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Media and
Information
Literacy
Quarter 1 – Module 5:
Types of Media
 Quarter 1
Module 5 - Week 5
Types of Media

Content Standard : The learner demonstrates understanding of Media

and Information Literacy (MIL) and MIL related
concepts.
Performance Standard : The learner organizes a creative and interactive
symposium for the community focusing on being a
media and information literate individual.
Learning Outcomes : Upon the completion of the module, the SHS students
are expected to distinguish right or wrong information
and at the same time media and information literate
individual with responsibility and accountability
Competency : Compare and contrast how one particular issue or
news is presented through the different types of media
(print, broadcast, online)
Topic : Media Convergence

What I Need to Know

Welcome to module five of Media and Information Literacy. Before this

module, you were able to learn more about the development of media across ages
and how it affects your values and norms.

In this module, you will be learning the types of media and media convergence.
Particularly, you will learn that different types of media have different ways of
presenting issues and news.

After going through this module, the learners are expected to:

1. identify different types of media;

2. define media convergence in different context;
3. discuss how media personalities influence public opinion; and
4. discuss how issues and news vary in media presentation.
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 What’s In

Let’s see how much you have learned from the previous module by
accomplishing the activity below.

Instruction: Study the picture closely and complete the corresponding insight.

Media evolution is
__________________________.
There are 3 things I learned
about media evolution.
These are _______, _______
and ______. But the most
important is ______.

Source: https://tinyurl.com/y6h4z7e6

It’s really impressive that you have all these ideas in mind. Let’s explore and
learn more about media evolution as you go on reading and answering all the
activities in this module. Keep going!

What’s New

In studying media, it is important that you know how to classify their types.
Categorize the following examples of media and place them in the appropriate
column. Write your answers in a separate piece of paper.

-- Kapuso Mo Jessica Soho ( KMJS) -- twitter.com

-- Arankada ni Leo Lastimosa -- Ivan Alawi Blog
-- Lloyd Suar ez On-boad -- Good Morning America Podcast
-- Wiley Online Journal -- Time Magazine
-- Reader’s Digest
-- Pathways to Communication Secondary English Series (textbook)

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 Types of Media

Print Broadcast New Media

Interesting! You really know how to group your favorite media that you
patronized every day. Let’s find out more about them. Read the next section to learn
more.

What is It

We use different types of media to find out news, learn new things, and entertain
ourselves. As time passed, people came up with different modes to provide news to
the public. Today, we don’t have to travel oceans or wait for a pigeon to get the latest
news. Here, you’ll learn that today’s media fall under three main categories.

Types Definition Examples Specifics

media consisting of paper books, newspapers, Textbook in Oral
and ink, reproduced in a magazines, Communication in
Print printing process that is banners, Context, Cebu
Media traditionally mechanical. billboards, Daily Newspaper
brochures, flyers

media that reach target radio, television TV5, iFM

Broadcast audience using airwaves
Media as the transmission
medium
content organized and internet media such CNN digital, Nas
New distributed on digital as blogs, podcasts Daily blog
Media platforms

With the advancement in technology, we can choose the type of media we want,
anytime, and anywhere. So, we can hear the radio while commuting to school or
work. We can watch our favorite show or movie on our phone, and we can find out
any information and news on our laptop or mobile any devices.

What could lead to this evolution of media types? Continue reading below.

Media Convergence

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 According to Flew (n.d,) Media convergence is a
phenomenon involving the interconnection of information
and communications technologies namely computer
networks, and media content. It is a direct result of the
digitization of media content and the popularization of the
Internet. It modernizes established industries, services,
and work practices and enables entirely new forms of
content to emerge.

cdn.britannica.com
Technological Convergence

The emergence of World Wide Web, smartphone, tablet, computers, smart

televisions, and other digital devices, has been possible for billions of people around
the world to access media content that once tied to a specific communication media
(print and broadcast) or platforms (newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and
cinema). As a result, media organization and media content producers have
developed a cross-media content.

For example, news organizations like GMA no longer simply provide just
audiovisual content but are portals like their website, YouTube channels and the like
that make material available in forms such as text, video, and podcasts, as well as
providing links to other relevant resources, online access to their archives, and
opportunities for users to comment on the story or provide links to relevant material.

