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The document discusses coordination chemistry, focusing on the recognition and application of coordination compounds, their structures, and bonding theories. It covers various types of ligands, their roles in forming stable complexes, and the theories that explain the behavior of these compounds. Additionally, it addresses the magnetic properties of coordination complexes and the factors influencing their stability.
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Save coordination For Later (ourdinetion Chemis
Gotents
Deh _ i Recegai ition end appl cation of Courdd:inerli,
Corpur a
¥ Porrenclatue of Gucdinabion Composrds
* Coordi nation formule and _ boomers la. edie
Compa vod
_* lice der’ of Cordinertion Complerc Corpacd.
£ Theories of § eee ¢ Lundin
# (lalence _ bed Theo ct ‘ rol lecole
Orble eon).
chet 339
Prt W332
oe dition Campound s
The R eachin of un Sol \uble Salts misced Up togethe-
An forma A new Compound -
—Addihon Comp ouncls Can be @Heg or! sel Into
) Double salt and bse a Compound .
ee' Double |
kel4
satis are slable ak soluble Coplute) stele.
higcle + bloO— ket tgct. « +66
kt cf [197
+ Cooddination Compounds.
CaSty -gHao TCH 94 ]5t,
» Corl Lion Nev Gopunle are le both Line! salle, she
wal In Sdlobion. } © (annol ian MWe presence of CG
Lecuse
et Coord)
Coor dihabion Compurd.s > Ths
Cotain & area mela) elo atom, Lei
Yu mbe- | of
as aes
© Com
Complex
ene = a Gra J Cohort
Hl, atackel-f, q bgovel.
= Gaordinads on ‘Chem
Ts g branch of Cromishy ral Py, atl de study
nedion Compurds
eC Gre Compound a vel,
ae) Sur on L
Vgards or deror atoms. They are lee Ik Noun
rplets (on -eilbe- be;
lop (a ontc) wD Anionic EA reetre| Compe,
Grp lex
Aor (OM 4] apron Complex
for (49° Peube) | Lojane -
Sphere /\ nner sphere ;
de Sphere | outer sphere,07 Pho,
Gonple = ky LRCoaey 7
| oni zation sphere
x Oxidation number (ste harge possoed by an_chom
Gnon onthe chaccje posessed! by the metal ion. :
eg (eC ait /
jxe—txb =-3
x-6=-3 -
x=-346 =43, :
+ Coed eke Dumber = [ste umber of Gurdingle by
attache Ap Ihe metal joo: i.
» Ligards> Gr be 4 neubel o¢ chorged molecule Lhe}
Can dangte 9 fore pac of election te He Central meal
Non. -
¥ Doror| aboms = Common bro ctems =, 0, ard 5
> chpoc acto la-He com elirectty ablacted + |
He me lon.
+ Plonodentate (igends
Capab oF clonating One elechon C4. donor atom)
He paler cte lands besing mort then One Uigend
atom: lt Can be identate, [ridemete, Telraderta
penis ntale, ete. Soca mple oF Lidemtste aloe,
te (4. be Cherepe or retreat 4 Pramples ;: Aceb tacts, Sulpeds, Oxalaly . 7
fe | ar \ere dia "S12. 2 wLipyridine,
heron thioline.
vthelale ble \, $ elation
dalle = Ans Complex Thon One dono
Nad Gh Carel o Feed vin Ip dmchore!
= Chelabing ligand = Compler faving more Her One chore.
position 1p g a light dackle
ele a lo tbe (e535 of Foc ming G ring light Stucke
example ne + cla (en) J"
\ pt _- hte fe
Z Npu, oe
delale
« labile Complex Le « Tigerd replaced u Subelhted
Sa anolhe, ligand, dhe. oct high! reachse,
4 acne 3 esl oC CyCRHs + bu o-
y Compler ¥ f ligerd Hel Creat Substtuky
asl role, h nd and they Gre less reachw-e
\ J " Boning = Tears fo ot Clechen.
Bandanc, Teenie —_
- (ew seat on lad »> Ont oe ake sled electes
at oo ills
cl"A cé Laccho, Sulplede, 6 xalaty s
ne
bela
Neb G
|Helbslere damine 2-2 “bipjridine
(—lo £ phenan +hioline.
a Chelate che lal ligcnd $ chelation
L arplex aur rot an One dono
Coordinate +e form rig light Shuctiuce.
