Name: ___________________________________ Date:
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Section: _________________________________ Score:
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Activity 1: Analyzing Sample Texts
The Case for a Later School Start Time
In recent years, numerous studies have highlighted the benefits of a later school
start time for high school students. Research shows that adolescents have
unique sleep patterns that require them to have additional sleep to function
effectively. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that high schools
start no earlier than 8:30 a.m. to allow students to get the rest they need.
One of the primary reasons for this recommendation is the impact of sleep on
academic performance. Studies indicate that students who get enough sleep
tend to have higher grades, better attendance, and improved test scores. For
example, a study conducted by the University of Minnesota found that students
at schools with later start times had an increase in GPA by an average of 0.5
points. This evidence clearly suggests that a later start time can significantly
enhance students' academic success.
Furthermore, sleep deprivation can lead to a variety of health issues. Chronic
sleep deprivation has been linked to increased stress, anxiety, and depression
among adolescents. A study by the National Sleep Foundation found that teens
who do not get sufficient sleep are more likely to experience mental health
problems. By allowing students to sleep longer, schools can help mitigate these
issues, promoting both mental and physical health.
Critics argue that a later start time could interfere with after-school activities and
part-time jobs. However, it is essential to prioritize students' health and
academic performance over these concerns. Adjusting the school schedule can
still accommodate extracurricular activities and jobs if planned accordingly.
Schools can work with students and parents to find a balanced approach that
benefits everyone.
In conclusion, the evidence supporting a later school start time is compelling. By
prioritizing students' sleep needs, we can improve their academic performance
and overall well-being. Schools should take a proactive stance in implementing
later start times to foster a healthier and more productive learning environment
for our youth.
Instructions: Read the provided text carefully. As you read, answer the
following questions about the text:
1. What is the main argument presented in the text?
2. Identify three supporting arguments used by the author.
3. How does the author establish credibility or authority in the text?
4. What is the intended audience for this text? Explain your reasoning.
5. Identify three examples of evidence (facts, statistics, examples) used to
support the argument.
6. What is the author's overall tone (formal, informal, persuasive, etc.)?
7. Identify three words or phrases that contribute to the author's tone.
8. Does the author use rhetorical questions? If so, identify two examples and
explain their purpose.
9. Identify three instances of the author using evaluative language (words
expressing opinion or judgment).
10.How does the author address potential counterarguments?
11.Identify three modal verbs (should, must, might, could, would, etc.) used
in the text.
12.Identify three modal adverbs (probably, possibly, certainly, etc.) used in
the text.
13.Find three examples of conjunctions or connectives used to link ideas
(because, therefore, however, etc.).
14.Identify three examples of declarative statements (simple factual
statements).
15.Does the author use passive voice? If so, identify two examples.
16.What is the purpose of the text (to inform, persuade, advocate, etc.)?
17.How effective is the author's use of evidence in supporting their
argument? Explain.
18.Identify three stylistic choices (e.g., use of metaphors, repetition) that the
author employs.
19.How does the conclusion of the text summarize or restate the main
argument?
20.Overall, how persuasive is the argument presented in the text? Justify your
answer.
Activity 2: Interactive Exercises (20 items)
Instructions: Complete the following exercises:
Part 1: Modal Verbs and Adverbs (10 items)
Identify the modal verb or adverb in each sentence and explain its function:
1. You should exercise regularly.
2. We must complete this assignment by Friday.
3. It might rain later.
4. They could have finished earlier.
5. She would like to travel to Europe.
6. He will probably attend the meeting.
7. The project is possibly delayed.
8. She certainly knows the answer.
9. It will undoubtedly be a success.
10.He may consider other options.
Part 2: Evaluative Language and Connectives (10 items)
Rewrite the following sentences to reflect a more positive or negative tone using
evaluative language. Then, add a suitable connective to link the sentences
together.
1. The food was okay.
2. The movie was interesting.
3. The presentation was long.
4. The weather was cold.
5. The game was exciting.
6. The book was boring.
7. The teacher was helpful.
8. The class was challenging.
9. The music was loud.
10.The trip was expensive
Activity 3: Collaborative Work (20 items)
(Divide students into groups of 3-4.)
Scenario: Your school is considering implementing a new school policy. Choose
ONE of the following:
Mandatory school uniforms
Extended school day
A new grading system
Increased technology use in the classroom
A new school lunch menu
A new school mascot
A new school event (e.g., a school dance, a fundraiser)
A new school rule (e.g., regarding cell phone use, social media, etc.)
A new school club or activity
Changes to the school dress code
Instructions: As a group, complete the following tasks:
1. Formulate a clear statement of your group's opinion on the chosen policy
(1 item).
2. Develop five claims of fact to support your opinion (5 items).
3. Develop five claims of policy to support your opinion (5 items).
4. Develop five claims of value to support your opinion (5 items).
5. Write a concise summary of your group's position (1 item).
6. Identify two potential counterarguments to your position (2 items).
7. Explain how you would address those counterarguments (2 items).
Activity 4: Practice Writing (20 items)
Instructions: Choose ONE of the policies from Activity 3. Write a well-structured
argumentative essay (approximately 500 words) supporting or opposing the
policy. Your essay should include:
1. A clear and concise introduction stating your position (1 item).
2. At least three well-developed body paragraphs, each supporting your
position with evidence and reasoning (3 items).
3. Effective use of modal verbs, evaluative language, and connectives (3
items).
4. A well-developed conclusion that summarizes your argument and restates
your position (1 item).
5. Correct grammar, punctuation, and spelling throughout the essay (12
items).
