Reviewer: Purposive Communication ● Timing – appropriateness of delivery

(Module 1)
Definition and Nature of Communication Characteristics of Human
Communication is the sharing, transmitting, Communication
and exchanging of ideas, messages, or
information through verbal or non-verbal ● Continuous and dynamic
means. It is a dynamic, continuous, and ● Starts with the self
transactional process involving mutual ● Irreversible
participation. ● Reciprocal
● Unrepeatable
Quote: “Effective communication is 20% ● Transactional
what you know and 80% how you feel about
what you know.” – Jim Rohn Levels of Communication

Types of Communication 1. Phatic – small talk/greetings (e.g.,

"Hello," "Enjoy your day")
1. Verbal Communication – uses words, 2. Factual – sharing facts or knowledge
dialects, and languages. (e.g., news, biographical info)
2. Non-Verbal Communication – uses 3. Evaluative – sharing opinions or
gestures, facial expressions, body judgments
language, tone, etc. 4. Gut-Level – sharing deep feelings
(emotional intelligence)
Basic Functions of Communication 5. Peak Communication – rare, deep
connection (e.g., close family)
● For interaction
● For increasing knowledge MODULE 2: The Communication Process
● For understanding ourselves and the
world I. Elements of the Communication
● For influencing attitudes and Process
behavior 1. Sender – Source of the message; must
● For decision-making know the purpose and desired outcome.
2. Encoding – Converting the message into
Components of Communication a format suitable for the audience.
● Context – where communication 3. Channel – Medium used (e.g., face-to-
happens face, email, phone).
● Climate – emotional tone 4. Decoding – Receiver interprets the
● Source – sender message.
● Message – verbal or non-verbal 5. Feedback – Response from the receiver
content that helps measure communication
● Channel – medium used success.
● Feedback – response from receiver
● Receiver – decoder of the message
● Interference – distractions
(physical/psychological)
6. Context – Includes relationship, culture, ● Photographs
environment, and situation affecting ● Animation
communication. ● Video
●
II. Communication Theory by S.F. Special Features
Scudder (1980)
● Custom navigation (e.g., hyperlinks)
All living beings communicate in their own ● Can be printed or made into
way (e.g., plants through physical changes, transparencies
animals through gestures/sounds). ● Uploadable to the web

Communication is essential for survival and II. Steps in Making an Effective

connection. Multimedia Presentation

III. Communication Theory Framework 1. Know the purpose.

2. Know your audience.
1. Mechanistic – Transmission from sender 3. Gather information from diverse
to receiver. sources (books, internet, digital media).
2. Psychological – Sharing of thoughts, 4. Cite sources properly.
feelings, reactions. 5. Organize information:
3. Social – Based on interaction and ● One main idea per slide
content. ● Logical order
4. Systemic – Message changes through ● Important info at the top
interpretation and reinterpretation 6. Check technical aspects:
5. Critical – Expression of power and ● Good contrast and readable fonts
authority. ● Consistent design
● Avoid clutter
Module 3 - Communication Aids and 7. Be creative but don’t overdo transitions
Strategies Using Tools of Technology or animations.
8. Create an outline:
I. Multimedia Presentation ● List main and sub-points
● Identify where to insert multimedia
Definition: A presentation that uses ●
multiple forms of media (text, graphics, 9. Develop your presentation using
audio, video, animations, etc.) to convey appropriate media types:
information effectively. ● Digital posters, charts, graphs,
photos, clips, etc.
● Characteristics 10. Practice:
● Visually oriented ● Time management
● Uses various modalities: ● Smooth transitions
● Text ● Avoid awkward pauses
● Graphics
● Audio
III. Pecha Kucha Presentation 5. Practice thoroughly
● Rehearse to maintain timing and
Pecha Kucha is a unique presentation rhythm
format where the speaker shows 20 slides, ● You cannot pause or go back, so
each for 20 seconds, totaling 6 minutes and fluency is key
40 seconds. The slides advance
automatically, and the presenter must time Why Use Pecha Kucha?
their speech to match the visuals.
● Helps keep presentations engaging
Origin: Started in Tokyo, 2003 and to the point
● Encourages creativity and
Created by Astrid Klein and Mark Dytham, discipline
both architects ● Perfect for storytelling and idea
sharing in a limited time
“Pecha Kucha” means “chit-chat” in
Japanese IV. Blogging

