BLOOD RELATION

1.

 Blood Relation

INTRODUCTION
Blood relation or blood relative is related to you by birth.
Is wife considered a blood relation?
So, while speaking of blood relation, it means the connection between two
people by blood or basically by birth. In addition to this, two people or two
families get connected by marriage, hence the relations which are created
by marriage are also considered as blood relations.
Now, assume and understand the typical relationships which are used in
the questions of Blood Relation.

Mother’s or Father’s son Myself/Brother

Mother’s or Father’s daughter Myself/Sister

Mother’s or Father’s brother Uncle

Mother’s or Father’s sister Aunt

Mother’s or Father’s father Grandfather

Mother’s or Father’s mother Grandmother

Son’s wife Daughter-in-law

Daughter’s husband Son-in-law

Husband’s or Wife’s brother Brother-in-law

Husband’s or Wife’s sister Sister-in-law

Brother’s son Nephew

Brother’s daughter Niece

Uncle or Aunt’s son or daughter Cousin

Sister’s husband Brother-in-law

Brother’s wife Sister-in-law

Grandson’s or Granddaughter’s daughter Great-grand daughter

Blood Relation

Grandson’s or Granddaughter’s son Great-grand son

2.
 Paternal: Relations from the side of the father are paternal
For example: Paternal grandfather (Dada)
Paternal grandmother (Dadi)
Paternal Uncle (Chacha)
Paternal Aunt (Chachi)

Maternal: Relations from the side of the mother are maternal

For example: Maternal grandfather (Nana)
Maternal grandmother (Nani)
Maternal Uncle (Mama)
Maternal Aunt (Mami, Bua)

To understand in a better way, let’s draw a common three-generation

family tree.

0BSERVATIONS FROM THE FAMILY TREE

1. Shyam is the father of Sachin, Ashi and Varun.

2. Anita is the mother of Sachin, Ashi and Varun. Key Note
3. Shyam is the paternal grandfather of Suppy and
No one can assume the gender of
Rudra.
the person based on the name.
4. A
 nita is the paternal grandmother of Suppy and If the statement says M is the
Rudra. brother of N, the gender of N cannot
Blood Relation

5. Arun is the father of Vinita and Raghu. be determined unless mentioned in

6. Arjita is the mother of Vinita and Raghu. the questions.

3.
 7. Arun is the maternal grandfather of Suppy and
Rudra.
8. Arjita is the maternal grandmother of Suppy and CAT Mantra
Rudra.
The following symbols help in
9. Arun is the father-in-law of Varun. drawing a family tree.
10. Arjita is the mother-in-law of Varun. 1. + → All the male members of
11. Shyam is the father-in-law of Vinita. the family are represented by a
symbol ‘+’.
12. Anita is the mother-in-law of Vinita.
2. – → All the female members of
13. Varun and Vinita are a married couple/spouse.
the family are represented by a
14. Sachin is the brother of Varun and the brother- symbol ‘–’.
in-law of Vinita. 3. ⇔ → The spouse/married couple
15. Ashi is the sister of Varun and the Sister-in-law is represented by the two ends
of Vinita. of a double-headed arrow.
16. Vinita is the sister-in-law of Sachin and Ashi. 4. ↔ → Same generation:
17. V
inita and Raghu are sister and brother brother-brother or
respectively. sister-sister or
sister-brother.
18. R
 aghu is the brother-in-law of Varun and vice-
versa. 5. ↓ → for generation gap:

19. Suppy is the daughter and Rudra is the son of father – son or
Varun and Vinita. mother – son or
father – daughter or
20. Suppy is the niece of Sachin, Ashi and Raghu.
mother – daughter.
21. Rudra is the nephew of Sachin, Ashi and Raghu.

Below refers the list of various generations of a family tree diagram.

First Generation: Grandfather (Paternal/Maternal) and grandmother

(Paternal/Maternal).

Second Generation: Father, Mother, Uncle (Paternal/Maternal),

Aunt (Paternal/Maternal).

Third Generation: 
Self, Spouse, Brother, Sister, Brother-in-law,
Sister-in-law.
Blood Relation

Fourth Generation: 
Son, Daughter, Nephew, Niece.

