CURRENT AFFAIRS-VALUE ADDITION (CA-VA)

PRELIMS MICRO TEST (PMT) - 10

Scan to Challenge
Question/Provide Feedback

1. With reference to thermal fogging, consider 3. Consider the following statements regarding
the following statements: the National Heart Failure Registry (NHFR):
1. Thermal fogging kills all mosquitoes, 1. NHFR primarily aims to monitor the
while cold fogging kills none. prevalence of heart failure in the urban
2. Thermal fogging requires constant population of India.
supervision by trained operators while 2. It is aligned with the Stockholm
cold fogging can be automatic. Declaration on Heart Failure.
3. Thermal fogging produces finer droplets 3. It integrates with the government’s
Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana
than cold fogging, making it more
to monitor the cost-effectiveness of
effective for outdoor vector control.
heart failure treatments across different
4. Thermal fogging consumes more regions.
insecticide than cold fogging due to the
need for fuel-based carriers. How many of the above statement(s) is/are
5. Both thermal and cold fogging incorrect?
techniques are equally effective in (a) Only one
windy conditions. (b) Only two
(c) Only three
How many of the statements given above are (d) All four
correct?
4. Which one of the following statements
(a) Only two correctly explains the Carrington Event, often
(b) Only three mentioned in space weather discussions?
(c) Only four (a) A rare planetary alignment event
(d) All five that significantly amplifies the Sun’s
2. Arrange the following solar cell types in the gravitational influence, affecting Earth’s
correct order of energy conversion efficiency, climate and weather patterns.
starting from the most efficient to the least (b) A solar superstorm caused by an extreme
efficient in large-scale solar energy systems: coronal mass ejection (CME) in 1859,
which disrupted telegraph systems and
1. Thin-Film Solar Cells produced intense auroras on Earth.
2. Monocrystalline Solar Cells (c) A catastrophic asteroid impact
3. Polycrystalline Solar Cells recorded in the 19th century, leading to
4. Bifacial Solar Cells widespread atmospheric disturbances
Select the correct answer using the code given and influencing global temperature
below: fluctuations.
(a) 1, 2, 3, 4 (d) A gamma-ray burst (GRB) from a distant
supernova that temporarily affected
(b) 2, 4, 3, 1
Earth’s magnetosphere, disrupting
(c) 2, 3, 4, 1
communication systems and increasing
(d) 4, 2, 3, 1
radiation exposure.

Vivekananda House: Mukherjee Nagar: BHOPAL CENTRE: JAIPUR CENTRE: PRAYAGRAJ

6-B, Pusa Road, Metro 1422, Main Mukherjee Plot No. 46 Zone Plot No. 6 & 7, 3rd CENTRE: IInd Floor
Floor, Sree Gopal 31/31, Sardar Patel
Pillar no. 111, Near Karol Nagar Road, Near - 2, M.P Nagar,
Nagar, Gopalpura Marg, Civil Lines
Bagh Metro, New Batra Cinema, New Bhopal - 462011
Bypass, Prayagraj,
CA-VA Delhi-110060 Delhi-110009 1
Phone: 8827664612, Jaipur - 302015 WWW
Uttar www.nextias.com
Pradesh-211001
Phone: 8081300200 Phone: 8081300200 8081300200 Phone: 9358200511 Ph. 9958857757
5. Consider the following statements regarding 4. Quantum Dots Light-Emitting Diodes
shallow and deep focus earthquakes: (QLEDs) offer better color accuracy and
1. Shallow earthquakes have higher energy efficiency than Organic LEDs
magnitudes, while deep focus (OLEDs).
earthquakes typically result in lower Which of the statements given above are
magnitudes despite the higher energy
correct?
release.
2. Deep focus earthquakes are more (a) 1 and 3 only
common in subduction zones and often (b) 2, 3 and 4 only
result in larger tsunamis than shallow (c) 1, 2, and 3 only
earthquakes. (d) 3 and 4 only
3. Shallow focus earthquakes are more 8. With reference to Human Immunodeficiency
frequent and are typically associated Virus (HIV), consider the following
with divergent and transform plate statements:
boundaries.
1. HIV primarily infects CD4 T
How many of the above statements is/are lymphocytes, weakening the immune
correct? system over time.
(a) Only one 2. HIV, classified under the Retrovirus
(b) Only two family, directly integrates its RNA into
(c) All three the host genome for replication.
(d) None 3. Cysteine-Cysteine Chemokine Receptor
6. Consider the following statements regarding 5 (CCR5) is an essential receptor for
Artificial Sweeteners: HIV entry into human cells, with no
1. All artificial sweeteners are zero-calorie known alternative co-receptors.
substances. 4. India has witnessed a notable decline in
2. Artificial sweeteners can be used as HIV infections and AIDS-related deaths
flavour enhancers in processed foods. over the years due to sustained public
3. Stevia is a synthetic sweetener derived health efforts.
from chemical processes.
4. Sucralose is a chemically modified Which of the statements given above is/are
sugar but is not metabolized by the correct?
human body. (a) 1 and 4 only
5. Aspartame is heat-stable and widely (b) 1, 3, and 4 only
used in baking and high-temperature (c) 2 and 3 only
cooking. (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Which of the statements given above are 9. Consider the following factors:
correct?
1. Reduced engine efficiency
(a) 1, 2, and 4 only 2. Weaker air pressure and density
(b) 2 and 4 only 3. Limited emergency landing options
(c) 2, 3, and 5 only
4. Strong jet streams
(d) 1, 3, and 5 only
5. Unpredictable and extreme weather
7. Consider the following statements regarding conditions
Quantum Dots (QDs):
How many of the above factors contribute
1. Quantum confinement causes larger QDs
to the difficulty of flying over the Tibetan
to emit photons of shorter wavelengths.
2. QDs require external cooling, limiting Plateau?
their commercial applications. (a) Only two
3. They are used in next-generation (b) Only three
photovoltaic cells to enhance solar (c) Only four
energy conversion. (d) All five

