4it!t!.

1ga4;
fceJill ;-!-Jl3 u+illl €.iS-rJl iL++Jl
Y. Y \ / I - \ qA &h

or-r. lt rlJl
g.rt&;F-,I-l
r/(11^)d.r
(d$te+s:l)

hi,.b,ill LJLi^ O*Fi - .rj$;'r+ cJi-'J 4Jt+jiill or.lrill

PHYSICAL TESTS OF PORTLAND

CEMENT- DETERMINATION OF
STRENGTH

A
c .0. s. 0.c
IRAQ

ICS: 9l:100:30
 >.> -, 1 ,*-
"- I
1l
J 7" '7 -1 :)
1 a x ,a

;l
.J -l 3"
1 'l^ n n \' J. (,
1l
-f ;9' ;"1 1., J' J' t a1
4
1 .td.t.l ,. ,] 'l \
3a
r-l

-?{
-'2
.1 'r
.n-
11 1,J
{
4
1: ztr.l
i (-)
i 3,
i 1

n
i
i
1
\
I x
: f'
:

i
:

aJ
t. t'\ / \ - \ tA

i-ri.ll

rlrcl 4-k-" poi s.j ,jr!r ,.+ u+;;ijJJ lit-dl 4!dl i'PJill 6J"L!|J ""+i3! +;S;Jl -'rtell -l
iJS.!" rtl+lll ..u rJJSij a,ntlf qrilf Ol.;lll Dii LJ a;rr'i;i-Yl a,lrll3
4$lJ,'ll i'''*"t:tll c''Li--1-i*11
.TCG/201 8 a;rilt ;$!t "l+J:
.iA,r

:Jli\l aj:lll tJ+ 1.'' tJJtlt l:a rl:cl p'r

.)--.-ill4t-,Sll o+-,Hf +.l.:l (l .j..J) 4iL:i'r'o3 '''i '\\
.JJ'i-!)-:' :3;3 Uf-. os a;'+:11 4+Pl ,/: L-lliJt tl+3 - sX;;1 '''t' \ a'if.ril'ill
c+,lUi
. \ tA d$ll ,+.i.Lu-5)l LJli''-'o''i dis-c dL\hll lra d.ri'
q'Y
:-'
. i-i;r= 11,-..r3-.1jJ iill o]A '-!'s'9 1 11 ' ai'" illJl lrA :cl ;l t3+-
 -nfA t6rlT'
r-: ..6- 15rri?
ftus?o 5f'
i:rf ) ffhc.4 tno fq-1 Hn "t.r 11y<eo 5l.{- rfnr f'ffl? -nr"} t6So
ln" l< ",6 cr" rsef tl".91f? '
r-, y.rc (=r) rrh,r ctf ftF f tf, rce ,I *11 i fq? 4 ttflr-
trH'iq
'r
(. \)tlpF (v)r*rn"s( r - r )'
r-tr i rrr-,rp i"rtrJ +f 'eo "''5p ti'fr- 'r<'F 5'1 P 1ys'
rf -t' rf.=:rP "y1
-,o1c. rl-1F n'.11 11c-o q.f ttrs 1fi r-f nF -tr-y l(tr'nT n'-"m 6.i:nr
qf
1-1 r<.e.i{^ t1"rt tf:IT tfSIS6 d
r-q f t- i".='' +\f r-o "ri-i ci'5p 1"'5c1J
-t",lstJ cf
"r-r.5 (rxa rrr
6,*cr cd . i ) '
i'f rrP nrt r6rr1a rra- .(rq.-.' qsf' dr f rr'':rP lf ftf lr-'cP fl
c{'.l f1"S rrt vlqC ryfq qf= tf
lm-6 ai'"'r,p (1" 7,,..r':.,) 1.1ri o'. rf"'f i151J
rK* 1=.cto "f tff
J-l ?..-r {o tpfrrr 4 x=t "ra 5=rri f -f " tl= try.It 4 1ps:
:1.-.{, t" rt{r-q1
r t&r.(.t.l" fq'l.: t=-r'' "ct'ci (,3 x . 3x .1i) J
r- r ",st' nr"I t6r-'. -qa rIT'Sfr 1-fcn
.r - +r rr{.g!

r-v rpfr-rt16rrfri"tf,rarr1 961 1fl, L I L00Z'

r-,r ft-y1 rfr1.r tn'rg lffii. l6rcfcn 00St lt<' I I 8l0Z'
r -r rr-'it lt*ffy qirft lf.Eii'. 002, I 166I
'

l-o *61o"* tg'trY lFrl'1 [5g.i'' 16)rcn.,.? '5"' Z\Ell Z00z'

r-t ".1---J rrxl rprnnff cd I0l I/ 1002'
r-l t'r-'t [*..Ta ll\.fll} Ilrlfi"r) cd 999 I 0661 '
r-r fr-9 trs-r rrfn nfi. rd o t Eg tr<f" (t) I o00z'
r-r rl'fr-I rr.r..r rltcmt csJ 96l lfl. ( t) I stoz'
i- 15r,e-pc ftf.ft€

qp-r^1r- f tr\*f- r1"f# q..5 '

e?o rt-16,r,11 fT dtr\ rtr lt'rT trKv1 tft'.s f.. ql IFIrP rf :t tftZ rsrJ
tff tmp fffi' rirz.tn ql tFfP 16€+fo 616-1 lP.{^srff ri'J 1''551J -'c11"''
r
r..r<1J eso rf{.y} Egrp "cf 5lcrv q,=?c 'Tlr? tnF-'1T 11"T: 'i "''ap19v rgf 4 "'n'gt
rm'fl q- 1O: ,a"ro ttrtrcs f lrtt-'l1 lln'-1 lrclgt'd o ) lrn- 1r"T' trc'xs-i
(
ryf qr lFffll{f tt'=tg'if nr'r [(F11 rnfat5mo gc"u1p"-"5'dq'
\- llt'qP

lpsccn ffffhrt ftlF ic.n(Ir - 5#iQ 6cr1 t(l?Tl{

vl t - t / t t'i
 I

-+rn 06U
-tr g] 1pr".g (J)
'*5p=r"
tenf
<.rp cd \ - .1=f tf,:ic ficf

c*t 1-.:"rn OZU ttrtec:f rnr"( i-r)'

j-*a*,6=.. *,ou'*t trrl.t1 ficr ( i - r ) ri5c?'n'o qn'? t[*'f vn f 'qrP
.-,-,
t a \ t.rrsO
:r.l rf <'rrrC
rr\.. t

ifr*r' #C r115r1r-
t'C i&-.r. rd-y rfr- f r5rsrp yrn fd t&cts lr tPTf 11 lr\.-\c

r-*1 tncg rf-rq

*.h tp-cl-"'', f rfr.'lP # r=rft' vco lncg '
f r.<.,qr. arl i- I.<'.-IC lr't? rtr6 d E=r-t trt'fclr r\ tf rrr'tc'rtrn "d t'c ff
J
ff e1.1.: rffP n*tt ,1-r*, ,O* r1g=+J r15-1e =r"n1 ' ft f *'' fff-ff 16S
r=rq
.,T tf(l.l lr i-"nc q t t&=rnf qEtcr *1r9 qo lT'rlr.
lr5ra f rg=r ' "sr ryr qi"]r tr'q trm? tc ltrlfnr'- "r Trr r-r1':. ' t
-'.

I'r ,s--rrrl..- rrr?a f r.('rsrn ('d r) rf ('y' o) -ha rg.f rr€ r-lD
lF.1all'41'?

rg.-t r;"1r-CI dSr rt*t '

rfl rnn tf kt '-it "\'' pr1', tF trg tJ q''T t''\if'} tr't* "'t'
(' r'+
'*-.'t ^1"o
- "<e.ct d1r1 1p*tr.rr rrf"I, rffiJ
r151a r16ff? IP""FT"! rs -=q'<
"'1qr'
rrfrrt rr.'..'.y r{* rf{.r !r tFfrt rD+rs ly-re F.T tffrc- /-g ct=g f lf.;EP 5f' lc'
(1*ri) qg=.1,, r: r1=re =f lllcP f rflJ:rP --1qcr llEP ' t'l rf cra lF t'g
. r--p er1 1gsr1c9 rrff..f ,g*1 f*r' f rf-'ca5r' cc+rz {lcg lP1' f lrn'r
,(r..T.,:1r "l lT-F risrQ qc+v dlCs tn' (' I + t ) m '
- 5re =1r1rr f tPro ttp'so lrF? Ifrl4 rcg
lJ.=fo 1g*s1 T'1t=t lr{nr"-
cc+vdlcg (. 6-cfilrq
1 + r)"m
4 'l Z '
[.tr.f,)
.rs"n < q1 rft'.r lr trft* rs-r: q"ace l-5 tl-fin et:P lflr- "qtrft 1*r'rtc s
- rfn cc+r =r,ce ip'='.r t11i rq'r c] lrnqr (' r + r)"m rcf+ r*nt r\*P "f 'o Z