4.
 Previous Year Questions

I. P, Q, R, S, T and U are the six members of a family

II. There is one Doctor, one Advocate, one Engineer, one Teacher, one
Student and one Housewife among them.
III. There are two married couples in the family.
IV. U, who is an Advocate, is the father of P.
V. Q is a Teacher and is the mother of R.
VI. S is the grandmother of R and is a Housewife.
VII. T is the father of U and is a Doctor.
VIII. R is the brother of P.

1. Which of the following statements is definitely true?

(1) U is the father of the Engineer
(2) P is the Engineer
(3) T is the father of the Teacher
(4) R is the brother of the Student

2. How many female members are there in the family?

(1) Three only (2) Two or three
(3) Two only (4) Three or four

TYPES OF QUESTION-BASED ON BLOOD RELATION

y Dialogue/Conversation Based
y Based on Puzzles
y Coding-Decoding Based

Dialogue/Conversation Based

If the question asks about single person blood relation, then follow the
following steps for solving the question.
Step 1: Simplify the given blood relations as much as possible for example
father’s Son would be me or my brother etc.
Blood Relation

Step 2: Break the given sentence at ‘is/as/was’ to reach the answer quickly.
Step 3: Check the answer by going backward in the given sentence.

5.
 Illustration 1:

Q1 Pointing to a photograph of a person Mr. Abhishek said “He is the

son of the only son of my mother.” How is Mr. Abhishek related
to that person?
(1) Uncle (2) Father
(3) Son (4) Brother

Sol. 1 (2)

Explanation :

Here, my mother means Mr. Abhishek’s mother

Now, the statement is,
The person in the photograph is the son of the only son of Mr. Abhishek’s
mother.

Here, the only son of Mr. Abhishek’s mother means Mr. Abhishek is the only
son of her mother.
So, Abhishek is the father of the person in the Photograph.

Q2 Pointing to a photograph, a person tells Rohini, “I am the only

son of the lady and her daughter is your paternal aunt”. How is
the speaker related to Rohini’s mother?
(1) Son (2) Uncle
Blood Relation

(3) Father (4) Husband

6.
Sol. 2 (4)

Explanation :

Now, ‘the only son of the lady’ – refers the speaker’s mother.

Key Note

The gender of Rohini cannot be

determined here.
      

Speaker’s mother’s daughter = Speaker’s sister = Rohini’s Aunt = Speaker

is Rohini’s father

So, the speaker or person is related to Rohini’s

Previous Year Question
mother as Husband.
Read the following information
and answer the question given
below it:
‘A + B’ means ‘A is the daughter of B’;
‘A × B’ means ‘A is the son of B’;
‘A – B’ means ‘A is the wife of B’;
If P × Q – S, which of the following
Rack your Brain is true?
(1) S is the wife of Q
Pointing towards a person, a man
said to a woman. “His mother is the (2) S is the father of P
Blood Relation

only daughter of your father.” How is (3) P is the daughter of Q

the woman related to that person? (4) None of these

7.
 Q3 Pointing to a photograph, Nishi says to Suppy, “The girl in the
photo is the second daughter of the wife of the only son of
the grandmother of my younger sister.” How is the girl in the
photograph related to Nishi?
(1) Sister (2) Aunt
(3) Mother (4) Sister-in-law

Sol. 3 (1)

Explanation :

From the line, ‘Grandmother of my younger sister’ means Grandmother of

Nishi.

From the line, ‘Wife of the only son of grandmother’ means mother of Nishi.
Blood Relation

From the line, ‘the second daughter of the mother’, means the younger sister
of Nishi.
So, the girl in the photo is the younger sister of Nishi.

8.
 Based on Puzzles

To increase the complexity of questions, blood relation questions are also

being asked in the form of a puzzle. A piece of brief information about
multiple people being interested is given and sub-questions based on the
same way can be asked.

Approach: Rack your Brain

One should make use of the family tree Antriksh, introducing a girl in a party
using symbols notation to solve this type of said, ‘she is the wife of the grandson
question. Every statement in the puzzle defines of my mother & my mother has only
a relationship between two or more family one son’. How is Antriksh related to
members. the girl?

