, (c) would start playing (d) starts playing
once a week, twice a week, thrice a week, etc.
e.g. She often advises me to work hard to crack the exam.
iii. She writes with her both hands because she is
Practice
ambidextrous.
i. Reena with her parents_____ Vaishno Devi once a year.
(a) is writing (b) writes
a. visit b. visits
(c) has written (d) wrote
c. has visited d. are going to visit
ii. Ramit seldom does not go to watch a movie to the
cinema hall.
3. Probable Condition

a. seldom go to watch If you learn English, you will get a government job soon.

b. seldom do not go to watch or

c. seldom goes to watch You will get a government job soon if you learn English.

d. No Improvement/No correction required

 Time and Tense
Time Line
I will go / go to watch a movie tomorrow and I have
booked my tickets

Practice

Now Second i. This metro _____ at Huda City Centre.

First

Condition Result a. will terminate b. terminates

Pre. Ind. Tense Future Ind.

c. will terminated d. has terminating
Tense
e.g.
ii. The match between India and Pakistan will start at
If she tells me the truth, I will forgive her.
5pm tomorrow.
I will forgive her if she tells me the truth.

Practice a. No Improvement b. started

i. If it ______ , you will get wet. c. start d. starts

a. will rain b. rain
iii. The Prime Minister (a)/ will visit (b)/ the flood
c. rains d. rained
stricken area next Monday. (c)/ No error (d)

ii. You will miss the bus if you will not hurry. No error Present Continuous Tense
a b c d
Definition: It indicates to an action which is going on at Present
iii. I will wear a jacket if it will be cold.
Time.
a. is b. was c. were d. No improvement
यह Action की वह अवस्था है जिसमें वर्तमान समय में Action चल रहा होर्ा है।
4. Fixed Future programmers Present Indefinite Tense
e.g.
(a) My birthday will come off next month. ( )
(b) My birthday comes off next month. ( ) The children are playing football in the playground at the moment.
Present Time

Time-X

Now Now
Progressive
e.g. I will go / go to watch a movie tomorrow as I have a
Prog
holiday.
ressi
ve
 Time and Tense
Structures the moment.

Affirmative:- is/am/are + V4 (a) No Improvement (b) is feeling

Negative:- is/am/are + not + V4 (c) will feel (d) felt

Interrogative (WH) + is/am/are + sub + V4……(?) 3. For Fixed Future Programme:- Present Tense
Is - With Singular Subject

Am - With I

Present Time
Are - With Plural Subjet

Examination Based Concepts

1. Key Words- Now, now a days, these days, still, day by

day, at this time, at this moment, at the time, at the
moment, at present, gradually, etc.

e.g. Sohan is living in Delhi these days. Now

Practice Practice
i. Neeru, my friend _____ in a school in Delhi now a days. i. He has built his body very strong because he ____
(a) are teaching (b) has taught in the body building competition.
(c) is teaching (d) will teach (a) will participate (b) is going to participate
ii. At the moment a postman (a)/ has been standing (b)/ at the gate

of the house. (c)/ No error (d)

ii. I and my wife ____ a car next year.
iii. Why is Sumit still rides a horse?
(a) will purchase (b) are going to purchase
(a) has Sumit been still riding (b) No improvement

(c) is Sumit still riding (d) has Sumit still ridden Action:- V4 (With Efforts)
4. Verbs of Senses
2. Difference between PCT & PPCT: State:- V1/V5 (Without Efforts)

Note:- PPCT shows the completion of some time while PCT Practice
doesn’t. i. She is looking beautiful. ( )
or
ii. She is looking at a beautiful flower. ( )
PPCT shows the completion of some part of an action
while PCT doesn’t. iii. Honey is tasting sweet. ( )

