DATE: 09-02-25

S.B.CLASSES
9 (CBSE Medium)
TIME: 3 Hours

Social Science New-(All)

MARKS: 80

SEAT NO:

SECTION A

Multiple choice Question (20)

1) Many Gypsies and blacks living in Nazi Germany were considered as racial 'inferiors' who threatened the
biological purity of the 'superior Aryan' race. They
(a) It led to the establishment of a homogeneous society.
(b) It led to widespread global condemnation and the eventual downfall of Nazi Germany.
(c) It led to an increase in the popularity of Nazi ideology.
(d) It had no long-term effects.

Ans. (b) It led to widespread global condemnation and the eventual downfall of Nazi Germany.

2) Consider the statements given below and choose the correct option.
Statement I The Himalayas represent the loftiest and one of the most rugged mountain barriers of the world.
Statement Il The Himalaya consists of three parallel ranges in its longitudinal extent.
Options
(a) Statement I is correct and Il is incorrect
(b) Statement I is incorrect and Il is correct
(c) Both I and Il are incorrect
(d) Both I and Il are correct

Ans. (d) Both I and Il are correct

3) Which one of the following is not correct about the political conditions in Saudi Arabia?
(a) Citizens can form political parties or political organisations.
(b) Media cannot report anything that the monarch does not like.
(c) Non-Muslim residents can follow their religion in private, but not in public.
(c) Women are subjected to many public restrictions.

Ans. (a) Citizens can form political parties or political organisations.

4) Identify the term associated with following information.

It is consequence of a diet which is regularly inadequate in quantity and quality.

This is caused due to lack of income to buy food for survival.
This is mainly seen in rural areas where people cannot afford quality food due to low income.
It pattern continues for a long time which can also lead to death.

Options
(a) Chronic Hunger (c) Nutrient Hunger
(b) Seasonal Hunger (d) Physical Hunger

Ans. (a) Chronic Hunger

5) A meandering river across a flood plain forms .......... later develop into ..............
(a) Cut-offs, Ox-bow
(b) Ox-bow, Cut-offs
(c) Horse-shoe, Ox-bow
(d) None of these

Ans. (a) Cut-offs, Ox-bow

6) In 1914, Tsar Nicholas II ruled Russia and its empire.
The Russian Empire included territory around Moscow, present day Finland Latvia, Lithunia, Estonia, parts of
Poland, Ukraine and Belarus How was the economy and society during the Tsar Nicholas Il reign?
(a) Industries were very few in number, prominent industrial areas were St Petersburg and Moscow.
(b) Russia was a major importer of grain in the Empire.
(c) Many factories were set up in the 1790's.
(d) Most of the industries were government owned.

Ans. (a) Industries were very few in number, prominent industrial areas were St Petersburg and Moscow.

7) Asserion (A) Democracy is a form of government where rulers are chosen through free and fair elections.
Reason (R) In a democracy, decision-making power rests with those who are elected by the people.
(a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true

Ans. (a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

8) Arrange the following in sequence on the basis of the year in which they were launched starting from the
earliest.
I. Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY)
II. Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)
III. Food-For Work (FFW)
IV. National Food Security Act
Codes
(a) II, III, I, IV (b) I, II, III, IV
(c) IV, III, II, I (d) III, IV, II, I

Ans. (a) II, III, I, IV

9) When was slavery finally abolished in the French colonies?

(a) In 1842 (b) In 1845
(c) In 1848 (d) In 1850

Ans. (c) In 1848

10) India Is located in which hemisphere?

(a) Northern (b) Southern
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

Ans. (a) Northern

11) Find the incorrect option.

(a) Dr BR Ambedkar was the Chairman of Drafting Committee.
(b) Shyama Prasad Mukherjee was the founder President of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh.
(c) Mahatma Gandhi was a member of Constituent Assembly.
(d) HC Mukherjee was the Vice-Chairman of the Constituent Assembly.

Ans. (c) Mahatma Gandhi was a member of Constituent Assembly.