Illustration 2:

In a family, there are three generations of six members M, N, O, P, Q and R.

There are only two married couples in the family. O is the husband of R and
has only two children, one girl and one boy. M is P’s uncle.

Q If N is the son-in-law of R. How is Q related to M?

(1) Son (2) Brother
(3) Sister (4) Daughter

Sol. (3)

Explanation :

Here, it is given that

y O is the husband of R and has only two children, one is a boy and one is a
girl.
Blood Relation

9.
 y If N is the son-in-law of R.
There are only two married couples in the family.
Hence, accommodate N in the above diagram.

Previous Year Question

Vikas was showing a photograph

to his friend and pointed to a boy
and told the following statement
“His name is Atul and his maternal
y M is P’s uncle and the family has three generations. grandfather’s brother is my
maternal grandfather’s sister’s
Hence, M is the son of O and R
son.” How is Atul related to Vikas?
and P is the child of N.
(1) They are brothers
Now, only Q remains.
Consequently, Q can only be the wife of N. (2) Vikas is the uncle of Atul

Hence, the family tree is, (3) They are distant cousins
(4) None of the above

Hence, Q is the sister of M.

Illustration 3:

In a family, there are only two married couples. Kamal is the father of
Swapnil and Reet is the mother of Kamal. Silk is the sister of Tashi whose
daughter is Bimla. Arjun, the husband of Reet is the paternal grandfather
of Bimla. Bhanu is the father of Silk and the brother of Harpreet. Arjun has
Blood Relation

only two children, both of opposite gender.

10.
 Q1 Who among the following is the son of Tashi?
(1) Bhanu (2) Swapnil
(3) Arjun (4) Cannot be determined

Sol. (4)

Explanation :

y From the line, ‘Kamal is the father of Swapnil and Reet is the mother of
Kamal’.
The following diagram will be,

Previous Year Question

Read the following information to

answer these questions.
In a family, there are 10 members,
G and N are a married couple while
K is the husband of X. In this family,
there are four housewives and
y From the line, ‘Arjun, the husband of Reet is the
four working husbands while other
paternal grandfather of Bimla’.
members are non - working. The
The following diagram will be, husband in the last generation is a
doctor and the husband of S is a
teacher. L is a married woman but
her husband is not P. Q and K are
associated with the profession of
engineer and accountant but K is
not an accountant. P is the brother
of T and both have a sister O. N
is the daughter of L and X is the
mother of P.
y From the line, ‘Silk is the sister of Tashi whose The family consists of how many
daughter is Bimla and Arjun has only two children, generations?
both of opposite gender.’
(1) 6 (2) 1
Blood Relation

So, Tashi is the wife of Kamal.

(3) 4 (4) 2

11.
 The following diagram will be,

y From the line, ‘Bhanu is the father of Silk and brother of Harpreet’.
The following diagram will be,

Rack your Brain

If P + Q means P is the brother of Q

P – Q means P is the sister of Q
Here, the gender of Swapnil cannot be determined.
P × Q means P is the father of Q.

Which of the following means that

C is the son of M?
(1) M – N × C + F
(2) F – C + N × M
Blood Relation

(3) N + M – F × C
(4) M × N – C + F

12.
 Q2 If Anu is the sister of Kamal. Then how is Anu related to Tashi?
(1) Daughter (2) Sister-in-law
(3) Mother (4) Mother-in-law

Sol. (2)

Explanation :

y From the line, ‘Kamal is the father of Swapnil and Reet is the mother of
Kamal’.
The following diagram will be,

y From the line, ‘Arjun, the husband of Reet is the Previous Year Question
paternal grandfather of Bimla’.
There was a party organized and
The following diagram will be,
the following members attended
the party: Sheela, Amruta, Rohit,
Rahul, Ajey, Ranveer and Gauri.
Sheela is the mother-in-law of
Amruta, who is the sister-in-law of
Rohit. Rahul is the father of Ajey. Ajey
is the brother of Rohit. Ranveer is the
only brother of Rahul and the father-
in-law of Gauri. Gauri was married
to Rohit. How is Sheela related to
y From the line, ‘Silk is the sister of Tashi whose Ranveer?
daughter is Bimla and Arjun has only two children, (1) Cousin
both of opposite gender.’ (2) Mother
Blood Relation

So, Tashi is the wife of Kamal. (3) Sister

(4) None of the above

13.
 The follows diagram will be,

y From the line, ‘Bhanu is the father of Silk and brother of Harpreet’.
The following diagram will be,

Here, Anu is the Sister-in-law of Tashi and vice versa.