Practice iv. She is tasting soup to check salt. ( )

e.g. i. Rohan is playing football since morning. No error v. I am having a car. ( )

a b c d vi. She is having a burger. ( )
ii. The patient ____ medicine for the last 10 days. vii. Flowers are smelling sweet. ( )
(a) is taking (b) has taking viii. Ramesh is smelling flowers. ( )
(c) has been taking (d) is taken ix. Sumit is resembling his father in a suit. ( )
iii. The doctor has been feeling the pulse of the patient at x. You are seeming sad today. ( )
 Time and Tense
1. Key Words: - Recently, presently, lately, already,
जनम्नजलजिर् Verbs का प्रयोग Present Progressive अथवा V4 में
नहीं होर्ा है: - so far, as yet, yet, till now, by now, ever, just now,

Think, resemble, need, dare, trust, remember, just, since + time, for + time, etc.
possess, smell, see, forget, notice, hear, want, believe, e.g.
know, hate, seem, appear, continue, care, feel, gather,
understand, desire, refuse, recognize, taste, own, a. I have already paid my room rent.
look, love, wish, mean, suppose, consist, comprise, b. She hasn’t talked to me so far.
belong, etc.
c. He has been in Dubai since 2015.
e.g. Sunil is desiring to be an I.A.S. ()
d. We have been in Delhi for 5 years.
Sunil desires to be an I.A.S. (✓)
Practice
लेजकन ‘see’ का अथत यजि ‘जमलना’ (meet) होर्ा है र्ो इसे
i. No one _____ about Amar for more than 5 years.
Progressive में प्रयोग कर सकर्े है।
a. heard b. is hearing
e.g. I am seeing you tomorrow. (✓)
c. has heard d. will hear
‘Hear’ का अथत To justice (सुनवाई) होने पर The Judge is
ii. Why did she not submitted the assignments to the
hearing the case. हो सकर्ा है।
teacher as yet?
Present Perfect Tense
a. No improvement b. has she not submitted
Definition: - It indicates to an action which occurred
c. did not submit d. had not submitted
in the past time but shows its effect at the time of
speaking.
iii. One of my friends is in the hospital since last Monday.
यह Action की वह अवस्था है जिसमें Past Time में घजिर् हुए Action a b c
का प्रभाव/असर वर्तमान समय में नज़र आर्ा है। No error
d

With Effect iv. Ramita not her cousins (a)/ has a beautiful car (b)/ for 2
years. (c)/ No error (d)

Past Present 2. Difference between

Present Perfect & Past Indefinite Tense
Structures Period & Point of time Perfect Tense
Affirmative- Has/Have + V3 Exact/Particular Time Indefinite Tense
Negative- Has/Have + not + V3 e.g.
Interrogative- (WH) + Has/Have + sub + V3…… (?) a. Science has given us many new inventions since
Has - With Singular Subject 19th century. ( )
Have – With Plural Subject, I & You
b. Science has given us many new inventions in the
Concepts Based on Competitive Exams 19th century. ( )
 Time and Tense
Practice
3. For Progressive Perfect/Per. Cont.
i. I love dancing and singing since childhood.
Non-Progressive Indefinite Tense
a. am loving b. No Improvement

b. will love d. have loved Explanation

e.g.
ii. Ram has got his salary on Monday. No error
a b c d i. My father taught in this school for two years.

ii. My father has taught in this school for two years.

iii. My younger sister is ill for a week. No error
a b c d iii. My father has been teaching in this school for two

iv. I have seen the Prime Minister in Delhi in January. years.

a. No improvement b. had seen (Spot the error)

c. saw d. am seeing i. India is independent (a)/ for more than 70 years (b)/ still

we are economically backward. (c)/ No error (d)

(Past Indefinite or Present Perfect)
1. He ….. (be) a teacher since 2015.
ii. Ram along with Sita (a)/ and Laxman had gone (b)/ on
2. I don’t know him because I ….. (never meet) him.
exile for 14 years. (c)/ No error (d)
3. I ….. (come) to this town in 2010.