12) Prime Minister Rozgar Yojana (PMRY) was started in 1993. The aim of the programme is
I. to create self-employment opportunities
Il. to help educated unemployed youth in rural areas and small towns.
Ill. to help in setting up small business and industries.
IV. to promote higher education
Codes
(a) Only I (b) Ill and IV
(c) I, Il and III (d) Only II
Ans. (c) I, Il and III

13) Goebbels was the ........ minister in Hitler's regime.

(a) law (c) propaganda
(b) defence (d) None of these

Ans. (c) propaganda

14) Consider the statements given below and choose the correct answer.
Statement I The cold weather season begins from mid-November in Northern India and stays till February.
Statement II The differential heating and cooling of land and water creates high pressure on the landmass of
India while the ocean around experience comparatively low pressure.
Codes
(a) Statement I is correct and Il is incorrect
(b) Statement I is incorrect and Il is correct
(c) Both I and Il are incorrect
(d) Both I and Il are correct

Ans. (a) Statement I is correct and Il is incorrect

15) Find the incorrect option.

(a) Election campaigning takes place for three week period between the announcement of final list of
candidates and date of polling.
(b) Election campaign means the promotion of the policies, offers and promises that the candidates make to
the voters to fulfil, if they are elected.
(c) Political parties prepare their election manifestos.
(d) In election campaigns, political parties try to focus public attention on some big issues.

Ans. (a) Election campaigning takes place for three week period between the announcement of final list of
candidates and date of polling.

16) PDS dealers are sometimes found resorting to malpractices like diverting the grains to the open market to get
better margin, selling poor quality grains at ration shops, irregular opening of the shops, etc. It is common to
find that ration shops regularly have unsold stocks of poor quality grains left. Amidst reports of malpractices
in the Public Distribution System (PDS), which measure would be most effective in addressing these issues
and ensuring fair distribution of grains?
(a) Imposing stricter penalties on PDS dealers engaging in malpractices to discourage such behavior.
(b) Increasing government surveillance on ration shops to monitor their operations regularly.
(c) Privatising the PDS to introduce competition and market forces, promoting efficiency and accountability.
(d) Conducting awareness campaigns to educate citizens on their rights and responsibilities in the PDS,
encouraging community participation in monitoring.

Ans. (b) Increasing government surveillance on ration shops to monitor their operations regularly.

17) In the 18th century, the middle class emerged, earning wealth through overseas trade and textile
manufacturing. This group, along with professionals like lawyers and officials, belleved in merit-based social
positions rather than birth privilege.
Which philosophers influenced the belief in social mobility based on merit during the emergence of the
middle class in the 18th century?
(a) Aristotle and Plato
(b) John Locke and jean Jacques Rousseau
(c) Thomas Hobbes and Immanuel Kant
(d) John Locke and Montesquieu

Ans. (b) John Locke and jean Jacques Rousseau

18) What per cent of India's population live in urban areas?

(a) 16.2% (b) 31. 8% (c) 41 % (d) 12.3%
Ans. (b) 31. 8%

19) The Parliament consists of how many houses?

(a) Two (b) Three (c) Four (d) One

Ans. (a) Two

20) Assertion (A) A large section of people suffer from food and nutrition insecurity in India.
Reason (R) The social composition of the society and peoples inability to buy food.
Codes
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true

Ans. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

SECTION B

(Very Short Answer Type Question) (8)

21) Name the author of the book 'Third Reich of Dreams'.

Ans. Charlotte Beradt is the author of the book, 'Third Reich of Dreams .

22) Why most of the world's deserts are located in the Western margins of continents in the subtropics?

Ans. Most of the world's deserts are located in the Western margins of continents in the subtropics because the
prevailing winds in the tropics are tropical easterly winds. These winds become dry by the time they reach the
Western margins of the continents and so they bring no rainfall. Thus, the region becomes devoid of moisture
which causes dry conditions leading to formation of deserts.

23) Give one reason each to argue that indian judiciary is independent with respect to Powers of the Judiciary

Ans. Powers of the Judiciary The powers are clearly spelt out in the Constitution and they cannot be diluted by
Parliament or by any presidential order. So, no politician can reduce or increase their powers. The Supreme
Court has the power to declare illegal any law made by Parliament if it goes against the Constitution. This
ensures the independence of judiciary in a modern democracy.

OR

What was the result of the intervention of other countries to stop the killings of Albanians?