CA-VA 2 WWW www.nextias.com

10. In the context of sewage treatment and water (b) A bio-based binder derived from organic
pollution control, which of the following waste, used as a sustainable replacement
statements are correct? for petroleum-based bitumen in road
1. Coagulation-flocculation is a physical construction.
process that removes dissolved organic (c) A biodegradable polymer extracted from
pollutants from sewage. algae, primarily used in making flexible
2. Trickling filters and rotating biological packaging and industrial coatings.
contactors are biological treatment (d) A bio-composite material synthesized
methods used in STPs. from crop residues, mainly used in
3. Tertiary treatment in STPs involves the insulating buildings and soundproofing
use of chlorination or UV radiation for walls.
pathogen removal. 13. Consider the following statements regarding
Select the correct answer using the codes Deep Space Optical Communication:
given below: 1. It uses laser technology for faster data
(a) 1 and 2 only transmission compared to traditional
(b) 2 and 3 only communication methods.
(c) 1 and 3 only 2. It relies on infrared light, offering a
(d) 1, 2, and 3 more efficient and higher-bandwidth
communication channel.
11. Consider the following statements regarding
3. Chandrayaan-3 was the world’s first
Nuclear Fusion Reactors:
mission to demonstrate deep-space
1. ITER (International Thermonuclear optical communication.
Experimental Reactor) is the world’s 4. Unlike RF communication, DSOC is
first operational nuclear fusion reactor not affected by weather conditions such
designed to generate more energy than as clou ds and atmospheric turbulence.
it consumes.
2. A Tokamak device is a type of nuclear How many of the statements given above is/
fusion reactor that uses magnetic fields are correct?
to confine hot plasma and sustain the (a) Only two
fusion process. (b) Only three
3. Fusion reactors are considered less (c) All four
safer than fission reactors, as nuclear (d) None
fusion produces an immense amount of 14. Consider the following statements:
energy.- reactor accident
4. Nuclear fusion reactions generally Statement-I: Flue Gas Desulphurization
generate large amounts of nuclear waste (FGD) systems can remove up to 95% of
that remain radioactive for thousands of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) emissions from coal-
years, similar to fission reactions. fired power plants.
How many of the above statements is/ are Statement-II: FGD primarily relies on the
correct? injection of dry alkaline sorbents into the flue
(a) Only one gas stream, which chemically reacts with SO₂
(b) Only two to form inert compounds.
(c) Only three In the context of the above statements, which
(d) All four of the following is correct?
12. Which of the following best describes Bio- (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
Bitumen, often seen in the news? correct, and Statement-II is the correct
(a) A plant-based resin used as an eco- explanation for Statement-I.
friendly alternative to plastic in (b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
road construction and waterproofing correct, and Statement-II is not the
applications. correct explanation for Statement-I.