4. Two convicts ….. (escape) from prison last night. 4. With a clause Perfect Tense

5. He ….. already (entertain) the guests for two hours. This is the first time + Present Perfect

6. He ….. (get) a new car now. This was the first time + Past Perfect

7. He ….. (buy) it on Sunday. Note: Can be added: First, second, third, last, etc.

8. I ..... (already see) this film. Practice

9. I ….. (see) several film stars in Mumbai in 2020. e.g. i. This is the first time I drove a car alone.

10. Your officer will be angry with you because you (a) had driven (b) will drive

……… (not work) properly. (c) have driven (d) No improvement

11. Now he ….. (write) a book on Mahatama Gandhi.

Spot the error
12. He ….. (tour) India for a month last year.
ii. This was the first time I have visited Goa. No error
13. Here is your note-book. I ….. (correct) it.
a b c d
14. He ….. (leave) his house some days ago.

15. He ….. (not come) back yet.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Definition: - It indicates to an action which started in the

past and is still going on.

यह Action की वह अवस्था है जिसमें Action Past Time में शरू

ु हुआ और
अभी भी (बोलर्े समय/वर्तमान में) चल रहा है।

e.g. I have been living in Dehradoon since 2015.

 Time and Tense
3. Tinu and Tina have been learning English ____ six

months.

Present
4. Farida and Farhan have been learning French ___ 2020.

5. Jai and Julee have been going out together _____

Time Completion
Valentine's Day.

Starting Now 6. I haven't been on holiday ___ last July.

Point Progressive
7. Mannu has been saving her money ___ many years.
Structures 8. I haven't eaten anything ___ breakfast.
Affirmative Has/Have + been + V4 9. You have been watching TV ___ hours.
Negative Has/Have + not + been + V4 10. We have been living here ____ 2 months.
Interrogative WH Family + Has/Have + sub + been +
ii. One more concept to understand Since &
V4 … (?)
For:
For + the + last + period of time
Use of Since and For
Since + last + period of time
i. Since Point of time ( )
e.g.
Definite Time
Seema has been working here_____.
Uncountable time (s/es – x)
a. for last year
January, Sunday, am, pm, o’clock, childhood, 2015,
evening, morning, Diwali, Eid, death, birth, etc. b. since the last year
e.g. c. for the lasts year
Ram has been living in Shimla ____ 2019. d. since last years
a. since b. for

ii. For Period of time ( ) Concepts Based on Competitive Exams

Indefinite Time
1. Key Words
Countable Time (s/es – ✓)
Since+time
Second, Minute, Hour, Day, Week, Month, Year, Decade,
For+time
Century, etc.
Pre. Per. Cont.
Since when
e.g.
How long
My mother has been knitting a sweater for me ____ an
For how long
hour.
For a long time
a. since b. for
For long Past Per. Cont.
Decide whether to use since or for
*The whole night, day,
1. I have been waiting ____ 4 o'clock.
week, month, year, etc.
2. Suraj has only been waiting ____ 20 minutes.
 Time and Tense
Practice arrogant.
iv. Suman is learning English sincerely since her brother
e.g. i. For how long _______ as a manager in this bank?

(a) are you working threatened her to get her married.

(b) were you working v. Ram is upset since his mother scolded him.
(c) had you be working
vi. Since Rohan joined this company till then
(d) have you been working
the company has been progressing a lot.
(e) have you working

Present Tense Miscellaneous Practice

ii. The dogs were barking the whole night due to this
a b c Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verb in
I couldn’t sleep at all. No error brackets.
d e 1. ____ Prateek _____ (know) how to fix the tap?

3. Since as a Conjunction:
2. _____ you ever _____ (eat) frog’s legs?
i. Amit has been working here for 5 months.
3. _____ you ever _____ (visit) London?
ii. Amit has been working here since January.
4. Anwar ______ (pass) his exams and he is very happy.
iii. Amit has been working here since Ramit left this job.
5. David _____ (know) how to play chess, but I don't.

Amit has been working here since Ramit left this job. 6. Every year Pawan ______ (spend) his holidays in Italy.
PC Conj. SC
7. How long _____ she _____ (have) that car for?
OR 8. How often ____ you _____ (go) to the gym?
Since Ramit left this job, Amit has been working here. 9. I _____ (think) you can speak English very well.
Conj. SC PC
10. I _____ (not hear) this song for ages.

