BPHE SOCIETY'S AHMEDNAGAR COLLEGE

AHMEDNAGAR

A project on:
Flight Booking

Department of Computer Science

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the
Requirement of the degree
BBA(CA)

Submitted by:

CERTIFICATE
 Certified that this is a bonafide record of
the project worktitle:

Done by:

Of IV semester BBA(CA) in the year

2024 in partial fulfilment of the
Requirement for the award of
degree of bachelor of business
administration(computer application)

Mrs. Madhavi Dethe Mr. Sayyed Razak

PROJECT GUIDE HOD
INTRODUCTION
Introduction
1.1 Objective :-
The primary objective of the Airline Booking
System is to provide a streamlined and efficient
platform for travelers to easily book flights,
manage their reservations, and access essential
travel information. This system aims to enhance
the overall booking experience by offering user-
friendly interfaces, comprehensive search
functionalities, secure payment options, and real-
time updates on flight schedules.
1.2 Existing System:-
Traditionally, airline bookings were made through travel
agencies or airline counters, often involving lengthy
processes and limited accessibility.

Online booking systems revolutionized the industry,

offering convenience but facing early usability and
security challenges.

Modern Airline Booking Systems integrate advanced

technologies like cloud computing and AI, providing
personalized recommendations, itinerary customization,
and loyalty programs.

Despite advancements, there's room for improvement in

user experience and scalability, which the Airline Booking
System seeks to address.

With a focus on usability, reliability, and integration, it

aims to enhance the overall booking experience for
travelers worldwide.
 Advantages:-
1) Convenience: Book flights and manage reservations
from anywhere.

2) Time-saving: Streamlined process for quick bookings.

3) Flexibility: Modify reservations and add services easily.

4) Real-time Updates: Stay informed about flight

schedules.

5) Cost-effective: Find competitive prices and special

deals.

6) Personalization: Get tailored recommendations and

loyalty
rewards.

7) Accessibility: Available 24/7 for global travelers.

8) Security: Robust measures protect personal and

payment data.

9) Integration: Seamlessly connects with other travel

services.

10) Scalability: Handles high volumes and adapts to

evolving needs.
 1.3 Proposed System
Overview :-
The levels of airline booking typically refer to different stages or
processes involved in making a flight reservation. Here are the
common levels:
 Search Level:
 Selection Level:
 Reservation Level:
 Payment Level:
 Confirmation Level:
 Post-Booking Level:

Scope:-

 Flight Booking:

 Reservation Management

 Payment Processing:

 Real-time Updates:

 Integration

 Accessibility:

 Security:

 Customer Support:

 Scalability:

 Continuous Improvement:
Facilities Available in the Airline Booking System:

1. Flight Search:
2. Reservation Management:

3. Secure Payment Processing:

4. Real-time Updates:

5. Integration:

6. Accessibility:

7. Customer Support:

Technologies Used in the Airline Booking System:

1. Web Technologies:

2. Form Design (HTML & CSS)

3.Coding

4. Analytics and Reporting:

 Goals of the Proposed Airline Booking
System:
1. Enhanced User Experience: Focus on seamless and
personalized booking processes.

2. Efficiency: Streamline booking to save travelers' time and effort.

3. Revenue Generation: Maximize profits through dynamic pricing

and service integration.
4. Security: Ensure robust measures to protect user data and
transactions.

5. Continuous Improvement: Commit to ongoing enhancement

and adaptation to industry standards.

User Characteristics
1. Tech-Savvy Users:

2. Time-Conscious Travelers:

3. Budget-Conscious Individuals:

4. Flexible Travelers:

5. Global Travelers:
REQUIREMENT
ANALYSIS
2.1 Feasibility Study:

A feasibility study assesses the viability and potential success of

implementing the Airline Booking System. It evaluates technical,
economic, and operational aspects to determine if the project is
feasible.
 Steps in Feasibility Analysis:
1. Technical Feasibility: Assess the technical capabilities and
resources required to develop and maintain the system.
2. Economic Feasibility: Analyze the financial costs and benefits
associated with implementing the system, including development,
maintenance, and potential revenue generation.
3. Operational Feasibility: Evaluate how well the system aligns
with organizational objectives and operational processes,
considering factors such as user acceptance and ease of
integration.
4. Legal and Regulatory Feasibility: Ensure compliance with
legal and regulatory requirements related to data protection,
security, and industry standards.