I - 16rf,16 f1tr iff: tp,"*rrt

v! \ - \ / \ i'I
t. t'\ / \ - \ 1A
.t)ill \-\-1
.r' \ CJ ds'i d e.adl .t);]t ;jsu
: qrrYl
LiJlJ 4l cff3^Xl dls':llJ Jil o rrllF 4j'*" i'' el6 iYy tx 5;^''
u ott.:r - i
.=.i ol5;J," rr
161L !'5,., ;s+ i-l'ue :3;*-e \ 61 clSiJl
i,t] '', gS* '-s f.f..:' 'Si :">-.:, JU) i JLi'i 4iJ+" ]ar;
i&-,fr ix 6 !+il! '''Jirrj i.6:., a!J; ;Sa t- ':= J): a-*-'ll ir'.l!lL etell 3t'ii-')) ''':irr3
. ol-c all3

dsi ,./ C..r. tx crErrillr o"uJl ..r+ir^ill \t<'L e1!

i' u el& iY-f .x lli 4{; - '+
aL-r.;* kJc J":,,* r:tc 2a cLcall -l qs- d,n a*5-6 iS o+,l-r$-r
IAJJ" JF JJs ' \ dJ
qjs.il-';'fr' e"C';Jf 9;1 4r.,..rll JJS)J i*"Sl'i' .-r'rlirL tlll-l:ll cl.1$ ' eUd el>-
i'411 J# ; n+'ill t)a i r+ . 4+J4 l'fflrii*"I p+-l a'9"- 4+eJYlJ u;|il
cr L;dl ,tollJ
o, L!-!1 + O-1S gJl *Jll J) -(\
r r) llFill J+i;J i'-L:- 6:-ir-l\ C-r cjSl
"-O1'

: tu,", .ri :,' r,"s-r u,* * S;l:ji'iri f,tfl

-Dsll ,.4J d,L":- - \ pt cJ_rr+
-
\ .... JJ
4+l 1++JSll 4.\ rsJ +rsl LJIJJJT
I

o o1lt. ,,;i:'r acf

11Y
l. + \\o \ . * \Ao LlLc 4-o J."

ffi Y

l--
I \
i

I
I Yt1
:

I
I \+l
I

I
L.

J.r.e eLeJ -1
i4r -\
(l).Jl)JU+!F evy'a'\:- \ ittJs,,

t
K"-Se1l'
-K=n - fia h,po 1ft2 tfr.r :1t p1"F 1y'."s rr'rr tfrc, it', l6,*1f lPrP Tt-t

'
lKf=-r l5-tlfu m.11t-
-1c9'ltry fii,"rr-' F-'1t tttf,t.-1r tr:ra=t 1i.aF. t'l f='? TtI eF* 4 C'r rt'rr- q"
{TIrt? ttsTl} f rf. (l-r-;) ' :rq rsq'ic rf.rn' rff'.r- lf=l{ K*i--iP r'-rrJ
tPryl y'l
il i"s'rC tdtr s rr1c9 1i 51.1r; "C rmrn': lt'-cg f l-A-r-l' r#C y-tt llErl- =*r-
c- 5rO gf,n tfT*o f* sP ir'- (tt' (8$'{ lE-" 5-l ''-+.r
rf ( 1 - o ) '

1Ft=16 sf* lln Jluim n" (r") J'

qy'nrr
=-- 6(ic rmrr f lrJ.\.(i
tf ( i - I ) Efl rq rrf ir'.-'t [rr"- rrf nnr- rrf=.v

i- 6(r<' trnr,? q6 i-fr" rrt' ttr ( r - ? ) f="5P ir-'' ctf f r"' J'
rrf(r",+\")'J'
It'{ ( '3 + r") -r'
rtt'P('L\+\)'J'
l(rry lf-tT1 rlg-Ttet-r sP {* 4 "at-. tEI'-.,rst&f
:
l-
,*=.., "r r+,-; nep t6:{t, lt"rrldt 4 tgf,rn tm55l
tTI€ lmr., lP-'t ltrxflr' l(ry :

rfrc tr {o {) r{to l[-ql[- ,=Kl.r "?re [".+rP T1 ttFri rF'l? l[5€ i trnrnT

e,-13.rq il ll'jly 4 rC*""| (fr*t) "f 5ro lf'rn '

Nt
-t(=ft - nt' 10 5{f 11g6^rf'' r=tC tf-o trw 4 $f' "-'r#0 "gril l-rc :lct
ry;f)

r1i\-a.t l5-Ift 15"-- sc? t&vt.rtCt,? tl'f,ft'

tigi? 5"1 5[e *.fp 96m 5\q-'ffi r'Frg =i' ,rr-rr r5re c\o ll91{9 i't1 fffil
lE\"tS
hq-\ tf',qo r"i 115:r'9 r-igl 1g.:.€ Tcc=I tE- Kt"'"i \st' !r tf""r-- lPlsi'!Tr'
rft 1{t' ll$F ryt iSrJ i
**, * f19c,Cq f1"-r15i !f tt='i. tfv. c "(1 ,=<ech 1ti*terr 6^i!f,o rr'r 6-i{-cq 5P 6Fr
- .tJ fst-. lp.lJ.- *fq1 5"'J 1*5112 tfqlc' t1-€'Y
(AH) '
1q!ft - rrara 1? 5c? ff* t&cP F-a -'nc9 si{C or (' ' l) i''-h{] qi5ra fi-'r(cg
. . i q" rftf "fir 5i5{r g:'-6c9'
i#o * selco (. i) "J t't '
6-l.*.? trxce lrfr f=t 5P i- ctl6 "f rr:rn
'n"i. 1f.=.t( .; J r ,tt)tTcfh't\ "Jt1 "f?'tf,r5Pcd
"".-r1
I'dllnl'-"Q
- r5ee tm1,-',4 F(? {c-, l!I'1 ..t' 1? fr\ I a'nri "{^t''t 6.1 cD rl=r 5nc
3-i-t tdlFl
vb i - \ / \ I'l
 r51-,.d r -nr.fS$
r - yC tr=10 rf"{t J ,prn 1gr.--r.A'

tt- l

.]+l I

.17 I
r-
I

.l\T \

J 1fap < yft rfft rlir lLsT--'

'
r",*I<^3 F^.i? -*5, it'2 lfr=i f 551l ed
rt'C fi+rct; tFlctiy nrt tryf,r", iY'"'{'l-7''1 1g'=€ ffl rp.rr' il frc ncrs'o
,-. rf.Tr 3f rncl- FC .r:rC ftf +rc1? 1p"? lFrrlQ lf'l:I1 f.nf-
qo r J
'* i'-5t'J pi -,..f '.
nl rfr.:rf- ..l=5iJ rl'o <1r1Q ovrciv i'rf-\ 'r J - 'I J
""rp
vb \ - \ / \ r't
 f'1l ad I - flcg.1.i yef=t r-*{g *ry

c - 1cg2 1p-i

t--. 'TCg "'"lTi.'v

a;.J
il
_lt*_
, ,r,

r-- qCft ?.Eif 9 t- n'rtYrg

V.l+o \ t*
Yl

(c To) l
i
I
(cTo)

t0
=
E.O

=7a *70

l&rr\c rllvlr.{lF

vr \ - \ / \ t't
rFtf rrgt*s rf'rrf n=#P n" r?t xm =rP 9"1"l{ r.t,drf
'

6-.e-'' TIYI CEFs'P "f lftt Hl fl*:

'...rt, nrF Ro tf.qi*: tfafrt rct"At --1tr Eii? 'r.*--t EIdg ltr\C f
,1a-,4 r-e1r- snoe .fp nt ri t(eftCtr- tg.=ta- A ry. rf-o
--D 1rp12 5...:i,o 11".rr m11r. t'? nor.e gyJt rt'*rrt iyT\ Fet'1.:5t1n *.P ll-17
rqa iF+ia i-f f 5ry:rr* "si. ylfr stf (. . r) i 6-=+"'t =e1f o1"J.,r1qc
tm.- iffrlt tfl r",' lf see "rf rt'cY lf'ft mf- fl |xf tf''J nfs
'

1KiC2 r r.fc., qsr ,-da qrCiF llrn ' rf6-c lFta -'K-1--. r==.y".n"-y f"'q qi'f 6o,

a-eo "r.,1 ti-qr',, f tpFre i=ir- fe rr* rr:rf rran ('*i'trr) lrnF f rrm irlo
td,"s.(qr.1+^tr!]t
rt=g f lglrl ' (s-e lplf rr*n r# 6^=i1q f'..Io 3i( . L r'a+ qFiT Frce tfr tft=ts
Sta t[*,] rf t*5t <p Sf.ff 5c*. o r
flT f,l-T "*f (tr"r']) r"rc'p t'55t1 'rc1Cv1 c6-C3
f1*ff rf. rP (o r + l'.) -J ' 5fe ff".m tffi? 11-=\'t
*--1 ..rr7 ;"i--' 1fP q5P "f f\
9i5cf Flqcr ri6'? =tfcq ".a5rr n- t=fto 591r
<* fft H? e- 4 cl1l llg'a lJ.11{'t
J i-1J tman tn{ ' rrt rf='t 4 fni 'r'" ,(trf' lqcEv { " 7 ffi"o
^r'.) c'p 1O
",,s rtg'f
fi rprog 6t'5,r =t r-'r rt'x ri-i 6 nrdr rrr 4 irs2 (o I +
igl, liTf5.r i=crc \ .'. "J-, '
.-i rffq- e1g1<f "f tt'6l tfTp t1r:i K5p -'r6c5v cC . .o --dm df' fi?'Kcg 6-5{.?
ltr,F!'t p.tr lpr.\g 5r '-rP 15n-Y i)'
( '

