Marine Plywood - Specification: Indian Standard
Marine Plywood - Specification: Indian Standard
Indore(maveshaheen959@gmail.com) 49.43.1.249.
Indian Standard
ICS 79.060.10
 BIS 2024
FOREWORD
This Indian Standard (Third Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by
the Wood and Other Lignocellulosic Products Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil Engineering
Division Council.
Plywood used in construction, repair and maintenance of marine and river craft is required to withstand rigorous
conditions involving changes in temperature, humidity and alternate wetting and drying. In addition, they also
need to withstand attack by marine organisms. Plywood used for general purposes is found to be unsuitable for
such applications.
This standard on marine plywood was first published in 1957 and subsequently revised in 1976 and 2010. In this
revision, the following major modifications have been incorporated:
A scheme of labelling environment friendly products known as ECO-Mark has been instituted at the instance of
the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, Government of India. The ECO-Mark is administered
by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 2016 as per
the Resolution No. 71 dated 21 February 1991 and Resolution No. 425 dated 20 October 1992 published in the
Gazette of the Government of India. For a product to be eligible for ECO-Mark, it shall also carry the Standard
Mark (ISI Mark) of BIS besides meeting additional environment friendly requirements. For this purpose, the
Standard Mark of BIS would be a single mark being a combination of the ISI Mark and the ECO-Mark.
Requirements to be satisfied for a product to qualify for the BIS Standard Mark for Eco-friendliness, will be
optional. Manufacturing units will be free to opt for ISI Mark alone also.
The ECO criteria is based on the Gazette Notification No. 170 dated 16 May 1996 for wood substitutes as
environment friendly products published in the Gazette of Government of India, as revised/amended from time to
time.
This standard contributes to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 9 ‘Industry innovation and
infrastructure’ Build resilient infrastructure promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster
innovation.
The composition of the Committee responsible for the formulation of the standard is given in Annex E.
For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with the final value,
observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis shall be rounded off in accordance with
IS 2 : 2022 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (second revision)’. The number of significant places retained
in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
           Free Standard provided by BIS via BSB Edge Private Limited to Shaheen Mave -
                         Indore(maveshaheen959@gmail.com) 49.43.1.249.
                                                                                                    IS 710 : 2024
Indian Standard
                                                        1
            Free Standard provided by BIS via BSB Edge Private Limited to Shaheen Mave -
                          Indore(maveshaheen959@gmail.com) 49.43.1.249.
IS 710 : 2024
                                                           2
           Free Standard provided by BIS via BSB Edge Private Limited to Shaheen Mave -
                         Indore(maveshaheen959@gmail.com) 49.43.1.249.
                                                                                                       IS 710 : 2024
7 WORKMANSHIP AND FINISH                                        be less. The edge of the board shall be trimmed
                                                                square.
7.1 The face (top) and back (bottom) of the finished
boards shall be free from checks, splits, gaps                  8 SAMPLING              AND      CRITERIA      FOR
(subject to provisions given in 7.4), blisters,                 CONFORMITY
harmful discolouration, any kind of decay, pleats
and overlaps, insect holes, dead or loose knots and             The method of drawing representative samples and
live knots whose maximum dimensions in any                      the criteria for conformity shall be as prescribed in
direction exceed 25 mm. The plywood shall be                    IS 7638.
free from warp.
                                                                9  PHYSICAL                AND       MECHANICAL
7.2 Sound knots of diameter 25 mm and less shall be             REQUIREMENTS
permitted provided the centre-to-centre distance
between any two such knots is not less than 300 mm.             9.1 The plywood shall conform to the requirements
                                                                given in 9.3 to 9.11.
7.3 The face (top) shall be free from any patches,
but on the back (bottom), patches at distances of               9.2 Unless otherwise specified in this standard, six
not less than 600 mm apart shall be permissible.                test specimens, cut from each of the plywood
The maximum dimension of any one patch shall be                 selected as in 8 for tests specified in 9.3 to 9.9.
not more than 40 mm.                                            For formaldehyde content and steady-state
                                                                formaldehyde emission test, specimens shall be
7.4 Splits, gaps and open joints shall not be                   taken as per IS 13745 and IS/ISO 12460 (Part 1)
permitted in core. These may be permitted in face               respectively.