Technical Feasibility:

 Assessment of Technology Stack: Evaluate the suitability of

technologies such as programming languages, frameworks, and
databases for developing the system.
 Resource Availability: Determine the availability of skilled
personnel, hardware, and software required for system
development and maintenance.
 Scalability: Assess the system's ability to accommodate future
growth in terms of users, transactions, and features.
 Integration Capability: Evaluate the system's ability to
integrate with existing infrastructure, third-party services, and
external APIs.
 Performance Requirements: Define performance metrics such
as response time, throughput, and system reliability to ensure the
system meets user expectations.
FRONTEND TECHNOLOGIES

• User Experience (UX): Choose frontend technologies that

enable the creation of a user-friendly and visually appealing
interface. Consider frameworks and libraries that offer
robust UI components and responsive design capabilities.

• Interactivity: Select frontend technologies that support

dynamic and interactive features, such as real-time updates,
animations, and form validations. Look for frameworks that
facilitate client-side data manipulation and user interaction.

• Performance: Opt for frontend technologies that prioritize

performance and optimize rendering speed. Consider
frameworks and techniques that minimize page load times,
reduce server requests, and enhance overall
responsiveness.

• Accessibility: Ensure that the chosen frontend technologies

support accessibility standards and best practices, making
the website usable for all users, including those with
disabilities. Consider frameworks with built-in accessibility
features or tools for testing and improving accessibility.

• Cross-Platform Compatibility: Choose frontend

technologies that allow for the development of a consistent
user experience across different devices and browsers.
Consider frameworks that offer cross-browser compatibility
and support for responsive design principles.
BACKEND TECHNOLOGIES

• Scalability: Select backend technologies that can scale with

the growth of the website and accommodate increasing
traffic and data volumes. Consider frameworks and
databases that offer scalability features, such as horizontal
scaling and distributed architectures.

• Performance: Choose backend technologies that optimize

server-side processing and database operations for
performance and efficiency. Look for frameworks and
databases that offer caching mechanisms, query
optimization, and asynchronous processing.

• Security: Prioritize backend technologies that prioritize

security and offer features such as data encryption,
authentication, authorization, and protection against
common security threats such as SQL injection and cross-
site scripting (XSS) attacks.

• Database Management: Select a backend database that

meets the requirements of the project in terms of data
storage, retrieval, and manipulation. Consider factors such
as relational vs. NoSQL databases, data consistency,
scalability, and ease of integration with the chosen backend
framework.

• Development Flexibility: Choose backend technologies

that align with the development expertise and preferences
of the development team. Consider factors such as
programming languages, frameworks, and libraries that
developers are familiar with and comfortable using.
ECONOMICAL FEASIBILITY

• Cost-Benefit Analysis: Conduct a cost-benefit analysis to

compare the expected costs of developing and maintaining
the pet selling website against the anticipated benefits and
returns. Consider both tangible and intangible costs and
benefits, such as development expenses, operational costs,
revenue generation, and potential savings or improvements
in efficiency.

• Development Costs: Estimate the initial investment

required to develop the website, including expenses such as
software development, design, infrastructure setup,
licensing fees, and any other upfront costs. Compare these
costs against the projected benefits to determine whether
the investment is economically feasible.

• Operational Costs: Consider ongoing operational expenses

associated with maintaining and running the pet selling
website, such as hosting fees, domain registration,
maintenance, support, marketing, and any other recurring
costs. Ensure that the projected revenue from the website is
sufficient to cover these expenses and generate a
reasonable return on investment.

• Revenue Generation: Identify potential revenue streams

for the pet selling website, such as listing fees, transaction
fees, premium features, advertising, sponsored content,
affiliate marketing, or subscription-based models. Estimate
the potential revenue that can be generated from each
stream and assess whether it aligns with the project's
financial goals.