,<," -qr rff1 ff.y lr t-1,rrrt "="'i? "f lf t6,ft

t'fi'qJ lF fr ctr.$ira lKal-
're
firctfl n f inn !i !=f= ctXt (o r'I + o r" ) I
'

l.c (,rr- rr)J*'..i'f ",gr-11ffiH1f 16-.cf llqr ( r - r ) 't'4 tsttsn

r5rQ 16cc2 lf f"T --'.f n IPI=\e hslv-l:dTB c'-ri^*'Q 1f-'' i*t'fP X'o 15r-<6
jo ,"* rrryt ns'rr i ,&s.2 rtgt- tmc2 tlF"t rr"'iro 11g'? (rnTl) (' 1 +o" )l
*"1Tr r_"-:. T=n? tElF r][vr.q\g '

6-fe .^a-i lritn !-'fi ' cil i"rrlJ

t'l 1qc tprt: ""trFv lr lf 4 !r1c fl?rg llojll'--
t&.-t4d-rrr-f, lt'4 "l' i
(tnclo)
rff.c- f tfn=f F5t? tf* rffi prrrs tm sr.-l KHc '"+o 1i "e tffti
eqr d
fn rr= 1p1x{p r.,rft tr-if' tm'n r15i<f c'r^ci f :n rrt'? (r6-frc )
:=.r --!r- *a='.? llfn *-fn'
..v J "rsC tpg rg ' --rn 1f='e rmfl [*F : q- {r- lcC si c+'P '"'mic Frv
"Q
.5fa tf\f 4 "rs<'g".'rfff rf*SP ry1y it'-'16, tfg'! rt"lt c'l3iil =rti'? "i c-11 5-c
.n€ +tC rff rrr"rt f rsf'cd ? lPHIrr l&* :

]-i-; .+tc tf-o

vl t - t / t t'r
 T5:p .d , - +hC r'?n r".{-(*5)

I - f "i !.\.r II<rf ?

- =l=.c

i - rcc-'(tf') r- qt (t'".)

JtrI*

!
I

I l
il I_- I
I

l*

vr \ - \ / I r'r
-r! f ) rnst li(-f -t.i f -ser 155e2 6-FP xlrr lTid IIFT P '
rtr:ff y=r. tr=.. tr".{-ci' fi"tst rCict f im rr "=..'TY tE t YKP "f lf+? rf?
fi€ tf=.c rr"..i (rflp) 6"9n "i ,g=ec tPf,., fi15--Y
rlsto tE=''P if1 i-" *-sY

nSnr tp=-o qlTri r-Ty ri-+f rr# r-r f.tcs rf-'C

'

cfrc
itF l"s1r eff tr.tt rrx€ "r'mm rF-T 1r f ttttf: f =ru rr"{ tf*5
5{C rrryt {rcs r".it r^i {r,g Fa =f rr'.*P f rr\f i-\' ifr' srr rr^*
6 to5f
t=!io

('
i:rm trri 1i.'r'tr 1g"'isJ sr fl rr'.t (i - ,t ) rrqs -<'P Cncs tF"f "*'t" ' 31+ ' 'r )
t'l ry1 "-<e. _ttr"t ltr)i=. 1.,tT lt--r *'I'11*ry qr<vo .rcr'p +t'/.4 l;s-P lf-'.{l f r,\t-f
?-I-lny.v s=-o nt"t ttr r','11'

rsp rd o - ffr tE=-'P E-ffi nra t6r=to

'rrcirs *:1. tnF

i A]+a I
i i
I

-, I

f*"i tfc, *.'# ff:'n "f 44 il? i='lr li iflll '

fi.*p rmfr- lpfrJ i+*relq-
r.".6cF.? q- ir:" t1'{t r:. tlE<v{a f&'ftfff ti"'ftft lF f nf,
ttsrO i.=cn 1pn"r'fl
t'e rr.t'ic'., [IK* tfl"t tn'e i!'itc t&*t'tna ln<* drCt qo tnrtJ r.f i'r rynt
r# o'
r6..^5rrirf r5ec1,reSC4 qo r[-.rnr.ff o]
Jf, .o JrFstl lF-f{ayl *f f rsc
lf.. .p"1 (,.r + o'.) J ri*t'rif nf.t fir=-p *-rn rpXr ,eda\ f rfrriln J
6r.1o rt'O *? i""1frn Q "frdC
t? lF &l llc- m' (' r + o" )
r{n tny* n' 6
1c19

l:-i.n tF! lf,ns "f lgri 1p"s'J h..rP tslto .f (.. + r) ff / ert'
.
fl
t'C ryt rp..-o nc.g "i- r"'TT llp rnt' \ st' ff hul + \ Z 4 rr-f 11-'-ip lcrt
r.-o .-f= t&r*ryrf q. trnftftflf 1p\f lgr1tlr t(ft:
&f r.im "9f"t t&sl, 1*'stJ [y (ryv) t' T]e"1 r6iTt', 'r i"s.tJ +tf "r"'- llt
i=+; er.+1 lnq.- tf.trr tf i=\ct.r -.rcg'
prf qt 1fr4 F1m "n "Y tKtr*1a if , fiJ St' fff,rf 1-r-=t1J r'1'o 1:cs1 n"A
"r
; -f -o {C s<en w16^v1 16rs-1c

vut-t/tr'r
"C tfrrp lC rf,. rft't A. irrl tf rz-{ tfi.,rrslfl -'c yf rfql'
ItF, rF'rF T".-f lnf ' rrH 5-6n"rqJ
# fO/F rt"* rtfri fi-c+F q.T t(r.'-i ry=.,F rttc) lfr, 1gf
\.
f'tl'st?-\-1,
c# F+i6-r <-it lf5lt i lP$r'e
*,-\ f tprta "l f:f rf*-.1 r5l ho !11r flr.J !*fo tf"-.s'
' fFsrf lgc<. lgcri =r rfr1 .-5o t*, ie irA'l6fl2
I?rT <-5I1? .=.a tff,=v Hrl
*:r rf=a €fc "f v.t"r=ro "'"5i1 ,,.r, d rf.fnl ?dcr'\ foft i=ilr
i''<"'{-"{-1
"t tfr*
rza {e fi wc"'ai(\r rr5r?
fi.t1 6-ffi(1 rnt) rf,rrn rff "f rnt2 rft'n my.? =KP
if ..ae, lKlu-11T I".,.1 lp{-t ' d i"srJ f2 TIt i nst tPf,=t ri'f lc n-' rnr) rrrP
sr ffi i-r=,, ".* l-rf.d f r:n cd 1 rr'J f,-''o, iie fP lntt f$ll] =f lnvJ
?-r-a, r*rrf rsryrr nr"t t6trry
rff.n (flp), q1p;-"t t"s'rJ ilF -=f. $< z"cch'
"51ro
.tr ,r+,7 (".rcn) c(*ni) c(ncn) rr- srf ll.Fo tr5icn clg t:ct'] lpicc
I< 1.=.x rtf) !*r, 1g:f t ,p=-cr r65"'5-J rf nf a q'-i=(" qf
rfdJ
risc *-=# r-.i ti$ir rffti tnnl U-+f tf'.1,. :,.r lf.K"'' i rft nf''- rfl ,tr-'
fr. rnyJ -t.rg g.q. "-r'fr qg;+fl tsfr lcts (qg) f-{ rf.rrJ
'

drf r lf s"a r&f rnf '

n"-,
-f 1e fic ny.t t1g=-rr igf tr tt' 4'c(c'rri:f crt 1n 5r? 1sr r"a.rrt l&-'-'(^
v{.<? n'-sio Tl IIs (;-r-'r) '
qqc tr",o tr:<ti tsr "f ' r i I err i'=-rl - 11- 5s"l
"5fr
,n rp-*J ri{-q qf,rsr iUa.A e -1yt rp-o 1r a'5r fife lfr-c 15r6-i' -"qre 'ff
r(nff q- rstnf "Trffl? *rr- 6(to f ("" ) "J 3? hq-h
'

$q r--p &.tr 4 (, r) J'a1.rv g"gflr tr:ra -r6ft2 rfx tnrt =tt f;7 1nc=a?
1C frc rfrt-a
a'+-r=p irrqry "f f+'fifr- lr-s-f 1' tfni lPTp -Kt: Klf "e ' 'l
ir**",- ( r.'.)".lrsrorc-ytr+td1( r -o ) tf "c(S$r-rn"f (9N)'-f
. rt-.s ( r - I ) !6r
lF'+ rrxm rsf i
=--c (.1 +i..),.4 6(i<- nr- rr.'-t'Ft.f e
.f . . r" qrsrt' r.W *Ir qo tf-1ct'r a (' r) edz-\4 (' I + r" ) J ct'f--l
ffe ny.? rf<-o d^nr 11 .-."f { f.ft rf'.yf 1t rd,ti rfgr -: Ktf -KcEr

irqt rt' 1n, -g' t5.,F" rrr-+n nr: lFfn rlif ) rrf n.r.!'
rr-f
trt'nr) rrfnnrytisq6q a 1J'oto rrfn< rt'xnxl o'lt? irrt''
*f ,*'* io.to nt2 rrfn P 'n", 1En isrri ,-rc 1p'cci IPlt'' -'6o 1s''ai
ur" #. '
vr \ - I / \ i'i
 );
,- -1 a ->->vJOr
1"\1i 1i :l{ 3
o)-

lll _{ [ t'i
r'l a:'
:J
"1
.j q.i+6
1s s,y
r
I

l I

5 t(! i!'x
s3
q3 !,q q 3''+
1

oi \r1 5
,r t; l1J il
s'.+
31.
,Y t:
9'
,
-=vJ..1 .r 1(i;
i ,€ji
]1 ltr :r_
-.^ :4
a, 4.