Ans. Several countries intervened to stop the killing of Albanians, as a result t Milosevic lost power and was tried by
the International Court of Justice for crimes against humanity.

24) Which agency conducts the periodical sample surveys for estimating the poverty line in India? or How is
poverty line estimated periodically?

Ans. Poverty line is estimated periodically by the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) by conducting
sample surveys.

SECTION C

( Short Answer Type Question ) (15)

25) How did drought affect the like of pastoralists?

Ans. Drought affects the life of pastoralists everywhere in the following ways

Drought affects pastoralists by causing pastures to dry up. leading to a scarcity of forage for their
cattle.
During the colonial period, some pastoralist communities like the Maasal were confined to fixed areas,
restricting their ability to search for pastures during droughts.
 Without the ability to shift their cattle to areas with sufficient forage, large numbers of cattle died of
starvation and disease during severe droughts.
An enquiry in 1930 revealed a significant loss of livestock among the Maasai, with over half of their
cattle dying in just two years of severe drought in 1933 and 1934.

26) The headwaters of the Ganga, called the 'Bhagirathi" are fed by the Gangotri Glacier and joined by the
Alaknanda at Devprayag in Uttarakhand. The Ganga Is joined by many tributaries from the Himalayas, a few of
them being major rivers such as the Yamuna, the Ghaghara, the Gandak and the Kosi.
(i) What role do the tributaries Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak and Kosi play in enriching the soil for agriculture in
the Northern plains?
(ii) What is the source of the river Yamuna and how does its flow contribute to the Ganga river system?

Ans. (i) The tributaries Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak and Kosi play an important role in enriching the soil for
agriculture in the Northern plains through annual flooding. These rivers bring nutrient-rich sediments and
alluvium from the Himalayas, depositing them during floods.
(ii) The river Yamuna originates from the Yamunotri Glacier in the Himalayas. It flows parallel to the Ganga and
acts as a right bank tributary. The Yamuna meets the Ganga at Allahabad, contributing its flow to the Ganga
river system.

27) Why Fundamental Rights are given a special status in the Indian Constitution? Give Reason.

Ans. Fundamental Rights are given a special status in the Indian Constitution because of the following reasons

These rights are essential for all round development of the citizens.
Fundamental Rights have been given to all citizens by the Constitution and no government can abolish
them.
These rights protect minorities from the oppression of majority.
These are enforceable in the court of law.

OR

Explain the "Indira Sawhney and others vs Union of India case" along with its major reforms.

Ans. The "Indira Sawhney and others vs Union of India case" was filed by some persons and associations regarding
the governmental decision on 27% reservation for the SEBC.
The major reform was that Supreme Court modified the original order and declared that well-to-do persons
among the backward classes should be excluded from getting benefit of the reservation.
Hence, the Department of Personnel and Training issued another Office Memorandum on 8th September,
1993.

28) Rama is a farm labourer in a village who works all the year round to meet his expenses. Being a farm labourer
Rama and many others face a number of problems in terms of employment. State any three such probiems.

Ans. The problems faced by Rama and many other farm labourers in term of employment are as follows
(i) Rama and most of the farm labourers are landless labourers. They have no right over the crops of the land
on which they work.
(ii) Wages provided by the landowners vary from place to place. Sometimes they are lower than the minimum
wages fixed by the government.
(iii) There is also a wide variation in the duration of employment. It may be on a daily basis or for one farm
activity like harvesting or for the whole year.

29) Which groups of French society would have gained from the Constitution of 1791? Which groups would have
had reason to be dissatisfied? What developments does Marat (Source B) anticipate in the future?
Source B
The revolutionary journalist Jean-Paul Marat commented in his newspaper L'Ami du peuple (The friend of the
people) on the Constitution drafted by the National Assembly:
'The task of representing the people has been given lo the rich..... the lot of the poor and oppressed will never
be improved by peaceful means alone. Here w have absolute proof of how wealth influences the law.
 law will last only an long as the people agree to obey them. Are when they have managed to caut of se yone of
be arsioozats, they will do the same to
Source An extract from the newspaper L'Ami du peuple.