Hence, Q is the sister of M.
Blood Relation

14.
 Q3 How is Swapnil related to Silk?
(1) Nephew (2) Niece
(3) Both (1) and (2) (4) Daughter

Sol. (3)

Explanation :

y From the line, ‘Kamal is the father of Swapnil and Reet is the mother of
Kamal’.
The following diagram will be,

Previous Year Question

Read the following information to

answer these questions.
There is a group of six persons A,
y From the line, ‘Arjun, the husband of Reet is the B, C, D, E and F from a family. They
paternal grandfather of Bimla’. are Psychologist, Manager, Lawyer,
The following diagram will be, Jeweller, Doctor, and Engineer.
I. The doctor is the grandfather of
F who is a Psychologist.
II. Manager D is married to A.
III. C, the Jeweller is married to the
Lawyer.
IV. B is the mother of F and E.
V. There are two married couples
in the family.

What is the profession of E?

y From the line, ‘Silk is the sister of Tashi whose
daughter is Bimla and Arjun has only two children, (1) Doctor
both are of opposite gender.’ (2) Lawyer
Blood Relation

So, Tashi is the wife of Kamal. (3) Engineer

(4) Cannot be determined

15.
 The following diagram will be,

y From the line, ‘Bhanu is the father of Silk and brother of Harpreet’.
The following diagram will be,

Rack your Brain

If P $ Q means P is the father of Q

P # Q means P is the mother of Q
Here, gender of Swapnil cannot be determined.
So, Swapnil either be the nephew or P * Q means P is the sister of Q.
the niece of Silk. Then N # L $ P * Q shows which of
the relation of Q to N?
(1) Grandson
(2) Granddaughter
Blood Relation

(3) Nephew
(4) Data Inadequate

16.
 Q4 Who among the following is the father-in-law of Tashi?
(1) Arjun (2) Kamal
(3) Bhanu (4) Harpreet

Sol. (1)

Explanation :

y From the line, ‘Kamal is the father of Swapnil and Reet is the mother of
Kamal’.
The following diagram will be,

y From the line, ‘Arjun, the husband of Reet is the

Previous Year Question
paternal grandfather of Bimla’.
The following diagram will be, Nalini, her brother, her daughter
and her son are tennis players
and are playing a game of doubles.
Their positions on the court are as
follows: Nalini’s brother is directly
across the net from her daughter.
Her son is diagonally across the
net from the worst player’s sibling.
The best player and the worst
player are on the same side of the
net. Who is the best player?
y From the line, ‘Silk is the sister of Tashi whose
(1) Nalini
daughter is Bimla and Arjun has only two children,
both are of opposite gender.’ (2) Nalini’s brother
Blood Relation

So, Tashi is the wife of Kamal. (3) Nalini’s daughter

(4) None of these

17.
 The following diagram will be,

y From the line, ‘Bhanu is the father of Silk and the brother of Harpreet’.
The following diagram will be,

Here, Arjun is the father-in-law of Tashi.

Blood Relation

18.
 Coding-Decoding Based

Coding–Decoding is based on the relationship among the members of the

family which are represented by certain specific codes or symbols like @, #,
!, +, &, $ etc. The answers are obtained by decoding the relationship hidden
in the symbols

Illustration 4:

Q1 Read the following information carefully and answer the

question given below:
If A @ B means A is the father of B
If A # B means A is the wife of B
If A $ B means A is the daughter of B
If A * B means A is the son of B
How is M related to Q in the expression ‘M $ N @ O * P $ Q’?
(1) Niece (2) Grand-daughter
(3) Daughter-in-law (4) Daughter

Sol. 1 (2)

Explanation :

Family tree will be:

Rack your Brain

X is the husband of Y. W is the

daughter of X.
Z is the husband of W. N is
Blood Relation

the daughter of Z, what is the

Here, M is the grand daughter of Q. relationship between N and Y?