-f -a 1" i+
I
n:U
$
,1,i:1
:?.)
[,) l iit .a
d+
;$

? t+
a5' 3:1
5{ 3 \--
l:
-!,
':1. .i' J.
1 13
J,V ,J 3 ,!r'-
J
"^ d-r 5
I
4
! 1
,^,
a='t
)s
\.4^r
-e.

5,u

TI
I I
\ )

r-1
I
r.l l / .\ - l lA
d+/l &-Jt r-t-o
'/. \x gciri l(r\"'\l .ej"" c)!Yj ;;':L'* cr[s J'0-6! !fAl:-' '*-+ &J ]
ejy crF-r
lJ +i1ili-\s++Jl o"UJl
. f p-r rJ3:'' d e--r

!F'+ll aU* *j"*-'' I e*ti.Jl 6Jr - r p; rJ-r+

/. dtr-iJl ,r,lo diij.lJ 4*.,Jr"l! i-:ill r-r"UL

j,- \
o+v
oaYY
o a1V o

1 + 11

,r-!ilt cEN r-!"; r-t -o

=Jij^ll
dlJsjrr::1 g.Jl (\-l-o) $"Jl ,js ab\dl s++Jl u*ull e-ry,=#!ill CEN &l er'u+
!xe*tajJi Jt 4lJill 4iJ.c. _*Li.t(rfto)soqlsll 4jlsdiiYd^il u ':'rlioerJril
. a+r / e" .,o g. clii ,JqJi ,JS d):' JlJl &JIl

$c , :tiir\l ,+ &-,ll 04 t.riir.. e .J."X A.ljSI! gl 'ii< r:sJlj 7. ' ,,\ ,j".Fi a+Jt-'ll !r -i5'o JA -
., :;. Jl €jJ,^i!:.l]sIJ 4+.9r.o "i( a;e ;5;i i.llSll dJJ+ Ji=l d" (\ \ ' - \'o);-)l;r'4+-)r
1i

J. :Still 4SfS Jri ,:lJ!:.ll o.u ..,rF eJl c)S dlYl .,le ;r'lJ
6J' e Uo)l eLii c'''L"!ill o:a .9;'1i -
rri\l
og g*,3Jt d,$l
,J,--s *t' irQ ylsill hA ,si.lj,r,+!l &-lI '"+g s--!ilt &it ;i

LsiJt ;rUl -.!3r ) Oi *l'e'(o + \ro.) *1" t'-rLi cr$i d eSll &-Jl :-.rl
rri\l .,.i ::Jl o;gpJl dr,li^ll ej-i 9+5 6 .sJ* J.,.U+J Lii'Jl 'J!a" euJ *! .r!S)[
.1r_r_o;.,rc-Ft

aJ-J-
. all -1.,)..J.F !Jt-,J! t-r,-r3 ajj$j o;;,- e-t i"U+.r'*!ill CEN &;.lj-: -

,',1 ..,,\l k+ Li-: Jl iJlJl c]i) L;-f,1 ''1#l Jl a.-'! dJ qg':ll ':iJl .;"3
.rs3 (JS.". d.',!J
a-ol-J Ll-! ;eJ^" o:t-li ,.'s sl-'+Jl 'ti-rA
+*! ;il driJl C. &UinY 6rL rJ,. a-.r^-." J)n)l
.pi Ji ajSL" ell.J a'rr"'r, elJl+i" L!-sill elror OA ' i.'o'dl3 e
rl-iil iii JJ+ a'ol- \.i .Jt'
diJl eil-j i:J4j r iii .::.!- .rBr ( I Yor ) C: cs,+!t .ert'l;i-)l .JJ:X E-t tr-Fi &L.r
. ,,,.-i! 4ilE e il; rii .JS ( A - t ) gf_r _rl

Plll \'-o
grJA)l dro-..-i!,,'J.ill e\-,.1 rrr',i aS+j.,ii.lll ,J-'ileluJ.lYl t3jr^r1 Jiill olJl ,^'-r"'"r
. ouJuYl Zs* s\ ''}.Lll ,lll ar-t 'l 3l;rJl ilL,.-/:

\\
 Jl

ll*j. n" "=rT ti-s]F s- rTt 11i-1 r1p',n'

n^o f SP if=f. . .-lc i-f-., tp{a,-.TF tTXrg {trt:.g 1n-P 1f5t rt"-t l1',f*
6-1.<r^9

(rrfa rsf esJ 1) rg"9 r.-.? =..Cci ril nft rlFl. lg-{-t 'l=ap .r1." =cso ryt't
"t
ri rfnf- rdl 4 f *.=.g tf-rt rE? rfrP rfft rftrg {.! rt"51 *t'g *rt
6

"*?
!{t'
,!.t *-.t ri"'r, ft1st J-t-It t1nart (r:fi a# J) rlcqn 11argy 1+c1e 'r" dt
r?o tfdg t&ff 4 tJ.,tr? -iect, .r rrf't'-'.'r:' f=t rm* tfi1t
"f fff,t i a"rQ f+{-c 5"ry
tpf.ry "rC-{ I1"1 r1...- ifl t&-lJr^t1.-I.t-', o'Co 6-1sr'9 f fP SP 9"'J 4 1f1J fnf- d
t1-t.".?

fC2 qr. tff* yg1J r!fi-r 1*r:.1J neft Strg (y5p ci r) y"fi r6.q'i ?{.ct' i'-fr" 5{'A 51tl
!f R" .C1,1- -l{t: nfas
r1=c: o,o 6-,=lt llTIlT'
Sp f.J "f ly,lJ l15I,- n5 cq.1
.i"srJ "{lt n*,t .qlr" $rP (. .r) ? "f r1"rt ( r"f, -f , lnlrp "O ff rr.t ) f
r.J 1pn--r nfas..,<. lq'f tff,t =l? L-fO lFll-
-.r, fl11wi
-tf iSf nt'r'r9 16-l..t

A-r xi5p (fn) orn-;r t1g=-rt:

A-\ =.+ rfSf lfql.f :E i :r1r'11"--=-o "i- a5{r rfff lt-lc vl .? Jx '] Jx 't\ J'
A- F?tr sh.r ttgscft

-K'qft - i.r! -Tii:, lFlT neg

p'tce 1[rr
(.i5O tr# $ro 1g'5r; clgceinr icri '

e-FTv. il=lTif{n f(e .t nry'

tf.Tr}
tf -1" rt*Tt tctg Sy'"T1f lf .K".fi$ ttfq-t f f,*a6-Ra 1ga'
.- - ietq-- rrf 1p61,'fog (.r) ilft r=KP .J nFt t(rfl frP rfrrf tmrgl ie{-1r- efl<:
rp.I.Ir.vcd)(v-t)'
-r(y? - fa rrf vt ttw lfl r"..-', ri
t6rno p.r ftn tt{.r rf
( v - I ) clFrrio
tJ r,.f lr:(T f trrn rFllt ( it' ='rP 'P r)
6-r'I"r qry tmrr-: 'J llry l{t'
lIIKfl N!- IInIt.
ra.-p 1f4 6grrr cg-t3trA tf{ i<. v.rr .J n1r3 "f tf:if k'rs-' lff ir5f Y-rff
- - hf tl-:KT ru''9 "ft rf'"t lPr:l=t ( id +rp cd t ) r1"q iitt fr':- rt=f tFtT
ftf-rt-,, f ff q" -qt ES qgcll lnd tlf'lrF '
l- tr=.i ll'lo
+ r !tr]'ryC it'- tt=TT516'f :