7 Che lafing ligand = Complex lauirg more then One as
reap Ber q cing ight: cheuchive.
echela
example a
« abi
4 ci:
e-
coal
hon ls le pretess uF for mig Qa ring light Struchie
+ cle Cen) T°
\opt fila fp
ee Nou, ——Oe
ctolate
e Complex pts igeedl rep laced oe sulehhwed
ec ligands they ore high) recchue,
aC) G4 esol cq Chie) bus:
¥ Sart Compler + x ligend Het (nro Substteb
4-4
othe, ligand and they Gre less reac hue
¢ Lodic Bandicg a Trask of elector.
in
Bordan Theories }
= Corda bacdey =» Ont Ore alum shined eleoker2D Cotalont Bending 2? Toe ohn phered © leche
He AL, eorteS Gre+
D\ Ooh lenke Burl Theory
) Cysk! Rebel de,
9 robuale- orl;-tal Da
C1 YQ 52 Ad lasag
Valence Band Plear
ee, lel fis
D dhe 0 why Spel are tint to Gccomodede "he lone _|
aus of elechuns for tHe gan. or Cosideced fy
beg generate orbitals
+ Degelerak orbitals > are orbitals haing MeShne
eregy Fue}. Cclegenerate = = the Sore).
Transition cleremk » Hes? ae «grip & metallic de—
i hat have Gn [ncemplete boner CDeleckon Sel}
brwiog gets Ue e Uslencies, they are Ip elomenls Brg,
aad Hhose ly 293 We; Herm lo the Pere
le Se —
Tr
SetPxerple Ccly — ct f- dA
cl
C= |s7957 2p"
ll or > 1
eG
1
cl. | clet cl
| Orbilhls Mhet ave Used-ty Gccomadale Ho lore pairs of
| cdechala In Coordination Grpovals Grew
fim do & dew
Oy |
1D Second Assumphon— |
4 There must be ao lo krack on Lehween te lone Pac
4 ot metal \on orbital and \ige! or lone Paice of Clacton 4
from 4 igands -
x1 cbilels Wobare Used do form Grpounds
= Oclahed-a}
~ Teds bedeal
OUR
o Squ re plenae
' do a |Paes We mele) lon [5s Sur@unded Ly 6.
dda? sp 22 brbrbl cred
rat pa IRT
° Ss .
Sa Tonb- d- orbital > Me “Complex ls stable Ge
q plex Cacdipahon.
|e Outed -ocli tal > tbe Lingle cls Complex -
Cosed:' ree less stelle.
et te Z
elect oe In bee Side
+ Lene fi Belt gend oIL Gok 9%
__d (seh Tt
6 2 - in
sd°gsr
en tage
D sin Mo Tire — d ~orbila) [s is ; |
at to ccomed ok |
_ du Pacs ef elechon fom Mo Pande Gmple.
} ksJing +o magnetic —
rflex Is Paramagnehc —» becawe of tHe
vith He Tybadaie om
SP? —oclaledral-
£4 fe Cob jr > einer - Ochbed al
; : *S |
AAO => aauck |
ic na@luce = paramagnent
eee Si ee :
expyesef63e— OTM neck
Decco ake Lec] Spas
| Tebraledea) Corplez
—-U Coordine Hon number
a
a) fe a
tle ©
melry > p> Lybridi aihon
reac rec‘dD (wi (ly) °= 5 aeale [i gand:
= oxidation state. pi ‘oF = 39%
oats Ol Telalmn
or At Gd EARS Ea ;
cl ct cl ecl
Ss 3
4 Para neh. —
| P 9 ¥ Squac ana oe
iy Coordinate Lond
_ dope —
Gp > Y[ 01 (ca)4)* ae byerd-_
wi — 3d 5 45°
Ant —> 348
LA) wm
wt negaboe
mela)
Is Considered to be
Is na Interackion between the. Joc 6
weal [ed 2 Ee ot
eq ¢ pit reg alive dua
charge lon and point posi ve Charge.To forma loond 5 There must be lnleraccton bebe een
poiet posihve Cherge metal lon Gnd poiet regetve cee
ligand : st” che .
|]
Cagery
“) Sliilgls
- day et
dogereiat
le’ : 7
: ¥ there are In Lehoeen dle ans
ox x less repul sion.
yt dt
yy Diskibuton oF election Ind ® = 6, bial
eo wef €4 i 5p
“4a tag ee
' ads 4]
71 41 71
| —t____.. 7
High spin [08 spin
2 44 Z
die al 4 ew th
| —Glelohon oF Cost) Geld slab il
energy (OHS ec]
Je or —
Cfs€ =(-0-4Ao +064)
| d= p+ / a
- Numbe— of electrons iE obey -
- = Aumbe-~_o fF electrons n_
Ch5e = Cog ded
= (-04xPAo +0-6 xg Ao) SY _ ;,
=(-0-4p + 0:64) Ao +!p
Pairing see (>p) -
more stable
Arle © when He elect)
[ala /4 Tay Ie Tp LL Side toy Gee
Jr 4 Dist bution ot electons |n High Spin or = Si
High spio
io Spin
d! ee ep
if —— a
a7 j
a} ee
Af 4 __ TT
alt
a a _—
1114 1 A T 4°
- ae
1 t_ 7-4 4
Bp Gloulate Me CASE Valoe far ol!"