19.
 Q2 Study the following information carefully and answer the
question given below:
‘M+N’ means ‘M is the sister of N’
‘M@N’ means ‘M is the brother of N’
‘M$N’ means ‘M is the daughter of N’
‘M%N’ means ‘M is the mother of N’
‘M#N’ means ‘M is the husband of N’
What should come in the place of the question mark (?), to
establish that ‘C is the child of E’ in the following expression?
D%E#F%M+P?C
(1) Only ‘+’
(2) Either ‘@’ or ‘$’
(3) Either ‘+’ or ‘@’
(4) Only ‘$’

Sol. 3 (3)

Explanation :

Family tree will be:

Here, it is clear from the family tree that for C’s being a child of E, it must
be a sibling of M or P and for that either the sign of ‘+’ or ‘@’ will satisfy the
condition.
Blood Relation

20.
 Q3 Read the following information carefully and answer the
question given below:
If A @ B means A is the father of B
If A # B means A is the wife of B
If A $ B means A is the daughter of B
If A * B means A is the son of B
Which of the following relations are true based upon the
relations given in the question:
‘A * B @ C # D * E’
(1) D is the brother of A
(2) E is the mother-in-law of C
(3) C is the mother of A
(4) None is true

Sol. 2 (4)

Explanation :

Family tree will be:

Here, there is no option to satisfy the relationship.

Blood Relation

21.
 Practice Exercise

EASY

1. P
 ointing to a photograph of a man, Aman said he is the son of the only child
of my mother. How is Aman related to that man?
(1) Brother
(2) Uncle
(3) Cousin
(4) Father

Directions for questions (2-3):

A is the father of P and Q. R is the mother of S, N is the son of P. N is the
only brother of S. R is the daughter-in-law of M. M has only one daughter
and one son.

2. 
How is S related to A?
(1) Daughter
(2) Grandson
(3) Granddaughter
(4) Either (2) or (3)

3. 
How is M related to Q?
(1) Mother
(2) Sister
(3) Sister-in-law
(4) Father

Directions for questions (4):

In the following question, the symbols !, @, #, $ and % are used with
different meaning as follows:
‘A ! B’ means A is the mother of B
‘A @ B’ means A is the father of B
‘A # B’ means A is the sister of B
‘A % B’ means A is the wife of B
‘A $ B’ means A is the brother of B
Practice Exercise

In the following question, assuming that the statements above are true no
matter what you can find, which of the two conclusions I and II, given below
them is/are definitely true? Conclusion I and II will follow each question.

22.
 (1) If only conclusion I is true
(2) If only conclusion II is true
(3) If either conclusion I or II is true
(4) If neither conclusion I nor II is true

4. 
M#P@Q$N%S
I. P @ N
II. M # S

5. 
If ‘M × J’ means M is the sister of J.
‘M + J’ means M is the father of J.
‘M – J’ means M is the mother of J.
Which of the following means R is the aunt of P?
(1) P × Q + R
(2) R + P × Q
(3) R × Q + P
(4) R × Q + S – P

MODERATE
Directions for questions (6-10):
P is the mother of L, who is the spouse of D. R is the daughter of D, who is
the only brother of C. E is the son of P, who is married to H. A is the niece
of C, who has no sister. T is the father of D and has no daughter. V is the
sister-in-law of L and E is unmarried. P has only two children. R is the
granddaughter of O.