II=ITtrrrrs lf tE.cn.- rf il "'sq ;5'lrp r(;nu-r ll-KT td ITnHT 3I5 vlo l&gTt.- Tf
."{e rrr.gt + \ f ' r=IT sp rt "O rff,t Srrsi 1*srJ rt=XT
rtr (t-r-r) r-<^ #^t=f
raq Sfl x? lprr rq11r rc1*c1r "iit0 rf ( t-f -v ) r"r.n iq*ls-', lTIo ("f -r- )
"t=+f
L'I :IT IPfiT
"J.ff(orr+r)?n,'
r.lf,io '. ' f+? 1p-.', tp1-n F"f 56? frq- 6=?0 4 (. o I T f ) ?
*-'r- r- ( ' e1 i + o)
NEI rr.n-6 sl f rrs (o- r-:) 6'r,-q-'r +f c r' t1 96 tnr (o-"r) ln if rt lyl" tf tr"r':
t'e r.,.. lrfn-". -l5rr.vr\ +ce 6-1<c 4 1g-m y'r f lrr (o-r) rf -1<* t='cto 4'f
t-1, "5r1.;= tff,t
, - r<z.if rrsf rt
v! \ - \ / \ l'l
 t\

fffc1 -.t 4 o J '

tfTl II,ql? It tf*1fl---
=".Q 16r+.0 tfq 11,.11F
'4 lprrcir l!.--1, =5 tfhr fl tn6 !.( W =tf 1y-1c ff ttrf=p
frt rr.rrr qo rrrrin ir1r rrc.( ;-\) tt'l'Ttdg 4 r'-jq Ii5 *J prr-e ln' ifl
lrs ct , ?lT llc--
-A

=--{1co (.r +r)m f r&t"t fl:t rfC? {.g1 lgt w" t(f* lF"frFp ffil fq'zi
r1-c tfn? r1"{r.s f lp1, ret0 qf c{r91 ---16r? !---'t !n !e d.i ca cc+1
V-J 1,:,r2 1pq; P 11-1r

rcit - i6.-5 irCO cinr; SP FII.- fi$r 4 Sflog =Tir--'t <irq

f,f?o ro-rf,5t d1e lge1y'

tm" "fr-q1 -1-rl f"..#P -ft r{q fT -,. i*ls'tJ =n^ "'nrJ im' lr FJ ilrr0 '
ri,.r drci; r-f -.,710 hf tp (c<'- ) rf 11 1s'=-o ' ff tfqfa tfsfrs KFI) fl
r<m trqtrr lf I F\ r is;-irn n*r -s ; I *1't (tr "s v; "'1'Y n!"1 fo 1=r -1t
IIyf ",? (lf[t irrl nTa r..?q nnr.,ra+p tn l:r f -f FIr t[I{tf-- e 5grr 1p--r'
1q=at-&t' q=r 54 l1.s.rt1.-t"r.e lr *trtifr d5-"",-'' rfftf:5tCt "r }I "'1nr$Ir
r"J 6-5\ r. nrlr) fl . r rn r r *11 i{' ffit (-.rD '
"1.e 3

tf-{ ;t: 6.ffo n- . 1 crirp r rf :t ft'fn ffrn ,.trse'o cti1P\ h-' Fcic q" I f -1q
,r- r".iro "-r'e:tu'l fir rf.t'
fitfi tftf- tfl -tt-o tfi d- ?I -ln -? t'*
p5r t1.u.rt1-,i ot-tr .rJ r:'4. rai=tJ Fn =ft llr lflr'., !Tr" ic-fyl !6- "nTY
'p'xr;
v-I !i" flf'- lpl-r

{qv r1=*r0 f rff:. 1."pr'''' 1t'r5.'

r rff tf
rdf,ro
'*-,--
sP srr-ttrn
c-o ttftF {fl hq't fd it'r'sP nr" "f
!Q "r.r.itrr
rq'i s0 nr. -' ', n-rf qyr qo n*g lqn 16 {q! rft't It rt'rry tD-rs ttr ( l-t ) q"
-K=Xt - ne t&..tQ t'n =elF t,(,f12 lfi=1 tTT .lt ?r :c9
'

(. rl # x ov1, J' t "J)ff "5i ri-"rn'

;r?,i f2 4 tf:2 lf !r !i l.g t:fs, sr fflg II-1d rts.n=P, lf'"r'r lqco t'n
r1g{-,qS

v-\ rtrptfqr.r r:..fi rPs\"f rfrn,

V -5ii.rr dnr tfr=oo

- f?r i6-\f,, !r lcgrJ f t1grtF1y:rq- f tTtrr,'

- p.-t lyen 11",5-y.' t15']ft 4 g5..rt "4,-rT t151'--t'

rr*"-.rt n f,lr rfr-t f.{ rr#t ( 1fr r:P cd r ) '

,-..- rjf..,<-9.r "rnaA tt' fftf.::r9 lf 6'ffi cr-c glrfi "f fF S'f, lgrnca
-K.ft - frryc ,r-c lt'r.i 1J".rnr.y rclfr,p tP.ftTrt q" ffJ fftt ='f i? fff,nr f&t'

vr r - I / \ i'I
Y. t'\ / \ - I qA

'"'1" 11 tlyi !'^ 6JP:J1 drlt:lJl

I:i- e+
!i-ij .:..13 oLt-l d;li-:6ll t+5J$1 ,"+
'!'{Jt'l'i'Il cilj-Iill
. 6r-:.rle 7. , ,\ ,y-,Si +-,-rlsl ;3;i .9i;-"" k+ .* €:ill

+J.t^11 q9.iJlQetJl 63i,.^Li.'il\-=ddS3gJ3Y! ipjYl ,&4.JJa'$i:!l eLoe\r'i.+

. .sl-e d,i-e 6 'Uf ;.
'/. o'
o JKi r.Jl"!-') j:++Y '-rl-u'll u;- 'l-'ii3
( c.rlJ3r) ej3j eE ,lr-'r".1 iJl-: d-r i-Jsi" c.rji'o:l> a+l rJ-rJl ;^-'; ;i rfll-rJl "r'
' iiYJ JK"!l J$ i-Lt!3 ;[e'll Ll- .1 '6]i s Jl c!c-e 6," olJJ
. rU' ; -Ur.f. ,--,lJ't;ii ','i

A;Lc y:j i.lt- d 4el-. tA Ji

i!$: \o *f, +,!) !g1 1(. -i :'-:. cJ$ ctJl ,.;. (,,,ll3iiJl di
. k. -i J#J
,:,LJ uitiir oU",,Jl ,*.L;u3 ,;r.-Xf a;ii .Jt +!Jt" '-r'"t3; a;i Lll;,

LJtLll U-Fi oQc ;,^c t-A

a-i!i- JL"r i !c LJLiill e\-Jas JJ+J ' \-1 ldll J.UJ) JiJl drj dJ";l+l drugJl ;xc',' -:
; Lj)l :3.:-Jl 9 ;
iiS:1o+a-ol*.Yi
iiri.r l. t icl*, tA
ii$.r(o+a.eL,VY
a.gL- \ + el+i v
i-cLA+.o.,YA(

,J.rill ++I-,i - C

ot i- r)l Ljl.iL i.,-.'i \ - 1

tt ) y }J r ql ( Y
) :.iJ F ) t-al.- lii g\,Ji-r"-Xl ai!.,;l a''r' I

).a i
t- L.l
t& J J}J ) J* !,J -6.r aruiiLJl Jt- ) 4-! ^!* , S,r i-,.,,-J r-.-ill
LVJ

(JJ I r"il Ll.',.GJ L-l

!--.Lt
cl-,
t- ,Jr-J 4.l i.t- L.P dJ lI* (JL^19 j
+,
Li-JJ -,.,s1 + o
) du-+
L
uil"s ;.JiJ ,:d.-!1" -l (
ll
L"A ) JJ-JJ Lj e

. -tlj;jYl LjliJ t .e -i e+,F a$_r

: a+)1 il.:1,.11 J. (d1S-1-r.lSi. ) l! (C) el i- iYl L3UL ' : "- i

,l,i x \ o

c
I
Z

, ,i ,,,r-

. (,iJ}) ll+ J"sll l.,c ;3ijJl ' ; " dJl = (9

tt CJl' l^t" Jl

. (f) -t! di-LeJl 4rs &tJl : .1

. (e') -J! -r-ruJ e:Jl etlJl CL. d-* = t

1o
i+ rf-6""1. 11-<ryn lqrr- ( ,' .)"r51i-51P '
F:*Errrc -+"fn l1nlP
f inr =t,1.r qE=?{r '
iir iWr- ni€r,61=cs "f rfsp t5-.a lpgt,1 i.cn- qJ) + , \ "f 'f"T lll'rP ll--""a
'/.