CA-VA 3 WWW www.nextias.com

 (c) Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II 2. The introduction of GM Rubber aims to
is incorrect. improve latex production and enhance
(d) Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement- resilience to climate change.
II is correct. 3. GM Rubber has been approved for
15 . Consider the following triplets - large-scale commercial cultivation in
India.
Vitamins Chemical Name Functions 4. Tripura was the first state in India to
1. Vitamin A I. Ascorbic Acid A. Essential conduct field trials of GM Rubber.
for gene 5. Brazil is a major producer of GM rubber
expression and has commercialized its cultivation.
2. Vitamin E II. Tocopherol B. Anti- Select the correct answer using the codes
oxidant given below:
3. Vitamin K III. Retinol C. (a) 1 and 2 only
Facilitates (b) 1, 3, and 5 only
iron
(c) 2, 4, and 5 only
absorption
(d) 1, 2, and 4 only
4. Vitamin C IV. Phylloquinone D. Produces
proteins 18. Consider the following commonly consumed
aiding materials:
Blood 1. Non-Stick Cookware
Clotting 2. Fairness Cream
How many of the above pairs is/ are correctly 3. Soft Drinks
matched? 4. Chinese Fast Food
5. Dental fillings
(a) Only one
(b) Only two How many of the above contain mercury as
(c) Only three an unwanted chemical?
(d) All four (a) Only two
16. Consider the following statements regarding (b) Only three
advantages of nano-bubble technology: (c) Only four
(d) All five
1. Enhances plant growth and nutrient
uptake. 19. Which of the following best describes an AI
2. Increases dissolved oxygen levels in agent?
aquaculture. (a) A program that actively collects data,
3. Facilitates the removal of heavy metals processes information, and provides
from industrial wastewater. insights to assist human decision-
4. Improves the efficiency of medical making.
imaging techniques. (b) A system that interacts with its
environment, processes inputs, and takes
How many of the above statement(s) is/ are
goal-directed actions autonomously.
correct?
(c) A machine learning model that is
(a) Only one designed to recognize patterns and
(b) Only two follow pre-programmed decision rules.
(c) Only three (d) A rule-based system that efficiently
(d) All four applies predefined logic to solve
17. In the Context of Genetically Modified (GM) complex problems.
Rubber in India and Globally, which of the 20. A country with abundant fossil fuel reserves,
following statements are correct? large-scale Carbon Capture and Storage
1. The Rubber Research Institute of India (CCS) technology, and limited solar potential
(RRII) developed GM Rubber with a is debating between investing in Green
gene from E. coli. Hydrogen ( produce using Produced using

CA-VA 4 WWW www.nextias.com

 renewables + electrolysis) or Blue Hydrogen 4. Chinese Yes Chinese fast
(produce using Produced using natural gas + Fast Food food, particularly
CCS). Which of the following factors would seafood-based
most favour Blue Hydrogen over Green dishes, can contain
Hydrogen in this country? methylmercury due
to marine pollution.
(a) Better global market demand for Blue Mercury
Hydrogen compared to Green Hydrogen. bioaccumulates
(b) Higher water consumption in Blue in fish like
Hydrogen production compared to tuna, shark, and
Green Hydrogen. swordfish.
(c) Lower land requirement for solar 5. Dental Yes Amalgam dental
farms compared to Green Hydrogen Fillings fillings contain
about 50%
production.
mercury, which
(d) Absence of infrastructure for Carbon can release vapours
Capture and Storage (CCS) technology. over time.
21. Consider the following pairs: Which of the pairs given above are correctly
Common Possible Explanation matched?
Material Presence of (a) 1 and 2 only
Mercury? (b) 1, 2, and 4 only
1. Non-Stick No Non-stick (c) 2, 3, and 4 only
Cookware cookware is (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
usually made from 22. With reference to modern Bluetooth-
Teflon (PTFE),
based cyber threats, consider the following
which contains
statements:
fluoropolymers, not
mercury. However, 1. Bluesnarfing is an attack that allows
overheating Teflon an attacker to extract data from a
can release toxic Bluetooth-enabled device without the
fumes, but not user’s consent.
mercury. 2. Bluejacking involves taking full control
2. Fairness Yes Some skin- of a Bluetooth device remotely to
Cream lightening creams execute unauthorized commands.
contain mercury- 3. Bluetooth Impersonation Attacks
based compounds (BIAS) exploit weak authentication
(e.g., mercurous mechanisms to trick devices into
chloride, accepting malicious connections.
ammoniated 4. Brute-force pairing attacks are
mercury) to ineffective against Bluetooth 5.0 and
inhibit melanin
above due to enhanced encryption
production.
mechanisms.
3. Soft Yes Certain high-
Drinks fructose corn syrup Select the correct answer using the code given
(HFCS)-based soft below:
drinks have been (a) 1 and 3 only
found to contain (b) 2 and 4 only
trace amounts of (c) 1, 3, and 4 only
mercury, likely due (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
to contaminated
production 23. The term “backpropagation” is often seen in
processes. the news in the context of:
Eg: fruit-flavoured (a) Quantum computing and its applications
sodas in cryptography.

CA-VA 5 WWW www.nextias.com

 (b) Machine learning, particularly in the Which of the statements given above is/are
training of artificial neural networks. correct?
(c) Blockchain technology and decentralized (a) 1 only
finance (DeFi) applications. (b) 2 only
(d) Biotechnology and advancements in (c) Both 1 and 2
genetic engineering. (d) Neither 1 nor 2
24. In the context of hereditary diseases, consider 25. In the context of wearable technology, which
the following statements: of the following tasks is/are accomplished by
1. Passing on mitochondrial diseases wearable devices?
from parent to child can be prevented 1. Location identification of a person
by mitochondrial replacement therapy 2. Sleep monitoring of a person
either before or after in vitro fertilization 3. Assisting the hearing impaired person
of the egg.
Select the correct answer using the code given
2. A child inherits mitochondrial diseases
below:
entirely from mother and not from
father. (a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

nnnn

CA-VA 6 WWW www.nextias.com