IOT-BASED GEOLOCATION WITH AN
E-TICKETING REAL-TIME CROWD INFORMATION
SYSTEM
PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
SRI RANGA RAJ B 962821106051
In partial fulfilment for the award of the degree
of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, NAGERCOIL
(A CONSTITUENT COLLEGE OF ANNA UNIVERISTY, CHENNAI)
NAGERCOIL - 629004
ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI 600 025
MAY 2025
ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI 600 025
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
Certified that this project report “IOT-BASED GEOLOCATION WITH AN
E-TICKETING REAL-TIME CROWD INFORMATION SYSTEM” is the
bonafide work of “SRI RANGA RAJ B (962821106051)” who carried out the
project work under my supervision.
SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
Dr. S. LENTY STUWART M.Tech., Ph.D., Ms. M. SUBHA M.E.,
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT PROJECT SUPERVISOR
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
Department of Electronics Department of Electronics
and Communication Engineering and Communication Engineering
University College Of University College Of
Engineering, Engineering,
Nagercoil – 629 004 Nagercoil – 629 004
Submitted for project viva-voce examination held at University College
of Engineering Nagercoil on _____________________
INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER
ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
All praises and blessings belong to The Almighty God, source of all
knowledge for his gracious presence and guidance that enabled us to work with
effort and complete the project in time.
We wish to express our sincere thanks and profound sense of gratitude to
Th. C. SAMAYA MOORTHY, I.A.S Secretary to Government, Higher
Education Department, Government of Tamil Nadu Tmt. J. INNOCENT
DIVYA, I.A.S. Commissioner of Technical Education, Directorate of Technical
Education, Government of Tamil Nadu Dr. S. USA Professor and Chairperson,
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Anna university, Chennai for providing all
facilities to do our project inside the college campus.
It is indeed a great pleasure to express our sincere thanks to our Dean
Dr. V. A. NAGARAJAN, M.E., Ph.D., for his sincere guidance and
encouragement in all aspect of the project. We also convey heartfelt thanks to
our Head of the Department, Dr. S. LENTY STUWART, M.Tech., Ph.D.,
for his encouragement and support to complete our project. It is a
pleasure to express our sincere gratitude to our project coordinator.
Mrs. N. BATHLIN NELMIN, M.E., Teaching Fellow of Department of
Electronics and Communication Engineering for her guidance, support and
encouragement throughout the course of our project. It is a pleasure to express
our sincere gratitude to our project Ms. M. SUBHA M.E., Assistant Professor
of Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering for her guidance,
support and encouragement throughout the course of our project.
We wish to convey our sincere thanks to all the teaching and non teaching
staff of the ECE department. Our heartfelt gratitude and thanks our parents and
friends for their perceptual support.
iii
ABSTRACT
This project presents the design and implementation of a real-time Bus
Ticketing and Tracking System using the Raspberry Pi Pico W microcontroller
integrated with various peripheral modules such as the MFRC522 RFID reader,
NEO-6M GPS, keypad, and I2C LCD display. The system aims to automate
passenger identification, ticket data entry, and live location tracking of buses
while maintaining centralized data storage and seamless user interaction. Each
passenger is identified using an RFID card, and corresponding seat details are
entered via a 4×4 matrix keypad by the conductor. Simultaneously, the GPS
module provides geolocation data, and the LCD offers visual feedback to the
conductor. All collected data, including the RFID UID, seat number, GPS
coordinates, and timestamp, is transmitted to a backend server over Wi-Fi using
HTTP POST requests via the urequest library in MicroPython. The backend is
powered by MongoDB and a Node.js + Express.js API, which stores and
manages real-time information such as bus occupancy and geolocation. A
React/React Native frontend fetches this data and displays it through a user-
friendly interface with live maps, seat availability, and journey insights. This
integrated solution enhances public transport efficiency by reducing manual
intervention, minimizing data errors, and providing transparent tracking for both
passengers and transport authorities. The system is scalable, secure, and
adaptable for urban and rural transportation networks.
iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.