1gy! ri-".-", rf.rf,"X tfff gqp 1p-.1 1yl'.tt '

t.i5.r.a 11iet r1=-e "f t111.1P tff rp{c: *r fto n" + \ Z "f d-f rgnP tp'r! T:'rs<'
, q\o

( r, .) sr.r-sp r&5p
elgr-'lt 4 *r!
f r,rr "#q a Kry
6r frrr ft rrf
-"'r- dsr r=-. 'gtt"t tKr=]l y (d*r:rP) rry srP "fel .6-tui' 4 5P "'.1 &f-''
. \ -I- \ tF*1-, 6 lfzii<^ 4 nP ffi#
r r-r !,sttr!a'i lfr.\''re'-ar
'r r

,"-ro +"€ rFiF tt{cg frcp rff"X tfs'f- '

.\-t-r t'r lIIIlP

rrt'-t rt-rP nf- ( r'.) sit-sP '

(r,,) "Sfi"Sfp f ff.,Cf,
.tf i-.-t "f 6s?o ..*-c,f .f* "f K* t'tf ' hfc f
i='.F 11-=t E-=?o 'Tla? l&f=1" 51te-T -fF f5c; nlD 6.t diai{ { 5P 'fi f.f-
. \-t-\ lls''\-6'lfziiC 3r..tnF fff-o
. \-\ T16-? t[=1'
. t- ltri+
., L \ : --t=.r rff-2 l. r,\fr2 t&<'1q1 ip1."f lp., (. I J " . I J)'
f: rE:P ="fl ,s ll).'{- iltrf '

=f? i? :
l l\ l

F
o

r="-,,"nta 16.F-y.tT ( ra) -lr's-t-srr,"f tr-r.* r&rf :

r(frt.- "f :f fn-a =li-.. {f iIIe ry5P 5e1 n5 1p1

'
l[=.f =rs
...tF t1y{ ' .f =',tt f-tcg ti=.f ic6.l # i+al, ,g'ta liflJ g.? =rr q tn rS-' fl "tP
*J fnes l1..-p isnJ --P (. . ? A T . ,r) rrf / nrf -xP rfir: tUa ["'Ta' lf-P fl
r,,s{-C q- ,-xl (i^*) tff,rtrr l&rr. qTrt- 4 rn 2 rf,1rn It t&fr2 t&q're1 k'rc (. r)'
'

r") . (t-r-,r) rgcr, gns- rrrfc -rr1 q-'atr lfr2 tnyt

ri"J q<rrr + c" J
r.J F==.) Sp 1-,u...,, 'f,lfr *"(, 1r+\ 11-1rfi rt51 t1"19.-Y lfTfce f fm'if 1p.r+1 1r-r-
q']'s '

rer, li.='-(. q- p-fn rfarf,a i-rstJ 61o "n"ir 5.i:fqo 51r- l1.{-rr' tfl i9ct-r
t-I Esea "-qt"I t&r-q-IlT
v! \ - I / I l'I
 fa.ry tf=-o .rn F "'=rJ I''EifJ a.lB ''"'F ,r
r-'1' NAJ tmp '
rr{, rfar-f gt".l ngf
tr.ftc. rru:rf ft J Z II"I='Y crcl iwc 'si yff;nr '
rr''t' iercc c6'#fi f -=o
"r(sft - nf rfl.r ir- i-rrr 5iQ 1c1e 1qq'p ' tf ff xl
rpr:frr 1-ro 191r A ; Z os"l i-' d rrf mr
#6 ,fa':t','f lt'"nr= l&r'q inr v6 r .{.J ffi ":..-'tci I1f ' lcl' -lci ;=-: 11'''cr=
f,v-ra5"r c.srrn,6-f"1r NSJ *g1r. $'e l&slQ fn-.1 -TI.ry 5re l&5\?
,-.,,., ,,.-; "i1-cf i.,-i r tfg=e- 6r,, --rrl? -l.rv- r=r tgrrf_tfi,rt : 'Trtlr(.) 'Tfi.Ef
Fd) rfrt=-r m.ot nc= 16r=--11'frtr q- r=r "=1J tr nfP 1p-'-o 1y*I=-U
F 4
. \-l-J-J rr't=-
u=.-rr rrr=.f f"f NIIS rmp rg9.# c* -it ,p'-r --6p 1f"f '
qr'r.n
r-"p tn-ri: t,n rC* *{p5t +^* llr-=-rr =51 r"r-=-cJ 1r'-r' rg=J rfrfnf 11.'-T,-".' If

fhf gi"a o'l I t\nu ftTl l&=fr crel F f =rv 5t'1'fr ;r1r '

*=5,v - *. ,6t+ if isrnt'5=1e lcto !!qf ri!"f tl .fr ncl '6-ff1 f * .-o 1y="tr-
ti.\fcg !-rC. 1UP
i,t' d frf rnr '
"f o'r 7 T1 rJ
n 1p-t*''6o-Th; vI r 55r? l(ncefr;' l&T Kcl' 11-1ci 1g-,gl=: tr'eT
*ttt.qt)'
"Tf,? ":ri.r'l f, t rql; -;5rv rs,'o.f NgJ tEiF r*s rf "f rdg rrft rtt'u (rnt
r=r-".' rn*C6-q r i #u i-
;'lple, ffi; o.l -y;1or -I=r* "f g.o yrc2 rr-r-. tri:ro trrc{.?' f s' rr:f
# ,0,o" +.*ini r.J.;- r6r-n=frf n" t' + il nF tp--o lP*s.-TY
'\-I-J-A r6-rc:t'tf t(f
a -srt-'. f?a rTtI' - A
pf r6qe: g-rs r(=l' Tn-1, Fl r..gr rp=;^ Tn i'r.=l f*c rf,l ff NEJ lFi"'
n-'f ,'Z 6a* f if t 16r=f i'irf fia{ c''v 5-14oorrJ
i-rf '
;-o 1p3"+r1r- r'ttf
;;': --*a rir-.t rf i-rry r=1rfl lcto !ff iqrco
"ftft f
ItTrrT !-Ko !g;r 4 r Z :rs"1 i-. cr-.\ r'-1'ft 151r '
,. 111'"nr"1 ln rz-11" iztr Vr ;eJ r 5fO ltrqeg E--f9 l&='P Kclo lgei 1gr=f te
4 !.f,trn lp-.-tr -l"T-iP g'ra tP<t-". "f"f trt f*ry g-'irg '
r'-i!+ ot, +, qr"n ih r"-.rJ sn Nal r1n*s t'f:j-f
.f { tr:.-r
!s ,l-,., frg r&=1, f{rE1 1.-h nc"t t6rna frtr "r' Fr "..+ "f rl]P lr'-d
' r,-r-"\-\ t6tt* fr: t6T
. r -t-l # cgt {."tY Tle? lr,}F-17

nrc.f r[s(.i-r-r)rh^+p --f ,,^5''r+e ='"-''

6i
..
$ ,rtop rk.s tt'lt-r tt.=*rS l1-<"'{.- t1 lir (,"5qc
-p
. , -, -, rsCK rrnJ
vt \ - \ / \ t'i
fcg &tIP 4 -.1 6-1=r'9 '

Sr;.1 i-.ere 51FT - tf'1l lfTfn

11rqr S"'t Tc"j ryn tFIt(.f tfs (i r-r-o-r)
f-.n 9=-o (:(1r^ 1y,*lqe rf rnr (i r-r-r-i)
- t&r.iqt if sm fe =-'+J gs tf:ri, filKfy
ffi =ce t&yrr rrr{ss sp 4 rirnq! rit(ty(.$;n d!.r yt sFt 4 tff lpTfe- s"ri

t,(ri, qt''p "f €+r i-(lc llT.tcg

'

fx :rP t': r,(n2 rgn Lf "f x* 1rr r<ft r1e2 "'* a rff tg1t'r +t mt
qr:.,c1c,",qq9tff l,lcg'
+"ftr fin tf".fl lf tf,-P ".- "."/- i5twfl 6-681 l*:fff-". l;<*t lnn g5+1q -"r9 5.'c+1
\ \ -I-I- \ lttg tt"d t&ft't
\ i_r_r Srs tg=-o lcf NgC t[lt"-6

'
tFa lm= fi!-To z'""- 1a1,- 5=='- tillsi li=-,;i
c'f, NgC rm..n tf"ryr '51 yl [t. lpf,t-'yl 5-.LJ qgf f nF ryo rf'# l6lf "f g(,l
ynt rff rqrr trn--; € g.Hl-t.r rn rrr (r t-r-o-l) r 6- i'-'(1 qlt tlT==o triy "f .Ir1
invc E<er. ti'S f'P NEJ tfo.:rp lfrq't fl tJ.s (\ \-r-? ) n5 s=:r-t rE=i rnrf 4 c'P
.1t.gy, qa tif l-.TY i,( f-i1cs t1y=t' r6.61't 6il rqto t1;ic: irc Ec?',^ ff.iy fnri '
-'.6.n ' +*y iq.clc 1g\c9 irc lf=n-C? "i lf.Tltca ttctces f tJn3 ( t t -f -"i-"r) 1-'r1c q-tqg
ri.f,J

rr"4 ff
c'icg lp=..o f
Nflf, tn'r*5 trc?, tr.t ( r r-r-r) e rt "--'
lrlt qs cd
r-- 1i{1a c=# rg=f "f Cf rni r("f
!- i'r rtcg tF.dr ir=t1
4 rf* ll'18 figtq '
8.ft.4 Es,rr ffi=-f faf NAf, tp.i-i tnP :

r,t-I-t lr(!
\ \-r Es,e lf:tr rrf NilJ tgl€

35"c Tat tp-o ll593 .f nan-", nP 5szo t'q6--v ltr r.'n1 i"c V I ifJ '

glcp'f1r rfrd rfft "f rf r1-e+t lng=1 1y,-\ce qn rr-D q=-o 1p{c: f'r? tQ

qJ r*P"f f q'trt
i+r1e s<ze lfTlqtt r"€ ;-\r9 i6'ry'1c f n+) ro*t' rp,oe "f Ef *-ir rFi
"C FC
ql trr [iftq-. rfl il !.\ trf 4 -1* cf NaJ lg-l"p r-'r-lc- lfr lr1-Tl'qj
tr.r:T? "ns i-rstJ c"f, NgO tfr=-6 !r ldfs lfr trr'Tt rrtrt'- q" rrfrf
'ri='.n-'