6. 
How is P related to D?
(1) Mother-in-law
(2) Father-in-law
(3) Father
(4) Brother

7. 
Who among the following is the husband of O?
(1) H
Practice Exercise

(2) C
(3) T
(4) R

23.
 8. 
If M is married to E. Then what is the relation of M with respect to D?
(1) Brother-in-law
(2) Sister-in-law
(3) Sister
(4) Brother

9. 
How is R related to V?
(1) Nephew
(2) Son
(3) Daughter
(4) Niece

10. What is the relation between R and A?

(1) Brother and sister
(2) Sisters
(3) Husband and Wife
(4) Mother and daughter

DIFFICULT
Directions for questions (11-13):
Adrain is the paternal aunt of Dakota. Tai is the child of Blair. Kai is the
father-in-law of Joe. Mayo is the grandmother of Tai. Dakota is the brother-
in-law of Joe, who is not the mother of Tai. Mayo is the sister-in-law of
Adrain. Blair is not a sibling of Adrain. Lane is also a member of the family.
Only married couples can have children.

11. 
If Lane is the only son of Joe, then how is Tai related to kai?
(1) Niece
(2) Sister
(3) Daughter
(4) Granddaughter

12. If Dakota is married to Candy, then how is Mayo related to Candy?
(1) Mother
Practice Exercise

(2) Aunt
(3) Mother-in-law
(4) Niece

24.
13. How is Tai related to Adrains’s brother?
(1) Son
(2) Daughter
(3) Grandson
(4) Cannot be determined

Directions for questions (14-15):

There are ten members in a family. Three generations are consisting of
three married couples, each couple having two children.
Alex is the mother-in-law of Dean. Dean is the father of Nancy. Ramo is
the spouse of Brane and is the son-in-law of Krish. Krish is the maternal
grandfather of Joy. Leon is the sibling of Joy. Cary is the mother of Mark,
who is the only son of Cary. Leon is the only nephew of Cary.

14. How is Dean related to Brane?

(1) Brother
(2) Father
(3) Brother-in-law
(4) Nephew

15. How many females are there in the family?

(1) 3
(2) 4
(3) 5
(4) 6

ANSWER KEY

1. (4) 2. (4) 3. (1) 4. (1) 5. (3)

6. (1) 7. (3) 8. (2) 9. (4) 10. (2)

11. (4) 12. (3) 13. (4) 14. (3) 15. (3)
Practice Exercise

25.
 SOLUTIONS

Sol. 1 (4)

Explanation :

The man in the photograph is the son of the only child of Aman’s mother.
i.e., the son of Aman.
Hence, Aman is the father of the man in the photograph.

Sol. 2 (4)

Explanation :

From the above information given in the question, let’s make a family tree
y A is the father of P and Q.

     

y N is the son of P and N is the only brother of S.

    

y R is the mother of S
Practice Exercise

    

Now, it is clear that, if R (–) is the mother of S, then P is the father.

26.
y R is the daughter-in-law of M and M has only one son and one daughter

    

It is clear in the family tree that the gender of S is not defined.

∴ S may be the grandson or granddaughter of A.

Sol. 3 (1)

Explanation :

From the above information given in the question, let’s make a family tree
y A is the father of P and Q.

    

y N is the son of P and N is the only brother of S.

    

y R is the mother of S
Practice Exercise

    

Now, it is clear that, if R (–) is the mother of S, then P is the father.

27.
 y R is the daughter-in-law of M and M has only one son and one daughter

    

Here, M is the mother of Q.

Sol. 4 (1)

Explanation :

Let’s make a family tree with the help of above information.

y M # P means M is the sister of P

     M (–) ↔ P

y P @ Q means P is the father of Q

M (–) ↔ P (+)
↓
Q

y Q $ N means Q is the brother of N

M (–) ↔ P (+)
↓
Q (+) ↔ N

y N % S means N is the wife of S

M (–) ↔ P (+)
↓
Q (+) ↔ N (–) ⇔ S (+)
Practice Exercise

Conclusion I. P @ N
P @ N means P is the father of N.

28.
In the above diagram, it is clearly seen that P is the father of Q and N.
∴ Conclusion I follow.

Column II. M # S
M # S means M is the sister of S.
Seen in the diagram, M is not the sister of S
So, conclusion II does not follow.

Sol. 5 (3)

Explanation :

In these types of questions, Aspirants have to check each option:

From (1)
P×Q+R

P (–) ↔ Q (+)
↓
R

In (1), P is the aunt of R

So, this is not the correct answer

From (2)
R+P×Q

R (+)
↓
P (–) ↔ Q

Here, R is the father of P.