Social Media

Social media refers to technologies, platforms, and services that allow users
whether individual or group to actively participate in communication, It is the new
leading force of media convergent sector which through internet allows individuals
to participate media not only as a consumer but also as a producers like social
network Facebook, the microblogging service Twitter, the video sharing website
YouTube, blog software such as Blogger and WordPress and many others.

Media Personalities

Media convergence also paves the way for media and information
personalities. Thus, the terms Tri-media, Multi-media, Queen of all Media is created.
These individuals become the media content producers who like to share to their
viewers that they are like the latter by sharing relatable sometimes embarrassing
experiences in media. Nevertheless, they are under obligation to follow a code of
ethics that prohibits the use of abusive or discriminatory material on race, age,
gender, physical ability or marital status.

Style and Language of News Presentation across Media Format

The media convergence has dramatically changed the way people consumed their
daily news and information. The usual morning and evening reading and watching
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habit of newspapers or television and radio broadcasts has been outdated. Together
with the change of media habit is the change in ways news and information
presented. How?
According to Kavanagh, et al. (2019) the RAND Corporation report in 2018, Truth
Decay cited four trends in emerging news presentation in Digital Age. These are
increasing disagreement about objective facts, data, and analysis; a blurring of the
line between fact and opinion; an increasing relative volume of opinion over fact; and
declining trust in government, media, and other institutions that used to be sources
of factual information.
Furthermore, team of researchers studied change in News Presentation Print
Journalism, Broadcast Journalism, Pre-Cable Journalism, and Online Journalism

Styles of News Presentation

Types of
Media Era of Journalism
Post 2000
Pre-2000 Post 2000
Language use are more heavily More storytelling;
event and context based, More Emotion laden;
reference to time, official titles, Emphasized interactions;
Print and positions and institutions; Personal perspective
descriptive, elaborative
Journalism language
Print
Online journalism tended to be
Journalism
more conversational; with more
emphasis on interpersonal
interactions and personal
perspectives and opinions;

Appeals are less narrative and

more argumentative with an eye
toward persuading readers

News stories use precise and More subjective; unplanned

Broadcast concrete language; turned to speech, expression of opinions,
Journalism public sources of authority interviews, and arguments.
Cabled programs dominated;
more subjective, abstract,
directive, and argumentative
language; content based more on
expression of opinion;
Source: RAND (2019) News in a Digital Age: Comparing the Presentation of News Information
over Time and Across Media Platforms.

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 What’s More

Activity One. Filipino Media Personality

Look at the pictures of some Filipino media personalities below. Indicate the type of
media they represent. Write all the three types of media if you think they represent
all. Write your answers on another piece of paper.

Maria Ressa Pia Wurtzbach Maine Mendoza Bobby Nalzaro

Korina Sanchez Mike Enriquez Kris Aquino Vice Ganda

Awesome! Certainly, you have identified that some personalities can be found
in three types of media. How is it possible? This is because of media convergence.

These personalities have become “influencers” that we read, see, hear online
and offline. They are not only media content consumers, they are also media content
producers.

Let us try to examine some of the impacts they have made in our society. In
the next activity, find out what does each media personality have contributed in the
lives of the Filipinos.

Activity Two. Hear What They Say!

Below are the media personalities who are actively involved during the
ABSCBN Franchise Renewal Hearing. Recall their involvement, then answer the
questions that follow. Write your answers in another piece of paper.

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 Karen Davila Angel Locsin Coco Martin

Guide Questions:

1. What have these media personalities have in common?

2. How did they react during the ABS-CBN franchise renewal hearing?
3. Do their reactions change the way the issue is presented? In what way?
4. What responsibility/ies do these media personalities show to their viewers and
followers?

Very Good! You have explained well your viewpoints. These media
personalities are also called content producers who are able to show viewers that
they are media (print, broadcast, or new media) by sharing reliable sometimes
embarrassing experiences and bias opinions. Let’s continue with the next activity.

Activity Three. What Can You Say?

Read the situation carefully and comply the task. Place the information you
have gathered from different types of media on the table and decide if it is accurate
or not. After doing it, answer the analytical questions below in your own words by
giving a minimum of 3 sentences.

Situation:
You are living in a small sitio comprise of 5 families. One day, you have heard
that one of the family has a member who is sick with a flu-like symptom is
using “Tu-ob” or Steam Inhalation as a therapy for COVID-19.