• Market Demand and Potential: Evaluate the market

demand for pet-related products and services, as well as the
potential for growth and profitability in the pet industry.
Conduct market research to understand customer
preferences, purchasing behaviors, and competitive
dynamics. Assess whether there is sufficient demand to
support the success of the pet selling website and generate
sustainable revenue.
OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY

• Assessment of Current Operations: Understand the

organization's current processes and systems related to pet
sales, if any. Identify any inefficiencies, pain points, or gaps
that the pet selling website could address or improve upon.

• User Requirements Gathering: Engage with stakeholders,

including potential users (buyers, sellers, administrators), to
gather requirements and understand their needs and
expectations from the pet selling website. Identify key
features and functionalities that would enhance user
experience and operational efficiency.

• Compatibility with Existing Systems: Assess the

compatibility of the pet selling website with existing
systems, databases, and technologies used within the
organization. Determine whether the website can seamlessly
integrate with other platforms or require additional
modifications or investments in infrastructure.

• Training and Change Management: Evaluate the

organization's readiness to adopt and adapt to the new pet
selling website. Assess the need for training programs or
change management initiatives to familiarize users with the
new system, address resistance to change, and ensure
smooth transition and adoption.

• Resource Requirements: Determine the resource

requirements for developing, implementing, and maintaining
the pet selling website, including personnel, technology,
infrastructure, and financial resources. Ensure that the
organization has the necessary resources and capabilities to
support the project effectively.
SCHEDULE FEASIBILITY

• Project Scope Definition: Clearly define the scope of the

pet selling website project, including objectives,
deliverables, features, and functionalities. Break down the
project into manageable tasks and identify key milestones
and deadlines.

• Resource Availability: Determine the availability of

resources, including personnel, technology, infrastructure,
and financial resources, needed to execute the project.
Ensure that the necessary resources are allocated
appropriately and that there are no constraints that could
impact the project timeline.

• Task Estimation: Estimate the time required to complete

each task or activity within the project scope. Use
techniques such as expert judgment, historical data
analysis, and task decomposition to generate realistic
estimates. Consider factors such as complexity,
dependencies, and potential risks when estimating task
durations.

• Critical Path Analysis: Identify the critical path—the

sequence of tasks that determine the shortest duration for
completing the project. Analyze the dependencies and
interrelationships between tasks to identify critical tasks that
could impact the overall project timeline. Focus on
optimizing the critical path to ensure timely completion of
the project.

• Buffer Management: Incorporate buffers or contingency

reserves into the project schedule to account for
uncertainties, delays, and unexpected events. Allocate
additional time for tasks that are prone to risks or
uncertainties to mitigate schedule slippage. Monitor and
manage buffers effectively to ensure that the project
remains on track.
FACT FINDING TECHNIQUES

• Fact-finding techniques are methods used to gather

information, requirements, and insights necessary for
understanding a problem or situation and making informed
decisions. In the context of developing a pet selling website,
fact-finding techniques can help identify user needs,
business requirements, technical constraints, and other
relevant factors. Here are some commonly used fact-finding
techniques:

• Task Analysis: Performing task analysis involves breaking

down complex processes or workflows into smaller, more
manageable tasks to understand how users accomplish
specific goals or tasks. Task analysis helps identify usability
issues, bottlenecks, and opportunities for streamlining
workflows and improving efficiency.

• Technical Feasibility Studies: Assessing the technical

feasibility of the project involves evaluating the capabilities
and limitations of available technologies, infrastructure, and
resources. Technical feasibility studies help determine
whether the proposed solution can be implemented
effectively within the organization's technical constraints
and requirements.