(top) provided the gap or opening does not exceed a
width of 0.5 mm. If exceeding 0.5 mm, this may be               9.3 Moisture Content
rectified by well fitted veneer inserts of a minimum
width of 5.0 mm provided the grain of the veneer                The moisture content of test pieces cut from each
does not exceed in deviation by more than                       board selected as under 9.2 shall not exceed
10 percent from the grain direction of the                      15 percent nor be less than 5 percent when
surrounding veneer.                                             determined by the method described in IS 1734
                                                                (Part 1).
7.5 The finish shall be reasonably smooth, and
sanding shall be given to both the sides if so required         9.4 Glue Adhesion in Dry State
by the purchaser.
                                                                9.4.1 Glue Shear Strength
7.6 The minimum width of the veneers used in face
(top) and back (bottom) of the boards shall be not              When tested for glue adhesion by the method
less than 75 mm except at the edges, where it may               described in IS 1734 (Part 4), the average failing
                                                           3
            Free Standard provided by BIS via BSB Edge Private Limited to Shaheen Mave -
                          Indore(maveshaheen959@gmail.com) 49.43.1.249.
IS 710 : 2024
load shall be not less than 1 350 N and no individual                        described in IS 1734 (Part 5) shall be considered as decisive.
                                                                             In case of even number of plies where the grains of central
value shall be less than 1 100 N.                                            plies follow the same direction the result as obtained from
                                                                             knife test shall be considered as final.
9.4.2 Adhesion of Plies
                                                                         9.5.2 The specimens shall be subjected to constant
The adhesion of plies shall be tested by forcibly                        steam pressure for a definite duration inside a
separating the layers. The veneers shall offer                           vacuum steam pressure test apparatus as described
appreciable resistance to separation and the                             in Annex D and thereafter subjected to tests as per
fractured samples shall show some adherent fibres                        9.5.1.1 and 9.5.1.2.
distributed more or less uniformly. Adhesion may
also be tested by knife test method described in                         9.6 Tensile Strength
IS 1734 (Part 5).
                                                                         The tensile strength when determined by the method
    NOTE — In case, a definite result is not obtainable by the
    method described in IS 1734 (Part 4), the result of knife test
                                                                         described in IS 1734 (Part 9) shall comply with the
    described in IS 1734 (Part 5) shall be considered as decisive.       following values:
    In case of even number of plies, where the grains of central
    plies follow the same direction then the result as obtained              a) Tensile strength shall be not less than
    from knife test shall be considered as final.
                                                                                36.0 N/mm2 in the direction parallel to grain
                                                                                direction of the face veneers;
9.5 Water Resistance Test
                                                                             b) Tensile strength shall be not less than
The specimens shall be subjected to any one of the                              29.0 N/mm2 in the direction of right angles
tests specified in 9.5.1 and 9.5.2. The test specimen                           to the grain direction of the face veneers;
for carrying out test as per 9.5.1.1, shall be as                               and
specified in IS 1734 (Part 5). Six test pieces each of
                                                                             c) Sum of the tensile strength in both directions
approximately 250 mm × 100 mm size, shall be cut
                                                                                shall be not less than 84.5 N/mm2.
from any position in the board such that the grain of
the face veneer is parallel to the length of the piece
                                                                         If the plywood contains scarf joints, half the
for carrying out test as per 9.5.1.2.
                                                                         specimen subjected to testing shall contain the joint.
9.5.1 The specimens shall be kept submerged in a
                                                                         9.7 Mycological Test
pan of boiling water for a period of 72 h. The
period of 72 h of boiling may be a continuous
                                                                         The test for resistance to micro-organism shall be
period or an aggregate of smaller periods of
                                                                         carried out by the method described in
boiling, if the test piece is left in cold water
                                                                         IS 1734 (Part 7). When tested, the test piece shall
between these smaller periods. These test pieces
                                                                         show no appreciable signs of separation at the edges
shall then be removed from the boiling water and
                                                                         of the veneers and shall comply with the
cooled down to room temperature by plunging
                                                                         requirements as specified in 9.5.
them in cold water. These test specimens, while
still in wet condition, shall be subjected to tests
                                                                         9.8 Static Bending Strength
described under 9.5.1.1 and 9.5.1.2.
                                                                         Three test specimens taken in each direction from
9.5.1.1 Glue shear strength
                                                                         the sample of plywood, when tested in accordance
                                                                         with IS 1734 (Part 11) shall have an average and a
When tested for glue shear strength by the method
                                                                         minimum individual value of modulus of elasticity
described in IS 1734 (Part 4), the average failing
                                                                         and modulus of rupture not less than the values
load shall be not less than 1 000 N and no individual
                                                                         specified in Table 2.
value shall be less than 800 N.