Ans. Only some members of the third estate, who were rich and propertied, would have gained from this
Constitution.
Members of the first and second estates would have been dissatisfied as their privileges were abolished and
they had to pay taxes.
Marat anticipated another revolution in which the poor would rebel against the rich persons of the third estate
and overthrow them, just like they had done to the noblemen and clergy.

SECTION D

(Long Answer Based Question ) (20)

30) What changes were seen in the regime of Robespierre's government?

Ans. The following changes were seen in the regime of Robespierre's government

Robespierre's government issued laws placing a maximum ceiling on wages and prices. Meat and bread
were rationed.
Peasants were forced to transport their grain to the cities and sell it at fixed prices by the government.
The use of expensive white flour was forbidden and all citizens were forced to eat the equality bread, i.e.
a loaf made of whole wheat.
Instead of the traditional Monsieur (Sir) and Madame (Madam), all French men and women were called
as Citoyen and Citoyenne (citizen).
Churches were also shut down and their buildings were converted into barracks or offices.

OR

Explain any five socio-economic conditions of Russia at the beginning of the 20th century?

Ans. At the beginning of the 20th century, Russia was ruled by Tsar Nicholas II.
The socio-economic conditions of Russia at that time can be explained in the following ways

85 per cent of the Russian people were agriculturists. Cultivators produced for the market and for their
own needs. Russia was a major exporter of grain.
Industry was found in some specific areas. St Petersburg and Moscow were famous for industry. Large
factories existed alongside craft workshops. In some areas, factory workers and craftmen were almost
equal in number.
Workers were a divided social group. Some had strong links with the villages, while others had settled in
cities permanently.
Despite divisions, workers did unite to strike work when they disagreed with the employers.
Peasants had no respect towards nobility. They pooled their land together periodically and their
commune (mir) divided it according to the needs of individual families.

31) Explain any five significant characteristics of the adolescent population of India.

Ans. Five significant characteristics of the adolescent population of India are as follows
(i) Adolescent population constitutes one-fifth of the total population of India.
(ii) They are generally grouped in the age group of 10 to 19 years.
(iii) Nutritional requirements of adolescents are higher than those of normal child or adult.
(iv) In India, a large number of adolescent girls suffer from anaemia.
(v) The adolescent girls have to be sensitised about the problems faced by them.

OR

Give an account of the four divisions of the Himalayas from West to East along with Purvanchal hills.

Ans. The divisions of the Himalayas from West to East are

(i) Punjab Himalayas The part lying between the Indus and Satluj rivers has been traditionally known as Punjab
Himalayas, but it is regionally known as Kashmir and Himachal Himalayas.
 (ii) Kumaon Himalayas The part lying between the Satluj and Kali rivers is known as Kumaon Himalayas.
(iii) Nepal Himalayas The part lying between the Kali and Teesta rivers is known as Nepal Himalayas. (iv)
Assam Himalayas The part lying between the Teesta and Dihang rivers is known as Assam Himalayas.

32) What is a Universal Adult Franchise? Why has it been adopted in India?

Ans. Right to express one's choice by vote is called Franchise.

When the right to vote or franchise is given to every adult in a state, it is known as the Universal Adult
Franchise.
Reasons for adopting Universal Adult Franchise in India are

It makes democracy broad based that enhances self-respect and prestige of the common people.
It establishes political equality among all the people of the society.
It enables minorities to protect and safeguard their interests so that they have an equal say in decisions
that affect them.

OR

Consider the following facts about a country and decide if you would call it a democracy. Give reasons to
support your decision.
(a) All the citizens of the country have right to vote. Elections are held regularly.
(b) The country took loan from international agencies. One of the conditions for giving loan was that the
government would reduce its expenses on education and health.
(c) People speak more than seven languages but education is available only in one language, the language
spoken by 52% people of that country.
(d) Several organisations have given a call for peaceful demonstrations and nationwide strikes in the country
to oppose these policies. Government has arrested these leaders.
(e) The government owns the radio and television in the country. All the newspapers have to get permission
from the government to publish any news about government's policies and protests.