Ino tebedral Corpleres
CSE. = (—0-4p +064) Ao +p
E (0-4 81 + 0-6 x0) Aa + OP
a se
Ww ua
se = (-o-4P +0-64) Do +rP(Found + obxo) be +P
F-lbdo +f
Al! igh Spe
fisaaa tate sen :
2-0'b Do - tt
: dt | low spin
“ise = Co-up to-bg) Ao +m
rC- C046 +0-6xU) bo ia
3 eal poe + 3Py ——
“CPE = Co. on 06g) Ao + mp 7
= CO4xs +0-6x 2) Ao 4 2xP-
= -0:%Ao tie - a
Ox Sese
Q) predict tte ore, Sab il: rche
fia Pe! ies fie Palloany _ 48 ray! .
a ky Che dh /
») ky FeCade
a
|K — ecryse) Held Sphttng In Tehrahebe! Complee!
cba n behween He qxis > Stper enge high
— bhigsnds. 1 repulsion. a
és }
doet-y2 dla?
Tetrabedlea! Complexes
lJ alos heave High Spio because the Pact
eneryy Is qhoays Very High. eee
eae of: Cgohh me Shabili zafion
Ene a» Tetrahed al Complexes
Cfse= (2bby +o0-4pJ DE
but At =o0'45Ac
as icfs€ =(-0-6m + 0-4 x3) Dt
at
se = (-o-bx4 +o-4 xD At |
3, Bt, db J dh d” > Dp H yourelt| lal felt splittia wore ees :
In nae gee we approach ea ry
dx? -7
| dat ye dt
t
{ -
dxy ht dye dct oft
€ | ole. t Theory : - :
cm & Bond The Orbits} must duvele ".
2) Bondi 4 anti benching oPtih ts are Pormed Lum
fle Overlsp of metal lon Ocbilals & [igen Orkrlals
3) Gon jn orbitals Gee lower le Conergy “then 3
Bondin ol 5:
? ott " i tals from Se igsnds
ar ad 6rbi hat Gre Use tor Cobrdin ate
bond per wn oe; S pb PP
| Hh TRlead: s of Orbrals fum the metal Lon
pn Obed ral Green \s 4h Lert ol 6, lata
oA melel lon Ihe} el lce-to Oe Gee ;
aie tL eleclans frm ligands at either
Al? SP or SP? a
s day, doctrdy? — noe ~burdng Orleals (ba
bat gps dats, 5s P banking ovbrlele
Th Orbilals. dry drt, dye are directed
lie axis, 5 such, Connot focm Sigs Lond ~Grd ore
Called on = bandos Oc bls -
ote +
dx? ~y2 de? (ef |
ie
— tid)
coe) co (ats)6 J Somes cot zl!
x ° +3 ——-
{
(pJ3d* 4s?
Co’ — 3d@® ®@@
role fo oleld Dipak. onl
——s POW
magnetic parsperty— Digmagebe.
Sebo sible ;
Georely = (qclabedal
weghQ@U8~ Co - 3db ys? CHT 3db-
| Grrrtfedions of Valence oad “Tew
DE em =aplin ae begin 0 re Tee iu
Nation 42 ™Pounels
2) tt
Tannot explin Ye magnet nelore of te
a Grpouncl arth Gn Jrcreasing Temperstur| Klomenelntoe of Goodin bem Compan
= Als sex plome be
#—-- Alame
cf Com ple greene 7
we Sth : Small fe £4 4 Lob, _
a a Mowe et Asve ton te -
: hens Coding - te! ne ged ln _ancen
ae Nlaesi -atjeme 5 of Complen Coun fanrn of
gene | OK Apo ene Wathe ded :
tate alee ——- Le aaeen pi
& Alownrp of Lysad : am!
Fo at
cu :
fe are cpowe iy tom ted © 0d
ihe, ator , ah
fa) ey ey TF oye narmsitte
Che chlore ae bWrieh s-seb
Lewe
Copnd Gh cana nm laf Ge