                                                                         9.9 Wet Bending Strength
9.5.1.2 Adhesion of plies
                                                                         Three test specimens taken in accordance with
The adhesion of plies shall be tested by forcibly
                                                                         IS 1734 (Part 11) and from each direction of a
separating the layers. The veneers shall offer
                                                                         sample of plywood, shall be subjected to cyclic test
appreciable resistance to separation and the
                                                                         for 3 cycles, each cycle consisting of 4 h boiling in
fractured sample shall show some adherent fibres
                                                                         water and 16 h drying in an oven at 65 °C ± 2 °C or
distributed more or less uniformly. Adhesion may
                                                                         of 72 h of boiling. The samples shall be then kept
also be tested by knife test method described in
                                                                         in water at 27 °C ± 2 °C for 1 h and thereafter
IS 1734 (Part 5).
                                                                         tested as per IS 1734 (Part 11). The duration of
    NOTE — In case a definite result is not obtainable by the
                                                                         boiling/drying in oven may be split into shorter
    method described in IS 1734 (Part 4), the result of knife test       intervals by keeping the samples at 27 °C ± 2 °C in
                                                                     4
            Free Standard provided by BIS via BSB Edge Private Limited to Shaheen Mave -
                          Indore(maveshaheen959@gmail.com) 49.43.1.249.
                                                                                                      IS 710 : 2024
water (in case of boiling) or in air (in case of drying).       9.11 Formaldehyde Content Test
The sample shall have an average and minimum
individual modulus of elasticity and modulus of                 Test of free formaldehyde content in the sample
rupture not less than the values specified in Table 3.          shall be done by perforator method as per IS 13745
                                                                and test results of drawn sample shall meet the
 Table 2 Minimum Values for MOE and MOR                         requirements of formaldehyde content as follows:
                     (Clause 9.8)
                                                                   a)   Formaldehyde      < 8 mg/100 g of oven dry
                                                                        Class, 𝐸1         sample; and
 Sl         Requirement             Along     Across
 No.                                 the        the                b)   Formaldehyde      > 8 mg/100 g of oven dry
                                    Face       Face                     Class, 𝐸2         sample and < 30 mg/100 g
                                    Grain     Grain                                       of oven dry sample.
 (1)            (2)                  (3)        (4)
  i)    Modulus of Elasticity                                   9.12 Steady-State Formaldehyde Emission Test
        (MOE), N/mm2:                                           (Optional Test)
             a) Average;            6 400      4 600            Manufacturer will offer a stack of plywood made
                and
                                                                under a batch (not less than 50 pieces) bearing the
             b) Minimum             5 700      4 100
                                                                batch number and date of manufacture, along with
                individual
                                                                details of plywood that is grade, size and thickness,
  ii)   Modulus of Rupture                                      adhesive used and any other (the manufacture wish
        (MOR), N/mm2:                                           to inform). After sampling, the sample shall be
             a)   Average;                                      immediately covered in airtight polythene with date
                                      43         35
                  and                                           of sampling on the plywood.
             b) Minimum               38         31             Sample must be taken for test within 24 h of opening
                individual                                      the airtight cover and within one month from the
                                                                date of sampling and test shall be done by the test
 Table 3 Minimum Values for MOE and MOR                         method as given in IS/ISO 12460 (Part 1). The test
           (Wet Bending Strength)                               results of drawn sample shall meet the requirements
                     (Clause 9.9)                               of formaldehyde emission value as follows:
                                                            5
            Free Standard provided by BIS via BSB Edge Private Limited to Shaheen Mave -
                          Indore(maveshaheen959@gmail.com) 49.43.1.249.
IS 710 : 2024
                                                                 6
          Free Standard provided by BIS via BSB Edge Private Limited to Shaheen Mave -
                        Indore(maveshaheen959@gmail.com) 49.43.1.249.
                                                                                                      IS 710 : 2024
ANNEX A
(Clause 2)
                                                          7
              Free Standard provided by BIS via BSB Edge Private Limited to Shaheen Mave -
                            Indore(maveshaheen959@gmail.com) 49.43.1.249.