Present Per. 11. I _____ (be) to Canada twice.

+ Since + Past Ind. Tense 12. I _____ (not speak) to John since July.

Present Per Cont. 13. I can't talk now. I _____ (study) for my exams.

14. I often _____ (walk) to school with my friends.

i. I have been in Delhi since 2005. 15. I usually _____ (go) dancing on Saturdays.
Prepo Noun
16. I'm really fed up! You _____ (always copy) my homework!
ii. I have been in Delhi since I got birth.
PC Conj. SC 17. It _____ (be) a long time since we last saw you.

18. Jasbir _____ (not make) his bed yet.

Spot the error
19. Leena _____ (just sell) her postcard collection.
i. We are living in Mumbai since birth.
20. My boyfriend ______ (always arrive) late and I can't stand it!
ii. He did not complete any big project since he got 21. My daughter ______ (not clean) her bedroom yet.

promotion. 22. My father _____ (just go) to the supermarket.

23. My friends usually ______ (download) music from the

iii. Since Ram has got a government job, he has been
 Time and Tense
internet. 12. have not spoken
24. My mother _____ never _____ (try) Chinese food.
13. am studying
25. My sister ______ (always use) my clothes without my
permission. 14. walk
26. New films _____ (come out) every Friday. 15. go
27. Now-a-days children ______ (spend) too much time watching
16. always copy
TV.
28. Reema ____ (not cook) very well. 17. has been

29. Someone ______ (take) my pen because I can't find it. 18. has not made

30. Sonia is in her bedroom. I think she _____ (do) her 19. has just sold
homework.
20. always arrives
31. Stop talking! I _____ (watch) my favourite
programme right now.
21. has not cleaned
32. The bus _____ (leave) at five past every hour except

on Sundays. 22. has just gone

33. The film ____ (start) at 9.30 pm. 23. download
34. They ____ (live) in this flat since 2005. 24. has never tried
35. They _____ (not play) football at the moment. 25. always uses
36. This guitar _____ (belong) to my grandfather. 26. come out
37. We ______ (not be) to the new shopping centre yet. 27. are Spending
38. We _____ (just see) a terrific film. 28. does not cook
39. Where are you? We _____ (wait) for you for 15 29. has taken
minutes. 30. is doing
40. You _____ (need) to revise for your exams! 31. am watching
ANSWER KEYS 32. leaves
1. does Prateek know 33. starts
2. have you ever eaten 34. have been living
3. have you ever visited 35. are not playing
4. has passed 36. belongs to
5. knows 37. have not been
6. spends 38. have just seen
7. has she been having 39. have been waiting
8. do you go 40. need
9. think

10. have not heard

11. have been to

 Time and Tense
Past Indefinite Tense 2. To Describe Past Events/Accidents/
Incidents/Experiences
Definition: - It indicates to an action done at the past
I went to Mumbai when I was ten years old. Those days
(particular, exact, specific) time. Mumbai had no huge traffic. I saw several actors and their
यह Action की वह अवस्था है जिसमें Action, Past में जकसी जनजिर् समय shootings.
Practice
(Point . ) पर घजिर् हुआ हो।
e.g. Mahatma Gandhi got birth in 1869. i. The workers (demand) the dismissal of the manager.
The factory owners (not pay) any attention to the
demand. So they (decide) to go on strike.

ii. It …. (rain) heavily for a week and a dam …. (break).

The villages for miles around ………. (be) under water.

5Y 5M 5W 5M Now
3. Parallelism
Time Line
Structure e.g. The patient had died before the doctor came.
PC Conj. SC
Affirmative V2 Past Per. Past Ind.
Negative did + not + V1
When I reached the station, it was raining cats and dogs.
Interrogative (WH) + did + Sub + V1 ..... (?) Conj. SC PC
Past Ind. Past Cont.

