CAUSES- EFFECT-SOLUTION

1.cause- problem
2. problem- solution
3.causes – solutions
Nhận biết dạng bài
Dạng bài Causes & Solutions thường có các câu hỏi mẫu như sau:
 What are the causes of this problem? What can be done to solve it?
 Why does this happen? What measures can be taken to address this issue?
 Đề bài: Nowadays many adults have full-time jobs and the proportion of their lives spent on
work is very high. Some of them are under high stress and ignore the other parts of life. What
are causes and effects?
 Đề bài: Nowadays many people complain that they have difficulties getting enough sleep.
What problems can lack of sleep cause? What can be done about lack of sleep? Give reasons
for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
 Đề bài: Overpopulation in many major urban centers around the world is a major problem.
What are the causes of this? How can this problem be solved?

Cấu trúc bài viết

1. Introduction:
o Giới thiệu vấn đề.
o Paraphrase lại đề bài.
o Nêu rõ ý chính của bài viết (nguyên nhân và giải pháp).
2. Body Paragraph 1:
o Trình bày nguyên nhân thứ nhất.
o Đưa ra ví dụ minh họa cụ thể.
o Trình bày nguyên nhân thứ hai (nếu có).
o Đưa ra ví dụ minh họa cụ thể.
3. Body Paragraph 2:
o Đề xuất giải pháp thứ nhất.
o Giải thích tại sao giải pháp này khả thi.
o Đưa ra ví dụ minh họa cụ thể.
o Đề xuất giải pháp thứ hai (nếu có).
o Giải thích tại sao giải pháp này khả thi.
o Đưa ra ví dụ minh họa cụ thể.
4. Conclusion:
o Tóm tắt lại các nguyên nhân và giải pháp đã nêu.
o Nhấn mạnh tầm quan trọng của việc giải quyết vấn đề.

TEMPLATE FOR IELTS WRITING CAUSES/EFFECTS/ SOLUTIONS.

1. TEMPLATE FOR REASONS- SOLUTIONS

Mở bài: It is true that/ It is obvious that….. There are a number of reasons/ various reasons behind
this phenomenon/ situation/ tendency/ trend/ view / This leading tendency is caused by several
factors and several solutions should be adopted ( by governments and individuals) to/ in
order to improve/ enhance/ develop the situation./
-………………….. this essay will discuss the main causes/ problems associated with this epidemic and
propose some possible solutions to avoid them
-……………………….This issue will be discussed in this essay along with some possible solution that may be
implemented to alleviate the problem.
- ……………………… it has been universally acknowledged that the problem of…… is escalating at an
alarming rate in current scenario. This problem has been a depressing magnitude. Although a plethora of
reason are there yet some sensible solutions are also available to curb this great concern
Thân bài:
para 1: There are two primary/ principal/ major causes why the ……..

 The main problem caused by…….is

 A major cause of……… is
para 2: Fortunately, several measures/ solutions could be taken to prevent/ avoid/ deal with / face with/
cope with/ reduce/ elimate this problem/ issue.

 the first solution would be…..

 the second measure would be
Thân bài:

In conclusion, it is clear that / it seems to be that/ there are various reasons for….., and steps need to be
taken to tackle/ deal with this prolem/ phenomenon.

1. TEMPLATE FOR PROBLEMS- SOLUTIONS

Mở bài:

It is true that….. There are a number of problems/ Several problems have resulted from this tendency
and they should be tackled by a number of effective solutions from……..
It is obvious that ……. My essay will elaborate on causes and solutions to this trend.

para 1:

As….. several related problems can be anticipated/ There are several reasons for ….

 the main/ principal/ major issue is that……..

 another problem is that…..
para 2:

Since such issues/ problems are serious, both the government and individuals / the government as well
as individuals should take steps immediately to address/ solve/ deal with/ tackle these problems/
Solutions are various.
 The first solution would be…./ One step forward is to….
 A second measure would be/ Another solution/ measure probably is ….
Kết bài:

In conclusion, there are various negative consequences of / adverse consequences of ….. and
appropriate steps need to be taken to / in order to tackle/ address these problems, not only by the
government but also by individuals.

Essay Writing Template for Problem Causes and Solutions type of Question
Introduction
It has been universally accepted that problem of ____________ is escalating at an alarming rate. The
problem is bringing a state of depression among the masses and in economy too. There are plethora of
reasons of the same and its possible solutions can be suggested too which are discussed as follows.
Body paragraph 1
In regards to the problem, the major reason which can be stated is_______________. In support to this
reason, a fact known is________. Another problematic cause is___________. For instance, __________.
Body paragraph 2
Seeing the problem with a brighter mind, many of solutions can be helpful to curb this menace. One if
the solution is_______________. Secondly,_____________. Lastly,____________
Conclusion
To conclude, solving a global issue is not easy but with the joint efforts of the people, a control can be
taken over the problem with the aforementioned suggested measures. I believe that everyone should
come forward to mitigate this problem.