Ans. (a). A country where all the citizens have a right to vote and elections are held regularly can certainly be called
democratic, because the basic conditions are being fulfilled.
(b) Democratic countries are generally welfare states. If a country reduces expenses on education and health,
it will definitely harm the people. Thus, the country is undemocratic, as it could only get the loan by reducing its
expenses on education and health.
(c) In a multi-lingual country, making any one language as the official language or national language is a
complicated situation. In democracy, people should enjoy the freedom to have education in their own
language. Thus, the country is undemocratic.
(d) The country is not democratic because the people are not allowed to hold peaceful demonstrations or
oppose government policies.
(e) A country which imposes censorship of both print and electronic media is undemocratic because freedom
of speech and expression is a fundamental right of the people in a democracy.

33) How are the farmers in village Palampur able to grow more crops from the same land? Explain In five points.

Ans. The following points state how the farmers in Palampur are able to grow more crops from the same land
(i) Palampur's farmers follow multiple cropping. They grow atleast two main crops. Many of them also grow
vegetables as a third crop.
(ii) There is a well-developed system of irrigation in Palampur that enables the farmers to grow three different
crops in a year.
(iii) Electricity came early to Palampur. It has played a pivotal role in transformation of the irrigation system in
the village. The existing Persian wheels were replaced by electric run tubewells which could irrigate much
larger areas of land.
(iv) The Green Revolution introduced HYV seeds and modern farming methods.
(v) Effective use of HYVs, chemical fertilisers and modern agricultural technologies resulted in better
agricultural yield from the same land.

OR

Distinguish between the condition of a farmer who Is working in his own farm and a landless labourer.
Ans. Difference between farmers and landless labourers are as follows

Landless Labourers Farmers with Land

They do not have even a small plot of On the other hand, they occupy medium or
land. large farmlands.
They are hired by medium or large They hire landless labourers for work on
farmers. their field.
They have no right over the crops They have the right to use their crops
grown by them on the farmers field. grown on their farms.
After selling their surplus crop, they have
They work for daily wages, so, they
a good amount to deposit in bank
have no savings with them.
account.
They are exploited by large farmers They exploit the small farmers or landless
most of the time, as they hire them labourers by paying them on them lower
om less than the minimum wages wages as there is heavy competition for
fixed by the government. work among farm labourers.
SECTION E

(Cased based/ Source Based Question ) (12)

34) Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow.
To expand its revenue income, the colonial government looked for every possible source of taxation. So tax
was imposed on land, on canal water, on salt, on trade goods, and even on animals. Pastoralists had to pay tax
on every animal they grazed on the pastures. In most pastoral tracts of india, grazing tax was introduced in the
mid-19th century. The tax per head of cattle went up rapidly and the system of collection was made
increasingly efficient. In the decades between the 1850s, and 1880s, the right to collect the tax was auctioned
out to contractors. These contractors tried to extract as high a tax as they could to recover the money they had
paid to the stateand earn as much profit as they could within the year.
(i) What was the primary motive behind the colonial government's imposition of grazing tax?
(a) To encourage pastoral settlement and agricultural development.
(b) To increase the land revenue collected from pastoral communities.
(c) To generate additional income for the state through direct taxation.
(d) To control the movement and activities of nomadic pastoralists.
(ii) What was the purpose of shifting from contractor-based to direct tax collection in the 1880s?
(a) Improving the tax burden for pastoralists by streamlining the collection process.
(b) Solving concerns about corruption and exploitation by contractors.
(c) Allowing the government to exert greater control over the movement and resource access of pastoral
communities.
(d) All of the above
(iii) What unintended consequence did the implementation of the "Pass" system for grazing tax collection
had?
(a) Facilitating data collection on pastoral herd sizes and movement panterns.
(b) Reducing the mobility and flexibility of pastoral communities due to increased documentation
requirements.
(c) Promoting a sense of ownership and responsibility among pastoralists towards their livestock.
(d) Both (a) and (b)
(iv) Identify the statement that does accurately reflect the impact of colonial taxation on pastoral
communities.
(a) It disrupted traditional grazing patterns and resource access practices.
(b) It did not imposed a significant financial burden on pastoralists, often exceeding their animal's market
value.
(c) It had not contributed to the sedentarisation of some pastoral communities, pushing them towards
alternative livelihoods.
(d) It had not fostered resentment and resistance among pastoral groups, sometimes leading to protests
and uprisings.