Concepts Based on Competitive Exams

4. When ‘Since’ is used as a Conjunction:
1. Key Words- Yesterday, last, ago, past, back, in + time, on
+ time, at + time, Adverb of past time, exact/specific time, e.g. i. I have been in Delhi since Sunday.
often, seldom, usually, normally, generally, sometimes, Prepo Noun
daily, always, would, before, since, etc.
ii. I have been in Delhi since I attended a marriage.
e.g. i. My father has come from Mumbai yesterday. NE
PC Conj. SC (Past Ind.)
a b c d

ii. India has got freedom in 1947. No Error

Practice
a b c d i. My mobile has been (a)/ working properly since
(b)/Amar has repaired it. (c)/ No Error (d)

iii. I had taken food 10 minutes ago. No Error

a b c d ii. She has been in Mumbai since she had got married.
(a) got married (b) has got married
iv. My brother had deposited his college fee the day before (c) would get married (d) will get married
yesterday.
(a) has deposited
(b) deposited Past Continuous Tense
(c) will have deposited Definition: - It indicates to an action which was
(d) No correction required progressive/continuing in the past time.

यह Action की वह अवस्था है जिसमे Past Time में Action चल रहा था।

 Time and Tense
Structures
Affirmative had + V3
(No time completion)
Negative had + not + V3

Now Interrogative (WH) + had + sub + V3….(?)

Progressive
Examination Based Concepts
Structures
Spot the error
Affirmative Was/Were + V4
i. The audience had taken their seats before the film had
Negative Was/Were + not + V4 a b c
Interrogative (WH) + Was/Were + Sub + V4 ..... (?) started. No error
d

Concepts Based on Competitive Exams ii. The audience had taken their seats after the film had
a b c
2. Key Words Those days, at that time, at that moment, started. No error.
d
day by day, etc.

e.g.
Sentence Improvement
iii. The gardener complained against my son that he
i. One of my friends was working in the HDFC Bank those days.
will ruin his garden.
Practice
(a) has ruined (b) had ruined
i. Those days I had run my new business in Indore. NE
(c) ruined (d) No Improvement
a b c d e

ii. My mother knitted a sweater for me at that moment. NE Blanks

a b c d
iv. The painter ______ my room before Diwali.
Past Perfect Tense
(a) had painted (b) will painted
Definition: - It indicates to an action which had completed
(c) is painting (d) painted
in the past time before another action took place.
v. The painter ______ my room after Diwali.
यह Action की वह अवस्था है जिसमे Past में एक कायत जकसी िूसरे कायत के होने से
(a) had painted (b) will painted
पहले घजिर् हो चुका था।
(c) is painting (d) painted
e.g.
vi. She failed because she ______ at all.
i. The train had reached Delhi before it got dark.
(a) didn’t practise (b) hadn’t practised
ii. My brother had climbed up the tree before his friends.
(c) won’t practise (d) hasn’t practiced

Concepts Based on Competitive Exams

1. Key Words Till Then, By then, Already, Before,
Past of Past Past Now Till/By + Time, etc.
Past Perfect Past Indefinite
e.g. i. I with my mother reached home till then. No error
[Had + V3] [V2]
a b c d
 Time and Tense
ii. She with me already submitted her assignments to the
Concepts Based on Competitive Exams
a b
Spot the error
Principal. No error
c d e.g. James was teaching at the university for more than a
a b c
2. Impossible and Improbable Condition year before leaving for Canada. No error
d e
It is high time + Past Indefinite Tense

It was high time + Past Perfect Tense

1. Key Words:
Since + time
Spot the error Pre. Per. Tense
For + time
i. It is high time we should start our new business. Pre. Per. Conti.
How long
a b c
No error For how long
d
For a long time
Sentence Improvement
For long
ii. It was good time she hard to secure good marks.
Since when
(a) had worked (b) should have worked
The whole day, night,
(c) should work (d) No Improvement
week, month, year, Past Per. Tense

etc. Past Per. Conti.

Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Definition: - It indicates to an action which had been going
on for some time before it was finished or another action
Blank
took place. e.g. i. For how long ____German language before going to
यह Action की वह अवस्था है जिसमें कायत Past Time में कुछ समय से चल रहा Germany?
a. were you learning
था, परन्र्ु याि रहे Progessive Action के ित्म होने से पहले या Another
Action के घजिर् होने र्क ही कायत चल रहा था। b. have you been learning
c. had you been learning
e.g. She had been studying in Australia for 3 years before coming to India.
d. will you have been learning
e. None of the above

(Time – (✓) Sentence Improvement

Progressive Now e.g. ii. I was studying English with my brother the whole night

before the sun rose.

Structures a. had been studying

Affirmative:- had + been + V4 b. have been studying

Negative:- had + not + been + V4 c. will have been studying

Interrogative:- (WH) + had + sub + been +V4 …. (?) d. No Improvement

 Time and Tense
2. Parallelism 21. My clothes were dirty because I _____ (work) all day.

Principal Clause + Conjunction + Subordinate Clause 22. _____ you _____ (read) the book by the time Leo

came?
Past Per. Cont. Past Ind. Tense
23. Tarun _____ (play) in the garden when it began to

rain.
e.g. The naughty students had been plucking
PC 24. Where _____ (spend) you _____ (spend) your holidays
the mangoes for 15 minutes when
Conj last year?
the gardener arrived.
25. He ______ (repair) the engine all day.
SC
26. Narender ____ (fail) his exam. He was very sad.
Past Tense Miscellaneous Practice 27. Amar _____ (go) to the club when I saw him.
Fill in the correct verb: 28. The day was nice. I _____ (ski) for three hours.
1. We _____ (purchase) a new car yesterday. 29. Who _____ (meet) you at the railway station
2. Ann _____ (speak) to her brother when I arrived. yesterday?
3. Helen was tired because she ______ (work) since 30. We _____ (write) a test at 10 O'clock yesterday.
morning.
Answer Keys
4. I ______ (do) my homework before my mum came.
1. Purchased
5. Aman _____ (leave) home ten minutes ago.
2. was speaking
6. Kavita ______ (live) there for 5 years before she left.
3. had been working
7. Pramila _____ (tidy) the room when the telephone
4. had done
rang.
5. left
8. Prem _____ (repair) my car by two o'clock yesterday.
6. had been loving
9. I ____ (play) computer games until 3 o'clock.
7. was tiding
10. Anil _____ (not help) me with my homework
8. had repaired
yesterday.
9. had played
11. Aliza ____ (not cook) lunch before her brother came.
10. did not help
12. He was tired. He _____ (drive) his car for 7 hours.
11. had not cooked
13. What ____ (do) you (do) at 3 o'clock yesterday?
12. had been driving
14. I _____ (finish) my letter before the film started.
13. were you doing
15. Ali ____ (win) the championship last year.
14. had finished
16. She ____ (make) bracelets since she was seven.
15. won
17. Mona realized that she _____ (lose) her watch.

18. I _____ (not watch) the film when you phoned me.
16. had been making
19. After he _____, (leave) I began cooking.
17. lost
20. I ______ (forget) my keys at school yesterday.
18. was not watching
 Time and Tense
19. had left 1. Key Words: Next, tomorrow, soon, in a short while,
in a short time, probably, shortly, in a few minutes,
20. forgot within a week, God willing, etc.
21. had been working
Spot the error
22. had you read
I will have left for office in a short while. No error
23. was playing
a b c d
24. did you spend
Sentence Improvement
25. hall been repairing
ii. God willing she got a government job.
26. failed
(a) is getting (b) will get
27. was going
(c) has got (d) No correction required
28. had been skiing

29. met
2. Conditional Sentence
30. wrote
Probable Condition
Future Indefinite Tense
Definition: - It indicates to an action which will be

done in the future exact/specific time.

(It is expected.) Now Condition Result

यह Action की वह अवस्था है जिसमें कायत Future Time में (SC) (PC)

सभ
ं ाजवर् र्ौर पर और जनजिर् समय पर घजिर् होगा। (PIT) (FIT)

e.g. I will pay my room rent on Monday. e.g.

i. If she shouts, mummy will scold her.