( r - "r ) f r.r la ,.-'t' rrP rgr"v- lr"rp .(t:qF Hce vld* dl xp rr'nP
r.5f i'5r14 rf NEJ gi--q-1f rrs rrat' (o-i-.r) lr *lr r?' .ct51 '{q--r f lls

\ t- r=?o ql11qy f'P NUf, llfr-' r.,trt.r tfrrn frt!

vu t - t / t t'i
t. t l / \ - l lA

&i,;- l^i-'rr,ii-ill d'-.-n 4+JiEll e lL-jll ,rrr...rj 6:1-6Jl Jlr-l a.6+ a,1. o-ji;l1 e :J-jll p.,+t
4-il;'tll ,j+LiJ !r,+!l CEN &t c-" cJJEJ ijXll erL.ill e-" r-r.t3 dS,,F-iJ . &jt
All^
aJ.-l-,,ill L"JtiJl !-il i YaitJl ajxlt ,",i""lt si \iill ja.s;ll
ttyi atrii-L(r-y-t\)
i.+,- LF-.! 6l ,=ni- d,,-_1..-lt c, r+J 6rk3l Jl' li_6; a- (F6J+:.+,jj.llJ i_ili-ll
'' ri\l
.;=:;.UUl elrl.tLll ibtjlt e lt"ijl e. il-si-Jt eljJ]t .x i.slj g)S ,r+E L.ir_r . (4.:,::^)
. i:i,l.J. ;:tx; Jtj.-L rrtxJt Jt!-l 4r+ a$.1 y-i+s- &jt rJ_F* (r_r_\_ I I )

gJill i5Jill !'-s-i \-Y-Y-'\ 1

:.4. !l-r!.11e rll -ll.5.ol a<+eS+&,rll Ail;LLJI ;,116rll e:,.+$e+

Lr.U+ 0i .t-d J' (t-\-\ 1) +.lt Cl &_tl A.r",_!..,!;r;\lrJt ,jiisilt r,a-rA !i)s-,rii:iii -i
(r-o-r-t t) 3 (Y-t-o;,;+plll .;rtill oi ;:zljJl olrlLlJl
.
elsi-L .*,+!l CEN &;1 a!t& i qrJlJ*to d;J e ij.j . Jt ll ,J,a=iJ! ,ji- i rr=+ _+
{Nor,o3i pit,o ji 11 ry,o }CEM1 ,-,t*,,itrii-!(r-\-lt)$+lt ssi-,}ll 4iJJHl
u"LFJ.=J+"-,!:ii ig:Jlj.g$ll_)jJl c-dJtJi--ul oe:+$f_,Jfi.lJLlrill ii, lFl &1 LJ
. 6.rtaJl 1lr.-1 +6;.
crlS)l .[c ,.,.,-lj 6:@l _21-r.-J q; J^ o-js] euiyl aJ"n $c ;t_.,_XJl &jt e jr,.i rijl
,fJXl iiill ,!i3;.:laJl -,1l.r=) ,-,-.-i Q;lt ,,, "- !i J-ul &jl o a+lS a,!.S ;rO i.rrsi-tr
;rslJ ii- Ltc ds.,) 'o.l.J ( \ -o-y- \ 1) .*ylt .$l ds_, ,ji:ill ,J--s a+_A .+^,.+-r (t _f_y_,\ I
)
getlll 613^:Jt., liEisYl +J !.116.111 ,1.1=J 4.6; J. e,-r-;lg eiJ.ill t"il ,r!l l*l e+:
. ,J.-,ll A!" ds ; ,.JsJt a'ri.., J1
"'--=li
: (Y- t -o; &$l ,.+ i.)Jlll orjll^l JJ ,ji::ll ,J,.s! es ,E! alts ,J.i &jl JJ$ et:
(f -r-\- I \ ) ,,s'3'sJt .urll os i.r;l3Jl dJltlLr JU r.:[,3,
et1,;6 t-]te, (f -o_y_ \ ,\)
",--ill
ai.,U.ll 6.:kJ :.rrii .r,tl
. ;l.r-!;.:le a<+
_rl.r-l e.,j.',

il\ .i ;l:.:1 irir_.p Y-\- \ \

",---ill r;1L)l \-r-Y-'\ '\

(\_Y_Y_\ t) s+ll (,3:,.,:..ii^rl ,-,i",,,11 u. ej_r, dL{-1 "L fu3Jl ot i:.r.'tr_rj (\.) F+
61-3Jl r,+!l CEN &t: otri.:ll .srs) dJ$ (fll &_lr ,,U.i*, (\_y_\_l r)
i +Jl_r
6$ qt cll:3 ;J.iL. 15JiYl r,+ ;:sf_5Jl o.rlyj,c :+r,t4
6_lj .JS u" ,lE i. J;sj . dJ"i.y I

g.rErlt Cl.+ ,J+i: e:: \A J,"+ I1:.^iyl LJIL Jiiii:il J+ilFl r!-ri:
i q-Stf ;j.-lfl
.;r1il1

elj.rJl r1c eLl ,-ll Y-f-\-\

U+,illJ \
(J9J A.,lEilt dis*"iJ ('l -\-1 \) dlJ
Ai$I cJg J++r et-iJl e. e:j cjsltu.:yl LjUL,,, ,_i
dJ. al^-i',*ll r+ji:X (e)l ,J_q,iJl &Jll e.:J--si-Jl
,..,rrlt
(cr) ct:Sj,',:-r (\_y_,\ ))
k "lU. .r" Si-it a1, edEill GjeJ,.ii r-r. GJ Jqtiill &t^ ,,,."-l . s,+Jll CEN &J
. (1-f-\-l .) C 4iJr.ll c}+VI "oJ:\.jll 6rlc)l r_rlllL1J
t. t I / \ - l1A

j--ill rt* r-ri 'ii cJ+UiJl a|rie *+Jl dtij ,1s;) eie AI- i
le r.":
e:c i.lLr ,.+-l al.SL
: sill tu) iri ottlLr Jl o\f o:'l-e io j*;- iidJ"'
.(().)ri ((),),ir$ ''J-t(\')l! dlll!aL'rill ijrill ':""-1 (i
. (O) J-S '''l-r ( \ ' ) Jl e'jEill t'-.l!'-ll '{-ilJsr)l !",.l (?
. 6JLi,)l dl-dj a!-JiJl i+illJ
::J1i aK cJH (sJ.L-JI ilill ' ,' '^,r (+
a!-FJl i-.ri!ll ,:,..-'iJ 6J.EUJI i.-iXl '-rl 1i (Or) J" JSi ..--,,1-63iiJl ou .5:-l rJF \-$c (r
,:i
eiEill C-+ '-,: (ur) LrF i,Si
,:EJJill ..:r u. JiSi Jl O.1* L$cJ i'iii$Jl (l 1) ll e.Uill
"#j
. (\ . Fl AiEill )ii a+ (Jr) d,r. JSi .J;s eltia ;-iftY L'uj IJ.SL 'J!a'ill rt'l3
:4,i)l iilll u. ( I ) 4i..rt.Lll J['-.++

: .-,) ''':-
(Z ) 4+ll.^ll -.1rj't-r: 'r
. dls-t,.ls+JL d#^ &t elsi*i+al',.--iJl A.ltxll 4J"-ri,"ll i+lil! = o.,,
. d[S-L.lSi*lL qf+y CEN d-J ehii-i+ aI--:Jl AjEJll
i!-,JiJl 44$l :
"F
.,t +>Y ( r ) Ll+.,l
. 6-.,1L1,)l cJ^6i3 Z

cJitill Y-r-Y-'\ \

1l:,-) ,-r-5L) Ul: ,Jr$"tt &jl ajxll ,..,iil1 9. ;:-13 .JS ( . ) airLut ;!,- ;-rS;
,;r-.-iJl ;.:lx-:,
a4sOFt $cl-i '/.o A,$1 (\-r-Y-It)ef;i:c gll3+*.-ll ('\ -\-Y-1.)#:U:Yt
'/. o
O-9S . &1!. J;c &jl la$' ir3-S a -61ri !JL,- ( I ) 4+r""Jl a.,,ilt ;. ,;Si -ei a:-lj
r arr""Jl g;rnl +SFl ,J--! .iJLY ti, .l-'i"tt .#W1 CEN &-t ( . ) ++tLtt Jq..a.$
't o
A _#\ _ri !:U iJ-."Jl ( . ) ++r c-r:lli L-r.'r'1. o,y &\ (\-Y-\-I \ ),Sl k; y,-lt
,,1' d-".-.X 4il3Yl !'--ill 6r\-,i, 1l'. ^l s* d*"lJt 9..,- r'-iJ L'-!ill CEN &1 cjjp p ).i
. .rJii 4q1!^