Purpose: Promotes concise, focused, and A blog is a personal or professional online

visually engaging presentations journal that includes text, images, videos,
and links. Readers can often comment.
Prevents rambling and forces the speaker to
prepare and rehearse Purpose:
● Personal expression
Key Features: ● Business marketing
● Each slide should have a single ● Boosting search visibility (SEO)
powerful image ● Lead generation
● No text, bullet points, or data ● Building brand authority
charts—just visuals
● Highly visual and timed format Structure:
● Header (navigation)
Tips to Create an Effective Pecha Kucha ● Main content area
● Sidebar (CTAs, profiles)
1. Choose a simple, passionate topic ● Footer (policies, contact info)
● Focus on something you love and
understand Differences from Websites:
2. Stick to one idea per slide
● Organize with a clear beginning, ● Blogs require frequent updates
middle, and end ● Encourage reader engagement
3. Avoid information overload
● Emphasize clarity and impact Who is a Blogger?
4. Use striking visuals
● Let images support and enhance Someone who writes and manages blog
your message content for a target audience
Monetization Strategies: 8 Domains of Language Use
● Ads (e.g., Google AdSense)
● Affiliate marketing Local Domains:
● Selling digital products or
memberships 1. Local Everyday Written – neighborhood
posters
V. Tips for Effective Blogging 2. Local Everyday Oral – informal talk with
neighbors
● Be concise and authentic 3. Local Specialized Written – local
● Ask compelling questions or share newspapers
personal stories 4. Local Specialized Oral – technical talk
● Use CTAs to drive engagement in a local setting (e.g., computer shop)
● Choose a blogging platform (e.g.,
WordPress.org) Global Domains:
● Use reliable web hosting (e.g.,
Bluehost) 5. Global Everyday Written – international
magazines, avoiding local terms
Module 4 - Varieties and Registers of 6. Global Everyday Oral – casual talk with
Spoken and Written Language people from different cultures
7. Global Specialized Written – academic
I. Understanding Language Modes journals
● Spoken Language: Often linked 8. Global Specialized Oral – international
with casual, everyday registers (e.g., conference discussions
conversations, phone calls).
● Written Language: Usually tied to III. Language Varieties (a.k.a. Lects)
academic/formal registers (e.g.,
essays, official letters). Language Variety: Any distinctive form of a
● Overlap: Face-to-face conversations language (dialect, register, jargon, idiolect)
may include text messaging;
academic settings may include oral Common Types of Lects:
presentations. 1. Dialect – Regional or social variety (e.g.,
Appalachian English)
II. Nature of Language Variation 2. Register – Language used for a specific
(Lin, 2016 & Mahboob, 2014) Language purpose or setting (formal, informal, neutral)
varies across: 3. Jargon – Specialized language of a
1. Context (local vs global) profession (e.g., legal or medical terms)
2. Mode (spoken vs written) 4. Sociolect – Language tied to a social
3. Purpose (everyday vs specialized) group/class
5. Ethnolect – Language linked to an ethnic
group (e.g., Ebonics)
6. Idiolect – One’s unique personal
language style
IV. Cultural Sensitivity & Bias-Free
Language Key Concepts:
1. All media are constructed.
Language should be inclusive and 2. Media messages use a creative
respectful of: language with its own rules.
3. Audiences interpret messages
● Race & Ethnicity differently.
● Gender & Sexual Orientation 4. Media have embedded values and
● Social Class viewpoints.
● Age 5. Media are constructed to gain profit
● Disabilities and/or power.
● Avoid stereotypes and discriminatory
language in all forms of III. Evaluating Television and Online
communication. Content

V. Evaluating Media and Cultural ● Ask: What is the message of the

Messages text?(e.g., in commercials, what
values, emotions, or actions are
● Communication is multimodal: being promoted?)
involves text, visuals, audio, ● Analyze both explicit (clear) and
gestures, etc. implicit (hidden) meanings.
● Always evaluate media messages
critically, especially in multicultural IV. Language Pronunciation and Cultural
contexts. Variation

REVIEWER: Module 5 - Evaluating ● Philippine English: Syllable-timed

Messages and Images Across Cultures (every vowel pronounced)
● American English: Stress-timed
I. Learning Goal (blends or drops syllables)

● Analyze media messages and Example Differences:

images using the Media Literacy
Framework “Gotcha!” vs “Got you!”
● Create a multi-modal “Where'd you go?” vs “Where did you go?”
advertisement for a cause-oriented
event Miscommunication may arise from
pronunciation differences.
II. Media Literacy Framework

Text: Any communication using language or

symbols to convey meaning (written,
spoken, visual, or electronic).
V. Formal vs. Informal Language Examples of Online Media:

Depends on: ● YouTube – Video-sharing

● Twitter – Microblogging, public
● Purpose of communication discourse
● Relationship with audience ● Memes – Spread of cultural ideas;
● Context (professional, academic, often humorous, but influential
casual)
“Communication is a skill that you can
VI. Linguistic Landscape learn... if you’re willing to work at it, you
can rapidly improve the quality of every
Definition: Visible use of languages in part of your life.”
public spaces (e.g., signage, billboards, — Brian Tracy
graffiti)

Types of Signs:

1. Regulatory – Official/legal (e.g., no

parking)
2. Infrastructural – Maintenance-related
(e.g., elevator signs)
3. Commercial – Advertising (e.g., store
ads)
4. Transgressive – Violates norms (e.g.,
misplaced signs, graffiti)

VII. Geosemiotics

● Study of the social meaning of the

placement of signs
● Includes any symbolic form:
language, art, visuals in specific
physical spaces

VIII. Online Landscape

Communication through: Email,

messaging, forums, video calls, and social
media
Netizens: Citizens of the internet or digital
world