Time Line ii. If I am a doctor, I will treat the poor patients without
fee.

iii. When I have a car, I will take you for a long drive.

Now Spot the error

5M 5H 5D 5W 5M
i. If she threatens me, (a)/ I would complain against her (b)/ to the

Structures Principal. (c)/ No Error (d)

Affirmative:- Shall/Will + V1
Fill in the blank
Negative:- Shall/Will + not + V1
ii. Supposing he cheats you, what _____ ?
Interrogative:- (WH) + Shall/Will + Sub + V1 ..... (?)
(a) do you do (b) would you do

(c) should you do (d) will you do

Concepts Based on Competitive Exams
 Time and Tense
Fill in the blank Practice
iii. If you _____ hard, you will be well prepared for the test. Spot the error
(a) do not study (b) will study i. Reena will have travelling by flight at this time
a b c
(c) study (d) studies
tomorrow. No error
d
Sentence Improvement
Sentence Improvement
iv. If I don’t finish this project, the teacher get angry.
ii. I will watch the cricket match at the moment this
a. No improvement b. will get angry
Sunday.
c. won’t get angry d. gets angry
a. will have watched b. will be watching

Future Continuous Tense c. have watched d. No Improvement

Definition: - It indicates to an action which will be going on 2. Parallelism

in future time.
यह Action की वह अवस्था है जिसमें Future Time में Action चल रहा होगा। PC SC
e.g. He will be travelling by air at moment tomorrow. Future Continuous Present Indefinite
e.g. i. She will be preparing dinner when I reach home.
Future

ii. I will be sleeping when he knocks at the door.

Practice

Fill in the blank

Now Progressive
i. When he ______ the cinema hall, the film will be going on.

a. will arrive at b. arrives at

Structures
c. will have arrived at d. has arrived at
Affirmative Shall/Will + be + V4
Spot the error
Negative Shall/Will + not + be + V4
ii. My brother will be sleeping in his room when you will
Interrogative (WH) + Shall/Will + Sub + be + V4….. (?) a b c

make him a call. No error

Examination Based Concepts d

1. Key Words Future Perfect Tense

Next, tomorrow, soon, etc. + At this time, at this moment, Definition: - It indicates to an action which is expected to
have been completed in future time before another
at the time, at the moment, etc. action takes place.

(Time) (State) यह Action की वह अवस्था है जिसमें यह उम्मीि की िार्ी है जक एक

(Future) कायत जकसी िूसरे कायत के होने से पहले घजिर् हो चुका होगा।
(Continuous)
 Time and Tense
2. Some other key words:
e.g. We shall have reached Delhi before it gets dark.
For + time
Future
How long
Future Perfect
For how long
*The whole day,
Now Previous Subsequent
Action week, month, etc. Future Perfect
Action
*Throughout the Continuous

Structures day, week, etc.

Affirmative:- Shall/Will + have + V3 Practice
Negative:- Shall/Will + not + have + V3 Spot the error
Interrogative:- (WH) + Shall/Will + have + sub + V3…(?) i. Ramdeen, a poor farmer (a)/ will plough the field (b)/

throughout the day. (c)/ No error (d)

ii. She will have worked (a)/ very hard the whole month
Examination Based Concepts
(b)/ to get her hard-earned money. (c)/ No Error (d)

1. Key Words
3. Parallelism
Principal Clause Subordinate Clause
Next, tomorrow, soon, etc. + Till+time, by+time, already, etc.
Future Perfect Present Indefinite

Time State e.g. All the employees will have completed

(Future) (Perfect) PC

the pending task before the boss arrives.

Conj. SC

e.g.
Sentence Improvement
She will have submitted her assignments by next Monday.
i. She will have submitted her form before the window

will have closed.

