Practice Exam 2
1. When an outside sensory input releases epinephrine, it must had passed through the
a. hypothalamus b. pituitary c. adrenal medula d. pancreatic cells
2. Regardless of the input, the tissue that always responds is
a. muscle b. heart c. liver d. adipose
3. If we remove the phosphates from ATP, what is left is
a. adenine b. a nucleoside c. a nucleic base d. a pentose
4. The number of phosphates in pyrophosphate is
a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4
5. The fastest route of ATP formation is through
a. ATP synthase b.PEP c. respiration d. acetyl phosphate
6. The major proteins in muscle tissue are
a. Actin and myosin
b. Actin and collagen
c. Myosin and collagen
d. Actin, myosin and sarcomere
7. Another name for the thick filament is
a. tropomyosin b. troponin c. actin d. myosin
8. The minimum Ca+2 concentration for contraction to occur is
a. 10-7 M b. 10-5 M c. 10-8 M d. 10-3 M
9. The function of Ca+2 is to
a. bind to myosin c. expose troponin binding sites
b. expose actin binding sites d. release Na+ ions
10. ATP in the muscle normally binds to
a. troponin b. tropomyosin c. actin d. myosin
11. The ultimate electron acceptor is
a. H2O b. ATP c. ADP d. O2
12. NAD+ normally receives the hydrogen (to become NADH) as
a. H atom b. hydride c. proton d. H2
13. The standard reduction potentials for NAD+, FAD, pyruvate and O2 are -0.315, - 0.219,
-0.185 and +0.815, respectively. The stronger oxidant is
a. NAD+ b. FAD c. Fe+3 d. O2
14. In the reaction from above between NAD+ and lactate, the electron acceptor should be
a. NAD+ b. NADH c. lactate d. none of the above
15. The monomer of chitin is
a. -glucose b. -glucose c. an amino sugar d. a sulfated sugar
16. Agarose has as a monomer
a. -glucose b. -glucose c. an amino sugar d. a sulfated sugar
17. D-glucose and D-galactose are
a. C2 anomers b. C2 epimers c. C4 epimers d. C4 anomers
18. The number of stereocenters in -D-mannose is
a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6
19. Interconversion of anomers is called
a. epimerization b. anomerization c. enolization d. mutarotation
20. The bond between two glucose units is called
a. hemiacetal b. hemiketal c. acetal d. ketal
21. What statement is true
a. An alditol is a reduced ketose
b. Aldonic acids are made by oxidation of a cyclic sugar
c. Uronic acids are made by oxidation of a cyclic sugar
d. A lactone is made from an uronic acid
22. The oxidation number of C1 in -D-glucopyranose is
b. -1 b. -2 c. +1 d. +2
23. Glycation of hemoglobin initially produce a(n)
a. aldonic acid b. uronic acid c. Schiff base d. lactone
24. A Schiff base is produced by the reaction of
a. 2a amine + ketone c. thiol + acid
b. 2a amine + aldehyde d. ester + amine
25. The reaction of -D-glucopyranose with an alcohol produces a(n)
a. ether b. acetal c. O-glycoside d. all of the above
26. A glycosidic bond in -D-glucopyranose is normally formed at
a. C-1 b. C-2 c. C-3 d. C6
27. An example of a reducing sugar is
a. sucrose b. trehalose c. lactose d. all of the above
28. The polysaccharide with only -1-4 linkage is
a. starch b. amylopectin c. amylose d. glycogen
29. A polysaccharide with unbranched -1-4 linkages is
a. starch b. agarose c. glycogen d. cellulose
30. A protein with high affinity for sugar molecules is
a. glycoprotein b. lectin c. proteoglycan d. agarose
31. Some amino acids that attached to glycoproteins and proteoglycans are
a. polar b. aromatic c. positively charged d. negatively charged
32. The only amino acid that is not involved in bonding to make glycoproteins is
a. Ser b. Thr c. Ala d. Asn
33. If you have AB blood type you can only receive blood from donors that are
a. O, AB b. AB c. O, A, AB d. O, A, B, AB
34. The heat exchanged between the system and the surroundings is called
entropy b. enthalpy c. G d. S
35. In order to calculate free energy in a chemical reaction one only needs
a. H and K b. T and K c. H and T d. G and K
36. Steady state is the same as
a. equilibrium b. homeostasis c. enthalpy d. entropy
37. Serine protease breaks peptide bonds with the help of H2O, thus, is a
a. hydrolase b. transferase c. lyase d. ligase
38. If you want to convert glucose to gluconic acid, the type of enzyme needed is a(n)
a. transferase b. oxidoreductase c. isomerase d. ligase
39. The vitamin present in FAD is
a. B1 b. B2 c. B3 d. B6
40. Other names for folic acid and biotin are vitamins
a. B3 and B9 b. B7 and B5 c. B9 and B7 d. B3 and B6
41. The part of an enzyme that lacks the prosthetic group is called
a. coenzyme b. holoenzyme c. apoenzyme d. afro-enzyme
42. Enzymes achieve rate enhancement by preferentially stabilizing
a. Kmax b. transition state c. G d. binding energy
43. Increase in reaction rates can reach a maximum order of magnitude of
a. 12. b. 15 c. 17 d. 20
44. A Michaelis -Menten plot is made using as coordinates
a. v & [E] b. Vmax & [S] c. Km & Vmax d. v & [S]
45. The turnover number is expressed by
a. Km b. kcat c. kcat/Km d. Km/kcat
46. A measure of enzyme efficiency and substrate specificity is expressed by
a. Km b. kcat c. kcat/Km d. Km/kcat
47. Km and Vmax are different in the inhibition known as
a. irreversible b. reversible c. competitive d. uncompetitive
48. One of the main compounds produced by myeloperoxidase is
a. HClO b. HClO2 c. HClO3 d. HClO4
49. The only fatty acid involved in covalent modification is
a. palmitic b. lauric c. myristic d. oleic
50. Carotene derives from
a. cholesterol b. isoprene c. arachidonic acid d. none of the above