III. TEMPLATE FOR CAUSES- EFFECTS

Mở bài:
No one can deny the fact that/ It is undoubted that …………. However, many people today have the
tendency of……………….. This essay will examine the causes as well as the problems related to this
tendency/ practice.

Thân bài 1 ( question 1) Liệt kê, trích dẫn các lý do.

There are a number of reasons for this trend. To begin with,………………… Therefore,…………………… Another
contributing factor to mention is that………….For instance/ example………………….

Thân bài 2 ( question 2) Chuyển từ phân tích các lý do sang phân tích hậu quả.
Unluckily/ Unsurprisingly, there are some serious/ significant problems should be concerned. The first
and most important is that…………….. For example,…………..Another problem no less important is
that…………………….. …

Kết luận
In conclusion/ From what has been discussed,………. It is advised that……………….
A cause of/ a reason Một lý do/ nguyên nhân Obesity is a cause of / a
for cho reason for premature
death.
Affects/ influences Ảnh hưởng Media coverage effects/
influences voting patterns.
Leads to/ gives rise Dẫn tới / mang lại Media coverage leads to/
to/ brings about gives rise to/ brings
about changes in voting
patterns.
To be affected/ Bị ảnh hưởng bởi Voting patterns are
influenced by affected/ are influenced
by media coverage.
Cause(s)/ Gây ra Stress causes/ produces/
produce(s)/ result(s) results in low exam
scores.
To be caused by/ Được gây ra bởi Low exam scores are
produced by/ result caused by/ are produced
from by/ result from stress.
To be a consequence Là nguyên nhân từ/ bởi Low exam scores are a
of/ to be a result of/ consequence of/ are a
to be due to/ the result of/ are due to/ the
effect of effect of stress.
When/ if Khi/ nếu When/ If there is constant
economic instability,
currency crashes occur.

As a result of/ as a Là kết quả của As a result of/ as a

consequence of consequence of constant
economic instability,
currency crashes occur.
As a result,/ As a Kết quả là, do đó, do This is constant economic
consequence,/ vậy instablility. As a result,/
Consequently,/ As a consequence,/
Thus,/ Therefore,/ Consequently,/ Thus,/
Hence,/ For this Therefore,/ Hence,/ For
reason, this reason, currency
crashes occur.
Because/ Since/ As Bởi vì Because/ Since/ As some
areas faces extreme
weather conditions, there is
damaning to property.
Owing to/ On Bởi vì Owing to/ On account of/
account of/ Because Because of/ Due to the
Từ vựng Cause- Effect Essay ( Cause- Effect Specific
Vocabulary)

Ví dụ: Childhood obesity is becoming a serious problem in many countries. Explain the main causes
and effects of this problem, and suggest some possible solutions.
Causes
 To be genetic factors
 Lack of physical activity.
 Unhealthy eating patterns/ habits: eating fast food/ drinking high-calorie beverages…)
 Many children spend a lot of time being active: watching television/ playing computers and
video games.
Effects
 Physical health problems : high cholesterol, high blood pressure, early heart disease, diabetes,
….
 Loss of productivity
 Depression and mental disorders.
Solutions
 Parents/ schools/ government are responsibility to…
 Provide children healthy food/ control what they eat/ limite junk food advertising,…
 Limit the time they spend playing computers and video games/ encourage them to take
regular exercise.

Đề bài: Increasing levels of pollution in urban areas is a growing concern for many cities around the
world. What are the causes of this problem? What can be done to tackle it?
Bài viết mẫu:
Urban pollution is becoming an alarming issue in many cities worldwide. This essay will discuss the
primary causes of this problem and propose some effective solutions to address it.
One of the main causes of urban pollution is the overuse of private vehicles. The increasing number of
cars on the road leads to higher emissions of harmful gases, which contribute significantly to air
pollution. For example, in cities like Beijing and Delhi, the air quality often reaches hazardous levels due
to vehicle emissions. Another contributing factor is industrial activity. Factories and manufacturing
plants release a large amount of pollutants into the air and water. In many developing cities, the lack of
strict regulations allows industries to operate without proper environmental controls, exacerbating the
pollution problem.
To tackle the issue of urban pollution, several measures can be implemented. Firstly, governments
should invest in public transportation systems to reduce the reliance on private vehicles. By providing
efficient and affordable public transport options, cities can decrease the number of cars on the road,
thus reducing emissions. For instance, cities like Tokyo and Singapore have successful public
transportation networks that have significantly lowered pollution levels. Secondly, stricter regulations on
industrial emissions must be enforced. Governments should impose heavy fines on industries that
violate environmental standards and encourage the adoption of cleaner technologies. This approach has
been effective in countries like Germany, where stringent regulations have led to a noticeable
improvement in air and water quality.
In conclusion, the increasing pollution levels in urban areas are mainly caused by excessive use of private
vehicles and industrial activities. However, by improving public transportation and enforcing stricter
regulations on industries, these problems can be mitigated. It is crucial for governments and individuals
to take collective action to ensure a healthier environment for future generations.