Sentence Improvement
(a) will close (b) is closing
By this time tomorrow, Ramit may be completing his work.
(c) closes (d) No Improvement
(a) will complete

(b) will have been completing Spot the error

(c) will have completed ii. All the students will have (a)/ submitted their
(d) No correction required assignments before (b)/ the Principal will come. (c)/
No error (d)
 Time and Tense
Future Perfect Continuous Tense Spot the error
Definition: - It indicates to an action that will be continuing ii. I will be teaching (a)/ in Indore for (b)/ 4 years by

for some time in the future. 2025. (c)/ No error (d)

यह Action की वह अवस्था है जिसमे भजवष्य मे कोई Action कुछ समय से चल Fill in the blanks
रहा होगा। iii. Ramit _____ in the ICICI Bank in Kolkata from 2022.

e.g. Rohit will have been running this business for 5 years a. will have been working

by next month. b. will be working

Future Tense
Miscellaneous Practice
Time - ✓

Now
( ) 1. Stop that, or I _______ (tell) your parents.

2. I am going to the supermarket this afternoon. -Oh,

Progressive
that's great. _____ (you/ get) me some fruit?

e.g. 3. Lorna isn't playing very well. She _____ (lose) the

i. John will have been reading a novel for an hour when his match.
mother arrives home. 4. We will go out as soon as we _____ (finish) this.

5. If you want to go to the concert, it ____ (start) at 8 pm.

ii. By 2025, I will have been teaching English for 3 years.
Don't be late.

6. People ____ (spend) holidays in space in the 22nd

iii. She will have been washing the clothes from tomorrow
morning. century.

1. Key Words 7. I hope my dad _____ (win) the lottery next week.

For long 8. I'm sure it _____ (rain) in spring.

For how long Future Perfect 9. Paul _____ (have) a Math exam on Monday.
For + time 10. I need some help to move this sofa. No, problem. I
*The whole day, Future Perfect continuous _____ (help) you. I'm much stronger than you.
Week, month, 11. I _____ (pay) all my debts in a week's time.
etc.
12. In 150 years, men _____ (likely/be) bald.
e.g. We shall have been dealing in sugar for 10 years
13. Sarah _____ (sleep) by the time her dad arrives home
by 2026. from the office.

Fill in the blanks 14. Ted looks very tired. Yes, he ____ (fall) asleep soon.

15. Today is the 18th of May. Ann and Andy _____ (get)
i. Ramit _____in Mumbai for 3 years by December.
married on the 14th of June. On the 28th of June, they (be)
a. will have been living married for two weeks.

b. will be living 16. Where _____ (you work) in ten-year time?

17. It's freezing outside. You ____ (get) a cold if you go

 Time and Tense
out.

18. By 2030 he _____ (work) for that company for 30 7. will win

years. 8. will be raining

19. What _____ (you/ do) when you leave university? 9. will have

20. This is the third glass of beer she has drunk. She 10. will help you

should stop drinking. She ____ (get) drunk. 11. shall pay

21. Do that again and I ____ (fire) you! 12. will likely be

22. Give me all your money or I ____ (shoot) you. 13. will have slept

23. The water is already very hot. It ____ (boil) in a 14. will fall

minute. 15. get / will have been

24. I ____ (get) down to work after I have written this 16. will you have been working

e-mail. 17. shall get

25. Look at that woman. She ____ (faint). 18. will have worked

26. The baby ____ (sleep) when you call Mrs. Stevenson. 19. will you do

27. Look at that broken tile on the wall. It ____ (fall) 20. will get

down soon. 21. will fire

28. I think I ____ (take) the dog for a walk now. 22. will shoot

29. I haven't had time to buy Fred a present for his 23. will boil

birthday. Never mind. I _____ (buy) him one when I 24. will get

go downtown. 25. will faint

30. What time, _____ (your English class / start)? 26. will be seeping

It ___ (start) at 4 and _____ (finish) at 5:15. 27. will fall

31. This time next week I _____ (lie) on the beach in 28. will have taken

Goa. 29. will buy

32. He _____ (spend) all his money by the end of the 30. will your English class start/ starts / finishes

week. 31. will be lying

Answer Keys 32. will have spent

1. will tell

2. will you get

3. will lose

4. finish

5. starts

6. will spend