From (3)
R×Q+P

R (–) ↔ Q (+)
↓
Practice Exercise

Here, R is the Aunt of P. So, option (3) is the correct answer.

29.
 Sol. 6 (1)

Explanation :

y In the above statement, it is given that P is the mother of L, who is the

spouse of D.

So,

y Now, R is the daughter of D who is the only brother of C.

D is the brother, So, take D as (+) and L will be his wife (–)

y Now, E is the son of P, who is married to H.

P is a female. So, H will be a male because they are husband-wife.

y A is the niece of C who has no sister and T is the father of D and has no
daughter.

So,  
Practice Exercise

T has no daughter means C is male.

30.
y V is the sister-in-law of L

     

T has no daughter. So, the only way is that C married to V. That makes V
sister-in-law of L.

y R is the granddaughter of O.
The only grandparent left is the wife of T.
So, O is the grandmother of R.

     

Here, P is the mother-in-law of D

Sol. 7 (3)

Explanation :

y In the above statement, it is given that P is the mother of L, who is the

spouse of D.

So,

Now, R is the daughter of D who is the only brother of C.

Practice Exercise

31.
 D is the brother, So, take D as (+) and L will be his wife (–)

y Now, E is the son of P, who is married to H.

P is a female. So, H will be a male because they are husband-wife.

y A is the niece of C who has no sister and T is the father of D and has no
daughter.

So,  

T has no daughter means C is male.

y V is the sister-in-law of L

     
Practice Exercise

T has no daughter. So, the only way is that C married to V. That makes V
sister-in-law of L.

32.
y R is the granddaughter of O.
The only grandparent left is the wife of T.
So, O is the grandmother of R.

     

Here, T is the husband of O.

Sol. 8 (2)

Explanation :

y In the above statement, it is given that P is the mother of L, who is the

spouse of D.

So,

y Now, R is the daughter of D who is the only brother of C.

D is the brother, So, take D as (+) and L will be his wife (–)

y Now, E is the son of P, who is married to H.

Practice Exercise

P is a female. So, H will be a male because they are husband-wife. 33.

 y A is the niece of C who has no sister and T is the father of D and has no
daughter.

So,  

T has no daughter means C is male.

y V is the sister-in-law of L

     

T has no daughter. So, the only way is that C married to V. That makes V
sister-in-law of L.

y R is the granddaughter of O.
The only grandparent left is the wife of T.
So, O is the grandmother of R.

     

If M is married to E, then the family tree will,

Practice Exercise

34.
 So, M is the sister-in-law of D.

Sol. 9 (4)

Explanation :

y In the above statement, it is given that P is the mother of L, who is the

spouse of D.

So,

y Now, R is the daughter of D who is the only brother of C.

D is the brother, So, take D as (+) and L will be his wife (–)

y Now, E is the son of P, who is married to H.

Practice Exercise

P is a female. So, H will be a male because they are husband-wife.

35.
 y A is the niece of C who has no sister and T is the father of D and has no
daughter.

So,  

T has no daughter means C is male.

y V is the sister-in-law of L

     

T has no daughter. So, the only way is that C married to V. That makes V
sister-in-law of L.

y R is the granddaughter of O.
The only grandparent left is the wife of T.
So, O is the grandmother of R.

     

Here, R is the niece of V.

Practice Exercise

36.
 Sol. 10 (2)

Explanation :

y In the above statement, it is given that P is the mother of L, who is the

spouse of D.

So,

y Now, R is the daughter of D who is the only brother of C.

D is the brother, So, take D as (+) and L will be his wife (–)

y Now, E is the son of P, who is married to H.

P is a female. So, H will be a male because they are husband-wife.

y A is the niece of C who has no sister and T is the father of D and has no
daughter.

So,  
Practice Exercise

T has no daughter means C is male.

37.
 y V is the sister-in-law of L

     

T has no daughter. So, the only way is that C married to V. That makes V
sister-in-law of L.

y R is the granddaughter of O.
The only grandparent left is the wife of T.
So, O is the grandmother of R.

     

Here, R and A are sisters.