Feedback and Iteration: Incorporating feedback loops

throughout the fact-finding process allows for continuous
improvement and iteration based on stakeholder input and
insights gathered. Soliciting feedback at various stages of the
project helps validate assumptions, refine requirements, and
ensure alignment with stakeholder needs and expectations
PROJECT REQUIREMENT

• HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS :
Computer (desktop, laptop, or tablet)

Operating system (Windows, macOS, Linux)

Storage space

Input devices (keyboard, mouse/trackpad)

Display device (monitor or screen)

Internet connection

• SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

Text Editor or IDE

Web Browser
SYSTEM DESIGN
 SCREENS

1. Sign Up/ Login

2. Check flight
3. Book FLight
4. TRANSACTION

TESTING
 Test Plan :
1. Introduction:
 Purpose of the test plan.
 Overview of the flight booking website.
 Scope of testing.
2. Testing Objectives:
 List of objectives to be achieved through testing.
3. Testing Environment:
  Description of the testing environment including hardware,
software, and tools.
4. Testing Approach:
 Description of the testing methodologies and techniques to
be used.
5. Test Cases:
 Detailed test cases covering data validation, functional
validation, security testing, usability testing, etc.
6. Test Execution:
 Schedule for test execution.
 Assignment of responsibilities to testers.
 Execution of test cases and recording of results.
7. Defect Management:
 Process for reporting and tracking defects.
 Escalation procedures for critical issues.
8. Test Summary:
 Summary of test results.
 Recommendations for improvements or fixes.
9. Appendix:
 Additional information such as test data, test scripts, etc.

Data Validation Test Cases &

Results:

1. Test Case: Verify that all mandatory fields on the flight booking
form are validated.
 Test Data: Enter empty values for mandatory fields.
 Expected Result: Error messages should be displayed for
each empty field.

2. Test Case: Verify that email addresses entered for booking
confirmations are in the correct format.
 Test Data: Enter invalid email addresses (e.g., without "@"
symbol).
 Expected Result: An error message should be displayed
indicating an invalid email format.

3. Test Case: Verify that phone numbers entered for booking
confirmations are in the correct format.
 Test Data: Enter phone numbers with incorrect formats
(e.g., without area code).
 Expected Result: An error message should be displayed
indicating an invalid phone number format.

4. Test Case: Verify that departure dates are valid and not in the
past.
 Test Data: Enter past dates for departure.
 Expected Result: An error message should be displayed
indicating that the departure date cannot be in the past.

5. Test Case: Verify that return dates are later than departure
dates for round-trip bookings.
 Test Data: Enter return dates that are earlier than
departure dates.
 Expected Result: An error message should be displayed
indicating that the return date must be later than the
departure date.

Functional Validation Test Cases

& Results:

1. Test Case: Search for available flights between two valid

destinations.
 Test Data: Enter valid departure and destination cities,
along with valid departure and return dates.
  Expected Result: A list of available flights meeting the
search criteria should be displayed.

2. Test Case: Select a flight and proceed to booking.
 Test Data: Choose a flight from the search results and
proceed to the booking page.
 Expected Result: The booking page should display details
of the selected flight and prompt for passenger information.

3. Test Case: Enter valid passenger information and complete the

booking process.
 Test Data: Enter valid passenger names, email addresses,
and phone numbers.
 Expected Result: The booking should be confirmed, and a
confirmation email should be sent to the provided email
address.

4. Test Case: Verify that the booking confirmation email contains

the correct details.
 Test Data: Check the confirmation email received after
booking.
 Expected Result: The email should contain accurate
details of the booked flight and passenger information.

5. Test Case: Test the functionality to cancel a booking.

 Test Data: Attempt to cancel a booked flight.
 Expected Result: The cancellation process should be
successful, and the booking status should be updated
accordingly.

Limitations:
1. Coverage Limitations: Limited coverage of airlines, routes, or
destinations.

2. Data Accuracy: Potential discrepancies in flight information due

to outdated data.

3. Technical Issues: Risk of server downtime, slow response times,

or software bugs.
4. Security Concerns: Vulnerability to cyber threats despite
security measures.

5. Dependency on Third Parties: Reliance on third-party APIs for

critical functions.

Future Enhancements:

1. Expanded Coverage: Add more airlines, routes, and

destinations.

2. Real-Time Updates: Provide real-time flight status and pricing

updates.
3. Personalization: Offer personalized recommendations and
notifications.

4. Mobile App: Develop a mobile app for seamless booking.

5. Integration with Travel Services: Integrate with other travel

services.

6. Enhanced Security Measures: Implement advanced security

features.

7. Feedback Mechanism: Collect user feedback for continuous

improvement.

8. Social Integration: Allow users to share travel experiences on

social media.
THANK YOU