Task:
Search any articles about the effectivity of “Tu-ob” or steam inhalation to cure
COVID-19 disease in any media. Distinguish the news report style.

Types of Information about “Tu-ob” or Steam Your Observation on

Media Inhalation News Report Style

Print Media

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 Broadcast
Media

New Media

Analytical Questions:

1. How does each types of media report or talk about about “Tub-ob” or steam
inhalation?
2. Do you see any differences and similarities on the way information are
presented?
3. What could be the reason for such differences and similarities? Explain your
answer.
We should take note that some media may sensationalize the news. Another,
as new media delivers news faster than other type of media, oftentimes accuracy is
reduced. As a result, it is common to read and hear fake news due to these practices.

What I Have Learned?

Do not forget that…

◼ There are three types of media namely print, broadcast and new media.
◼ Media convergence occur because of technological advances like the
internet.
◼ Nowadays, media personalities are found in three mediums because of
media convergence.
◼ These media personalities also called media content producers may
influence our perception of issues
◼ Different media may have some levels of inaccuracies, sensationalism and
poor coverage.

What I Can Do

Interested in a Design Media?

Recall what you have learned in this module. Make a drawing or sketch on how
technologies have led to the convergence of traditional and new media. Refer to the
rubrics below for your guidance. Use short size bond paper.

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 Criteria 15 13 11 9

The use of The use of The use of The use of

graphic arts to graphic arts to graphic arts to graphic arts to
Appropriateness present the present the present the present the
message is message is message is message is
suitable and on satisfactorily acceptable poorly executed.
purpose. suitable. suitable.

Originality The use of The use of The use of There is no hint

sketch/drawing sketch/drawing sketch/drawing of originality in
is new and is new but with is not very new. the submitted
novel. little creativity. sketch/drawing.

Meaningfulness The student The student The student The student

was able to was able to was able to was not able to
create a create a create a create a
cohesive and cohesive but cohesive cohesive or
comprehensive not sketch, with not meaningful
sketch, with comprehensive so much sketch.

supporting sketch, with supporting

details to its supporting details to its
meaning. details to its meaning.
meaning.

Completeness The project was The project as The project was The project was
submitted with submitted but submitted but submitted
all the had a few seems to be largely
components lacking slightly unfinished.
satisfied. components. uncompleted.

References:
Kavanagh, Jennifer, et al. (2019). Facts Versus Opinions: How the Style and
Language of News Presentation Is Changing in the Digital Age, Santa Monica, Calif.:
RAND
Corporation, RB-10059-RC, 2019. As of September 22, 2020:
https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB10059.html.

Wilson, Carolyn; et al. (2011). Media and Information Literacy: Curriculum for
Teachers. UNESCO Press ISBN 978-92-3-104198-3 (EN); 978-959-18-07; 978-
95918-0787-8 (ES)

(n.d.). "Media - Types of Media, Print, Broadcast, Outdoor, Internet ...." 23 Oct. 2017,
https://bbamantra.com/media-types-characteristics/. Accessed 23 Jul. 2020.
(2017, October 23). Media - Types of Media, Print, Broadcast, Outdoor, Internet ....
Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https://bbamantra.com/media-types-characteristics/

(n.d.). Types of Communication Medium - Communication Toolbox. Retrieved July

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23, 2020, from
http://www.communicationtoolbox.com/types_of_communication_medium.html

(n.d.). The Media: Types of Media | SparkNotes. Retrieved July 23, 2020, from
https://www.sparknotes.com/us-government-and-
politics/americangovernment/the-media/section1/

(2019, September 27). 5 Types of Media. Media is the biggest source nowadays ....
Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https://medium.com/@andrewmarkgibs/5-types-
ofmedia-dbb40c02f5ec

(2016, February 15). What Is New Media? | Southeastern University Online.

Retrieved July 24, 2020, from https://online.seu.edu/articles/what-is-new-media/

(2020, February 24). What is New Media? | SNHU. Retrieved July 24, 2020, from
https://www.snhu.edu/about-us/newsroom/2020/02/what-is-new-media

(n.d.). Media convergence | Britannica. Retrieved July 24, 2020, from

https://www.britannica.com/topic/media-convergence

(n.d.). Current Problems in the Media - The Daily Source. Retrieved July 24, 2020,
from https://www.dailysource.org/about/problems

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