.#Wl CEN J--l ,ji-lll ,-,a.:i {-Y- \ I

g-l-F S-: ,J,.-.i ,l;s. li &Jll e,!l eJiJ
a.i.-lJ,"ll .*l -.#l;!lJl CEN &t an1J". ;U,; ,9;,1
;
''P;j; '5:Jl3
(f- t -o; .*-rill r+ll L&-r a+-rt-,,It ., -.i-," J 1,++sll *UJt 6:jF .5,"J, ,-,--! (i
.
oe r-.r^ 6i3^J ajittL er .r-t;6 CEN &: g.r".1 (o-\-l \) .fJrll +ll iii-r gS ,J--s (?
q+.t .r:r-*:Fill ,r.-l,iill CEN &J
.;:\-,ill -21.:..-j
;-r.l ,,s-rJl o'.-ill iJJ.l+ i.r.s,lj i;,o i-:r-1 6$Yl il"il $e e i-j iil.i &-,ll A+ f3q u-;lJl lfC
. J,XJI -'---ill 6.Ll3
'eJl-r
fJiJJ 4i.Lti" 1o-\-'\
t): (Y-1-o.1 j::c;,iilt ;:irlt j jJlilL:Jl jl J. lsil! J.-,ll C* iA
!.:le r\t ;li*al .<. el+-l grtjilt Cl.+J+j . 4+lL 2;o ia;:: Lri uc ;il-dl ;1:.-1 aa; ptcl
. crlJ\, g)lj,j' diiY;r^I rCI-i- pJ,;i,Si:lt gl.jJ

Y
 \I

ITrlTnr-r f rrs ( r r -r-r-l)'

+\ i-rre ttrt* fP "or.r tff rn-tt f =tly *Tt-c? riP sp 4 lsr rf-ctct
r.".{J
rlx*
X* 1fr2 "f 1p-"r:r1-fn "Itr?':Wf qfsff 'o ++y (-.c1r^ lpglq '
1"T 'lP sP "#-f "f 1gx'1.r ly: d rrfh r]*tFtJ .f,2.-r'? -:5I.r-, rp1 tF.{ iJ i;"ic
tf-r-. tfSJ ' 6-=.r tf.=f 4 ialit+n F<ai, tpd{^ iKFy E=r-o "glat fil t1r5 (i f -"f-f)
ft.J -fa lp=so 6-f=fu{) 4 =+1 i-'r1c tf.tcs r"1lct:-fo
tf.rtr tfatc g#.fi ,
6g) !,sr tfs tni C r-.r+ "C lrp <+ ie\lc llT.\q .

*"ir(r +\f rff rf.# lfTl€

t1w;1n-;.,f rn- rr..n (t-r-t) cttr rf.+, fd rf,=+.c:
ty.tJ * i-ot' tr-t.: lFJtc iK? o..!.6-qrr 4 tt"-.t.r rrff: f trrt r,.J df,rt r.o-=-,,-,
+-- rlr&rrr lF.r1f ,?-fi lp.sf f".f? l;prp l5e.'.-rD.
ci - 6-c.'rr 51f T.\.lr lfae{a (tF:,wiJ ft&llo) .

t-r-r. sf 6t'- rft' .

.rs-l r1,1-- ff
rfn* f<l.r tf-n lf.r11 t'i -ry i-r1c 1L-.\qo {r-rr tfnfr t&rt :

|' l_J_t n+
D(frIr-1D

11-t rszrr l1.TlqI'Tltr,tff tfrtf

(r r-r-r-t) gqive 1;ra'
ind =t i*ta tlr-\.s ri=rc 1g"+;.F<4, t*f'- 1or1r 5.lqo tF=-o ltr.cl'! rfrrt f rrs
(t t-i-o-r) f o'r Z 6t' "A
"cr?'iSt tF lt' 'f Eiinf g'nr O lSr 4 o'r Z sii
&irto -'ia tfn5y G) q-4 .1-U "f (f i) E=po .;,+cn q+D cltr-'.{-r- ftf,a+a =r,F rf ttr-
I r,-I-o-J lrfiT'lr
il:.1.- rr"+fo !,ie rfn-,* (c) s-1 "r-J f rfs (r \-l.-J_r) .

r{*. ruya
A
trl-Jtc n' trs (i t-i-^r-r )'
ritrcc fl trr (t \-r-J-r) 16*.1. q" n*i rr:rP rm.g rrfl *t, rf- r-i nF f ,&uf,
"K='11 - rt =p "r.J "ffr.q,., gfP c.,e-6^ =p f1=c9 I'.IrTIry.- ttr,.tc: tg:tr: l(=f, g..€a, lKTr-
lllFTi'
.='^.- *tf lg.'nfl^ El
'f "+,{..16 tf;5.1P rffit lf,Tf- E.) t1rn ( t t -f -:-f ) ,r-,<^9 1er12 ".e
I["*I-.I}nr"fc2,nt', fI.=ffi,.e +? iTlc tE tre .

(rr-r-t) r-.? i5tr? (xr) 11rnJ lf-F-.R nfi, r51:fi 4 grp tp",O c(*) fqp
r=''.- -T1r? l6!s.rlT I5f Crl "f t1cnn rh.ic .Q tf;1P 6^6r (r r-r-r) r^;".<p 1p1.i rsc-r
\ l-I-o-t lls*1lD r1g,+Ff A 1g1;rD
1;.tr _,qrt ir.1fl M vt rJ 6^F".i.1.r <-€ 1pg9D 1y9re9 .

ItcF.li qn SP C6., t ff, qfrf rfr=e k r(t'r nr.s egn tt'tf.r-t' r-spo lpftgr
"(] i+-1?i--1c 1l'.*}1qo nr.nil 1grff (t i-i-r-r) f (r t -r-r-r)
6!z1.a 165rrr
.;=.='r
tPl:'S'<^: SP fl 4 fP rf:rP $'Fa ift=ce fii..=rJ tf"{-(, tnt'q rs Sp -r-t .I-<^r'i-{r
tptcs frqo !=e'l, fl "=r. rfy<err tTfQ fm J1rrs q{=- (r r-r-r-r-) . r.5rJ 1p.re!
fe{ qag tfet2 4 er-t.1'1- lp{.t i-5 ..,p;"re2 1p*'rS 1pi | 1nAC" rf=i:o "f +rrp i-,rla
\ \ -I-o- Trr-
\ ltr

\ r-I-o lcrg q=# rpt' ff NiIJ rm"5

vr r - r / r r.l
*O
Ea L fB k Y ;"f IX 'r

E[- u'
b-\
F 5:= v
I

r5 .C

r'[ ,,.8
Ir. s;f t e
v-g
,b.
k..
E}
;li
,F E.
.7
,cE
LL
'D
,P
.u
,[Fs tEE I;
E;,Eg,
s,.F r=
.tJ g
r"Er
tr
i: E:.
u
q".

f
{^

ft F,[i;E
"" :f
:fI LE
E.rfL
c-u-FF
;?'
Itr
jttL
fr
e- f'
1_
F;F
.!."8:
_t

SrEglFrElitf L
E?\r
D L-q ro
irEt L.
[-
E
t
qF EiYv-"'L
TEFEE I
e
E4-
-'v
E[[
;LL x

F, r.
6P
+,Bq-
*.*
E
r*\: E.^.
": [- F-* r,
trl
tr
ttt
gt;I}Iir ELLk.r' ? t
T

{" EE F
T-E
C-1
.C\ 5 'L"f, f ?ett
X h r-L.
!s['E
' I 1- c-
L: f ,J ii !i'', I
t! r?? +lLFf E i|,ki,i "'LIFT: ! rE']r
t.l I / I - l1A

c.,F L&, . /. o tt^ dri ('6JEiJl aj$ll ,:1!"ll C1.b*.r. r't3J +LlL irF JIJ'"JtaJl
. c!$r rr-,ll ,)k+ Jirtx Z o .1",,Si ,ri .+ru." (r) ;$l 5i ,i a:'trL$

+rrlitt c,ltstL,.a.tt - tt
repeatability rlrs
jolting apparatus crt:Le
grounded edge ;J-s ;4e i.il-:
cam as_r'.11 LIJEi a+.l-

standard sand .-l-,!,L,

reference sand o*- &-,
blade r4t
Vickers hardness JJSS 4rL-
spreader &:tr
, ,\\-i
mould ,

flexural strength eE jl LJUL

compressive strength .tl.i,.bj! LJIL
ram t*+L
jie , L;.,j; a-.= *
coeffi cient of variation J*Uill &1.r*

YT