IS 710 : 2024
                                                    ANNEX B
                                                  (Clause 4.1.1)
             LIST OF PREVALENT TREE OUTSIDE FOREST (TOF) SPECIES FOR PLYWOOD
                                                    ANNEX C
                                                   (Clause 6.3)
                  METHOD OF TEST FOR EDGE STRAIGHTNESS AND SQUARENESS
C-1 PROCEDURE FOR EDGE STRAIGHTNESS be measured to the nearest milimetre and recorded.
The straightness of the edges and ends of plywood            C-2 PROCEDURE FOR SQUARENESS
shall be verified against a straightedge not less than
the full length of the plywood. If the edge on the           The squareness of plywood shall be checked with a
end of plywood is convex, it shall be held against           1 200 mm × 1 200 mm square, by applying, one
the straightedge in such a way also give                     arm of the square to the plywood. The maximum
approximately equal gap at each end. The largest             width of the gap shall be recorded.
gap between the straightedge and the edges shall
                                                         8
           Free Standard provided by BIS via BSB Edge Private Limited to Shaheen Mave -
                         Indore(maveshaheen959@gmail.com) 49.43.1.249.
                                                                                                 IS 710 : 2024
                                                 ANNEX D
                                               (Clause 9.5.2)
                      ALTERNATE METHOD FOR WATER RESISTANCE TEST
D-1 Pure water shall be filled in boiler of the           chamber, the vacuum pumpshall be switched off, the
vacuum steam pressure test (VPT) apparatus as             vacuum inlet valve closed and boiler valve
shown in Fig. 1 to the marking of minimum water           connected to main chamber opened. The time shall
level on glass water level indicator and the boiler       be noted the moment the steam pressure in the
shall be switched on with the valve connecting the         main chamber reaches 220+10 kPa and same
boiler and main chamber in closed condition. The                                         −0
                                                          pressure shall be maintained for 6 h. The system
test specimen(s) shall be placed in the working
(main) chamber and shall be closed air tight with         and boiler then shall be switched off. The steam
cover. The vacuum pump shall then be switched             release valve and vacuum release value shall slowly
on and vacuum inlet valve shall be kept in open           be opened until the steam in the chamber is
condition. The steam release valve shall be kept in       completely evacuated. The samples shall then be
closed condition. After the required vacuum of            kept in water for 1 h at 27 °C ± 2 °C. The samples
110
    +10
          kPa has been created inside the main            shall thereafter be tested as per 9.5.1.1 and 9.5.1.2.
     −0
                                                      9
          Free Standard provided by BIS via BSB Edge Private Limited to Shaheen Mave -
                        Indore(maveshaheen959@gmail.com) 49.43.1.249.
IS 710 : 2024
                                                  ANNEX E
                                                  (Foreword)
                                      COMMITTEE COMPOSITION
                  Wood and Other Lignocellulosic Products Sectional Committee, CED 20
Organization Representative(s)
                                                     10
          Free Standard provided by BIS via BSB Edge Private Limited to Shaheen Mave -
                        Indore(maveshaheen959@gmail.com) 49.43.1.249.
                                                                                                  IS 710 : 2024
Organization Representative(s)
                                                Member Secretary
                                         SHRI PRADEEP SINGH SHEKHAWAT
                                          SCIENTIST ‘D’/JOINT DIRECTOR
                                            (CIVIL ENGINEERING), BIS
Organization Representative(s)
                                                      11
          Free Standard provided by BIS via BSB Edge Private Limited to Shaheen Mave -
                        Indore(maveshaheen959@gmail.com) 49.43.1.249.
IS 710 : 2024
Organization Representative(s)
     In Personal Capacity (House No. 12, HIG, 1st Stage,   SHRI S. S. ZOOLAGUD
         K.H.B.    Colony,    Basaveswara       Nagar,
         Bangaluru)
                                                     12
Free Standard provided by BIS via BSB Edge Private Limited to Shaheen Mave -
              Indore(maveshaheen959@gmail.com) 49.43.1.249.
            Free Standard provided by BIS via BSB Edge Private Limited to Shaheen Mave -
                          Indore(maveshaheen959@gmail.com) 49.43.1.249.
BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 2016 to promote harmonious
development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods and attending to
connected matters in the country.
Copyright
BIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in any form without
the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the
standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations. Enquiries relating to
copyright be addressed to the Head (Publication & Sales), BIS.
Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed
periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are
needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards
should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the website-
www.bis.gov.in or www.standardsbis.in
This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc No.: CED 20 (22828).