29-07-2023

IoT Platforms for Use case Development

What is an IoT Platform?

 IoT platform is an integrated service that fulfills the gap between the
IoT device and application
 Offer data collection, processing, visualization, and device
management services
 In heterogeneous IoT environments, IoT platforms support integration between third-
party apps, sensors, legacy equipment, and other connected devices

1
 29-07-2023

What is an IoT Platform? ….

 Helps to bring the physical object online. Connect devices, sensors,
machines, etc.
 Enables device connectivity via industry standard IoT protocols - MQTT,
CoAP and HTTP and supports both cloud and on-premises deployments
 Provides application-level capabilities for humans to interact with the
IoT system.
 Capture, analyze, and organize data collected from various devices
 Secure devices, data, and networks.
 Integrate IoT systems with existing business processes like inventory
management, CRMs, etc.

Categories of IoT Platforms

2
 29-07-2023

Various Categories of IoT Platforms

Connectivity Platforms: connectivity platforms are designed to manage the networking aspects of an
IoT system. Provide the connectivity hardware, software, and performance analytics associated
with keeping all devices in your system online. These platforms are typically offered through existing
WiFi providers and carrier services that configure the connection allowing for easy set-up.

Device Management Platforms: ensure that all devices in an IoT system are secure and connected,
monitor system and handle the routine tasks associated with all connected devices. Think firmware
updates, patching, reporting, and alerting users to any device-related changes.

Cloud Platforms: Cloud platforms offer a centralized hub managing your data and backend
processes.
Application Enablement Platforms: platforms typically include software and devices, along with
development and deployment solutions. It take care of the development, network configuration,
and installation typically done in-house–potentially saving organizations time and money.
Advanced Analytics Platforms: Advanced analytics platforms are designed to support IoT systems
that use AI and machine learning applications and harvest vast quantities of data. These IoT
platforms extract critical insights in real-time, enabling rapid decision-making.

Open Source Internet of Things (IoT) Platforms

• IoT device management

• IoT development toolchain

• IoT data analytics

• Security by design

• Resources & a community for developers

https://jansutris10.medium.com/open-source-internet-of-
things-iot-platforms-9afd187465ca

3
 29-07-2023

2. Communication API’s- REST & Websocket

Communication API’s
• An API is an interface used by programs to access an application.
• It enables a program to send commands to another program and
receive replies from the app.
• IoT APIs are the interface points between an IoT device and the Internet
and/or other network components.

REST APIs

 REST APIs that follow the request response communication

model

 REST API is a way of accessing web services in a simple and

flexible way

 REST uses less bandwidth, simple and flexible making it more

suitable for internet usage.

 All communication done via REST API uses only HTTP

request.

 A request is sent from client to server in the form of a web

URL as HTTP GET or POST or PUT or DELETE request.

 Response comes back from the server in the form of a resource

which can be anything like HTML, XML, Image, or JSON.

 JSON is the most popular format being used in Web Services.

4
 29-07-2023

IoT device has WiFi, you can expose a REST API over HTTPS that can be called by an Excel add-in.

This API can then be used to read sensor data, or control actuators.

5
 29-07-2023

REST for devices control communication

11

WebSocket
WebSocket is bidirectional, a full-duplex protocol that is used in the
same scenario of client-server communication, unlike HTTP it starts
from ws:// or wss://.

It is a stateful protocol, which means the connection between client

and server will keep alive until it is terminated by either party (client
or server).

After closing the connection by either of the client and server, the
connection is terminated from both ends.

real-time applications like (trading, monitoring, notification)

services use WebSocket to receive the data on a single
communication channel

All the frequently updated applications used WebSocket because

it is faster than HTTP Connection.

6
 29-07-2023

WebSocket Case Study – Toggle a LED

https://randomnerdtutorials.com/esp8266-nodemcu-websocket-server-arduino/
https://www.educba.com/node-red-websocket/

7
 29-07-2023

Advantages of WebSocket API:

• Real-time communication: WebSocket APIs enable real-time
communication between the server and client, making them ideal for
applications that require real-time updates.
• Efficiency: WebSocket APIs are more efficient than REST APIs for
real-time applications, as they use a persistent connection to enable
bidirectional communication.
• Scalability: WebSocket APIs are highly scalable, as they can support
thousands of connections per server.
• Reduced overhead: WebSocket APIs have lower overhead than REST
APIs, as they use a single connection to transmit data.

IoT scalability
IoT scalability refers to the ability to go from prototype to production in a seamless way.

IoT projects fail—up to 75 percent, according to an oft-cited 2017 Cisco report.

IoT involves a complex technology stack, and few companies have all the needed hardware, software,
and connectivity expertise in-house.

IoT deployments, companies need the ability to scale up and down depending on the amount of data
their fleet of devices is providing.

Common IoT Scalability Challenges

Securing your IoT devices and the network as you scale up production and deployment can be challenging, especially
for smaller companies that may not have a dedicated team of in-house cybersecurity experts to aid them.

IoT device management: Integrating hardware architecture with cloud and connectivity providers is another challenge
inherent in device management. It can be a complicated and challenging process when companies attempt to integrate
hardware, software, and connectivity themselves.
•cellular coverage for an IoT deployment may also prove difficult, especially when you're deploying devices across
vast geographic areas. Traditional SIM or eSIM, Modem components and modules, SIM provider mobile network
operator and Roaming partner MNOs

8
 29-07-2023

Tips For IoT at Scale

1. Start Small and Build Out from There: Firstly, if you’re looking to scale responsibly,
it may be a good idea to limit your growth over time.
• If you start your project with a few manageable devices, periodically adding one or
two over time, you won’t have to change your entire infrastructure and it won’t take
much time to accommodate them.
2. Use Simple Architecture: Choosing the right architecture for your project from the
very beginning leads to way fewer problems in the future. Moreover, it’s important to
choose an option that has the future in mind. If you start your project with a few
manageable devices, periodically adding one or two over time, you won’t have to
change your entire infrastructure and it won’t take much time to accommodate them.
3. Use a Decentralized AEP Platform: Another way to effectively scale up your IoT
project is by using a decentralized IoT Application Enablement Platform (AEP).

9
 29-07-2023

IoT Verticals

10
 29-07-2023

Smart Cities

11