Sol. 11 (4)

Explanation :

1. A
 drain is the parental aunt of Dakota. Mayo is the sister-in-law of Adrain.
Dakota is the brother-in-law of Joe. Kai is the father-in-law of Joe.
Case-I
Practice Exercise

38.
 Case-II

2. C
 ase II explained above will be eliminated because while increasing the
conditions of the question, the number of persons will be more than eight.
Thus
Case I will be sufficient to answer the questions.

3. T
ai is the child of Blair. Mayo is the grandmother of Tai. Joe is not the
mother of Tai. Blair is not the sibling of Adrain.

Now, if Lane is the only son of Joe, then the family tree will be,

So, Tai is the granddaughter of Kai.

Practice Exercise

39.
 Sol. 12 (3)

Explanation :

1. A
 drain is the parental aunt of Dakota. Mayo is the sister-in-law of Adrain.
Dakota is the brother-in-law of Joe. Kai is the father-in-law of Joe.
Case-I

Case-II

2. C
 ase II explained above will be eliminated because while increasing the
conditions of the question, the number of persons will be more than eight.
Thus
Case I will be sufficient to answer the questions.

3. T
ai is the child of Blair. Mayo is the grandmother of Tai. Joe is not the
mother of Tai. Blair is not the sibling of Adrain.
Practice Exercise

40.
 Now, if Candy is married to Dakota , then the family tree will be,

So, Mayo is the mother-in-law of Candy.

Sol. 13 (4)

Explanation :

1. A
 drain is the parental aunt of Dakota. Mayo is the sister-in-law of Adrain.
Dakota is the brother-in-law of Joe. Kai is the father-in-law of Joe.
Case-I

Case-II

2. C
 ase II explained above will be eliminated because while increasing the
conditions of the question, the number of persons will be more than eight.
Practice Exercise

Thus
Case I will be sufficient to answer the questions.

41.
 3. T
ai is the child of Blair. Mayo is the grandmother of Tai. Joe is not the
mother of Tai. Blair is not the sibling of Adrain.

Now, if Lane is the only son of Joe, then the family tree will be,

Gender of Tai is not known, so cannot be determined.

Sol. 14 (3)

Explanation :
(+) → Male
(–) → Female
⇔ → Married couple
↔ → Siblings

Hints:
1. Ramo is the spouse of Brane and is the son-in-law of Krish. Krish is the
maternal grandfather of Joy. Leon is the sibling of Joy.
Practice Exercise

42.
2. Alex is the mother-in-law of Dean, who is the father of Nancy

3. Cary is the mother of Mark who is the only son of Cary

4. S
ince there are three married couples and each married couple has
two children by combining hints (1,) (2) and (3) following solution can be
deduced.
Practice Exercise

43.
 5. Leon is the only nephew of Cary, so Cary and Brane are sisters.
Here, Dean is the brother-in-law of Brane.

Sol. 15 (3)

Explanation :
(+) → Male
(–) → Female
⇔ → Married couple
↔ → Siblings

Hints:
1. R
 amo is the spouse of Brane and is the son-in-law of Krish. Krish is the
maternal grandfather of Joy. Leon is the sibling of Joy.
Practice Exercise

44.
2. Alex is the mother-in-law of Dean, who is the father of Nancy

3. Cary is the mother of Mark who is the only son of Cary

4. 
Since there are three married couples and each married couple has
two children by combining hints (1,) (2) and (3) following solution can be
deduced.

5. Leon is the only nephew of Cary, so Cary and Brane are sisters.
Here, Dean is the brother-in-law of Brane.
There are total of 5 females in the family.
Practice Exercise

45.
 MIND MAP

POINTS TO REMEMBER

‘+’ All the male members of the family are represented by a symbol ‘+’.
→ 

‘–’ All the female members of the family are represented by ‘–’.
→ 

‘⇔’ The spouse / married couple is represented by the two ends of a

→ 
double-headed arrow.

‘↔’ → Same Generation : Brother-Brother or

Sister-Sister or
Sister-Brother

‘↓’ → for generation gap : Father-Son or

Mother-Son or
Father-Daughter or
Mother-Daughter
MIND MAP

46.