ABSTRACT iv
LIST OF FIGURES viii
LIST OF ABBREVIATION xi
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.2 OBJECTIVE 2
1.3 NEED FOR THE PROJECT 2
1.4 OVERVIEW OF THE SYSTEM 3
1.5 INTERNET OF THING (IoT) IN 4
PUBLIC TRANSPORT
2 LITERATURE SURVEY 5
3 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
3.1 EXISTING SYSTEM 9
3.1.1 Manual or Electronic Ticketing 10
Process
3.1.2 Absence of Real-Time Location 10
Tracking
3.1.3 Lack of Passenger 10
Identification
3.1.4 No Occupancy or Crowd 10
v
Monitoring
3.1.5 No Notification or Alert System 11
3.1.6 Limited Administrative 12
Oversight and Analytics
3.2 PROPOSED SYSTEM 12
3.3 METHODOLOY 15
3.4 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE 17
3.5 ADVANTAGES OF THE 18
PROPOSED SYSTEM
4 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
DESCRIPTION
4.1 HARDWARE COMPONENTS 19
4.1.1 Input Modules 19
4.1.2 Processing Unit 27
4.1.3 Output Module 32
4.2 SOFTWARE COMPONENTS 35
4.2.1 Embedded Software 35
4.2.2 Backend Software 37
4.2.3 Frontend Software 41
5 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
5.1 HARDWARE SETUP 43
5.1.1 Working Principle 45
5.2 SOFTWARE SETUP 47
5.2.1 Setting up Thonny and 47
Micro Python
5.2.2 Setting up Backend with 50
vi
Node.js and Express.js
5.2.3 Setting up MongoDB and 52
MongoDB Compass
5.2.4 Setting up React Native 53
Application
6 RESULT AND DISSCUSSION
6.1 RESULTS 55
7 CONCLUSION
7.1 CONCLUSION 58
7.2 FUTURE SCOPE 59
REFERENCE 61
vii
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE NO. TITLE PAGE NO.
3.1 Existing system printed ticket booklets 9
3.2 Existing system Electronic Ticketing 11
Machines
3.3 Wifi Connectivity 13
3.4 IoT Integration 13
3.5 Proposed System Block Diagram 16
4.1 Neo-6M Gps Module 20
4.2 Neo-6M Pin Configuration 21
4.3 Robodo M015 Keypad 22
4.4 Robodo Keypad Configuration 23
4.5 MRFC 522 RFID Module 24
4.6 MRFC 522 RFID Module Pin Configuration 26
4.7 Raspberry Pi Pico H 27
4.8 Raspberry Pi Pico Pin Configuration 28
4.9 LCD Display Module 32
4.10 I2C Module 33
4.11 I2C to Display Pin Configuration and 34
Connection
4.12 Thonny IDE 35
viii
4.13 Micro Python 36
4.14 Node Js 38
4.15 Express Js 39
4.16 Mongo DB 40
4.17 Mongoose JS 41
4.18 React Native 42
5.1 Hardware setup of system 43
5.2 Work Flow of the System 46
5.3 Installing the Interpreter and Micro-python 47
5.4 Installing Packages and libraries required 48
5.5 Initial Setup of the different components with 49
Pico
5.6 Thonny Program Setup and Working 49
5.7 Backend API Deployment 50
5.8 Node.js and express.js Setup 51
5.9 Bus Detail Collection 52
5.10 User Detail Collection 52
5.11 Mongo Compass setup 53
5.12 React-Native Setup 54
6.1 Serial Monitor Output 55
ix
6.2 Illustrates the LCD display showing the user- 56
entered message or data after RFID scanning
.
6.3 Mobile app interface 57
x
LIST OF ABBREVIATION
IoT Internet of Things
RFID Radio Frequency Identification
GPS Global Positioning System
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit
SPI Serial Peripheral Interface
UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter
PWM Pulse Width Modulation
ADC Analog-to-Digital Converter
RTC Real-Time Clock
LED Light Emitting Diode
PPS Pulse Per Second
GPIO General Purpose Input/Output
IDE Integrated Development Environment
API Application Programming Interface
HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
JSON JavaScript Object Notation
ODM Object Data Modeling
CRUD Create, Read, Update, Delete
Npm Node Package Manager
UI User Interface
UX User Experience
Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity
xi
GSM Global System for Mobile Communication
GPRS General Packet Radio Service
HTTPS Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure
Expo Expo Command Line Interface
JS JavaScript
CLI Command Line Interface
xii