Ans. (i) (b) To increase the land revenue collected from pastoral communities.
(ii) (d) All of the above
(iii) (d) Both (a) and (b)
 (iv) (a) It disrupted traditional grazing patterns and resource access practices.

35) Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow.
China's famine of 1958-1961 was the worst recorded famine in world history. Nearly three crore people died in
this famine. During those day, India's economic condition was not much better than China. Yet India did not
have a famine of the kind China had.
Economists think that this was a result of different government policies in the two countries. The sovernmeot
despond to in india made the indian Chinese government did not. goinese government di od scarcity in a way
that the taken place in an independ scale famine has ever taken place in an independent and democratic
country. If China too had multiparty elections, an opposition party and a press full to criticise the government,
then so many people may not have died in the famine. This example brings out one of the reasons why
democracy is considered the best form of government Democracy is better than any other form of onennentin
responding to the needs of the people.
A non-democratic government may and can respond to the people's needs, but it all depends on the wishes of
the people who rule.
(i) Policies adopted by a democratic government can change the condition of people In the country. Comment.
(ii) Explain with example, that democratic government is more responsive.
(iii) What did the Economists think on comparing the situation of India and China?

Ans. (i) The policies adopted by a democratic government are directed towards the welfare of the people. The
Indian government's policy to reduce food scarcity resulted in avoidance of any large scale famines in the
country.
But China, inspite of better economically developed than India, suffered from famine. This shows that policies
of a democratic government can change the condition of the people.
(ii) Democracy is better and more responsive than any other form of government because it responds to the
needs of the people. For instance, if China too had multiparty elections, an opposition party and a press which
is free to criticise the government then, so many people may have not died in the famine. Democratic
government is always more responsible towards the needs of the people.
(iii) The Economists think that this was the result of different government policies in the two countries. The
existence of democracy in India made the Indian government respond to food scarcity in a way that Chinese
government did not. They point out that no large-scale famine has ever taken place in an independent and
democratic country.

36) Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow.
While determining the poverty line in India, a minimum level of food requirement, clothing, footwear, fuel and
light, educational and medical requirement, etc., are determined for subsistence. These physical quantities are
multiplied by their prices in rupees. The present formula for food requirement while estimating the poverty line
is based on the desired calorie requirement. Food items, such as cereals, pulses, vegetable, milk, oil, sugar, etc
together provide these needed calories. The calorie needs vary depending on age, sex and the type of work
that a person does. The accepted average calorie requirement in India is 2400 calories per person per day in
rural areas and 2100 calories per person per day in urban areas Since people living in rural areas engage
themselves in more physical work, calorie requirements in rural areas are considered to be higher than in
urban areas.
The poverty line is estimated periodically (normally every five years) by conducting sample surveys. These
surveys are carried out by the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO).
(i) If a person wants to determine poverty line in India then which factors should be used to determine for
subsistence?
(ii) How is the food requirement estimated in poverty line?
(iii) Why is the calorie requirement of rural areas more than that in urban areas?

Ans. (i) If a person wants to determine poverty line in India, then a minimum level of food requirement, clothing,
footwear, fuel and light, educational and medical requirement etc. are determined for subsistence.
(ii) Food requirement is estimated in poverty line through the desired calorie requirement, from food items,
such as cereals, pulses, vegetables, milk, oil, sugar, etc. These together provided the needed calories.
(iii) Since people living in rural areas engage themselves in more physical work, calorie requirements in rural
areas is considered to be higher than in urban areas.

SECTION F
 (Map Skilled Based Question) (3+2=5) (5)

Attempt both the Map based Questions

37A) On the given outline map of world, locate the countries that were central powers in the First World War.
(i) Germany (ii) Austria

Ans. The Central Powers in the First World War were Austria and Germany .

37B) On the given political map of India, name and mark the any four meteorological stations.(ANY 3)
1) Meteorological station of Rajasthan.
2) Meteorological station of Maharaashtra.
3) Meteorological station of Tamilnadu.
4) Meteorological station of West Bengal.

Ans. 1)Jodhpur
2)Mumbai
3)Chennai
4)Kolkata