3 marks
Unit 1
a) Explain therapeutic index and give its significance.
d) Define agonist, antagonist & partial antagonist.
b) Define drug, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics.
e) Define efficacy, affinity, and therapeutic index.
f) Write in detail sources and active ingredient of drugs.
e) Explain enzyme induction and enzyme inhibition with example.
Unit 2
b) Explain drug addiction with suitable example
f) Define & explain the importance of pharmacovigilance.
b) Define and classify drug antagonism with example.
c) Define Tachyphylaxis and give two examples.
f) Define and Classify Drug Interactions.
g) Define drug dependence with example.
f) What do you mean by clinical trials? Enlist phases of clinical trials.
Unit 3
c) Enlist the difference between sympathomimetic & parasympathomimetic
agents.
c) What is the enteric nervous system?
g) Give therapeutic uses of atropine
Unit 4
d) Define hypnotics and give two examples.
b) Classify sedative & hypnotics.
Unit 5
a) What are CNS stimulants? Write their examples and uses.
g) Define anxiety. Write the classification of antianxiety drugs.
e) Explain why levodopa is combined with carbidopa.
10 marks
Unit 1
b) Write in detail the process of drug distribution. Describe the role of
plasma protein in the drug distribution.
a) Explain in detail various routes of administration with their advantages
and disadvantages.
a) What is drug absorption? Describe various mechanisms of drug absorption and
explain factors affecting absorption.
Unit 2
d) What is receptor? Give different types of receptors and explain G protein
couple receptor.
c) Define & classify drug interaction. Explain pharmacokinetic &
Pharmacodynamic drug interaction with example.
c) Define and Classify Clinical Trials with details of design and data collected.
Add a note on Pharmacovigilance.
Unit 3
a) Define & classify parasympathomimetic agents with suitable example.
Explain the biosynthesis, storage, release, and metabolism of acetylcholine.
b) Define & classify adrenergic drugs with suitable example on the basis of their
therapeutic uses. Explain pharmacological details of adrenaline.
b) Classify sympatholytics. Write mechanism of action, pharmacological action,
adverse effects, and uses of propranolol.
Unit 4
c) Classify antiepileptic. Discuss mechanism of action, pharmacological
action, therapeutic uses, and adverse drug reactions of hydantoins.
b) Define and Classify sedatives and Hypnotics with examples and write
Pharmacological effects and uses of them.
Unit 5
d) Classify opioid analgesic & write pharmacological details of morphine.
c) Discuss the pharmacology of Parkinson's diseases.
5 marks
Unit 1
g) Define drug distribution, write factors affecting it and add a note on volume of
distribution.
i) Define drug metabolism and write a note on Phase-I reaction.
a) Write a note on transport of drug across plasma membrane.
c) Explain factors affecting drug absorption.
Unit 2
d) Write a note on adverse drug reactions.
g) Discuss phases of clinical trials
c) Explain G-protein coupled receptor with example.
e) Explain pharmacokinetic terms Bioavailability and Half-life in detail.
j) Define & classify drug interaction. Explain drug receptor interaction.
j) Write a note on various receptors.
i) What is rational drug therapy? Which important points are considered before
beginning of any drug therapy?
b) Write about process of development of new drug.
Unit 3
h) Write a note on skeletal muscle relaxant.
i) Pharmacotherapy of Myasthenia gravis.
h) Classify various beta blockers. Describe clinical uses of beta blockers.
e) Define & classify sympathomimetics. Write a note on amphetamines.
Unit 4
a) Write the pharmacology of dopamine.
c) Define & classify local anaesthetics. Explain MOA & adverse effects of
lignocaine.
i) Define general anaesthetics & explain pre-anaesthetic medication.
a) Write MOA, Adverse Effects and Clinical uses of Aspirin.
c) Define and classify general Anaesthetics and write a note on stages of
anaesthesia and different phases of general anaesthetics.
j) Define & classify antiepileptic, Write MOA & therapeutic uses & adverse
effects of phenytoin and valproic acid.
a) Classify antiepileptic drugs. Describe the mechanism of action, therapeutic uses
g) Enlist various neurotransmitters of CNS & explain neurohumoral transmission.
Unit 5
e) Define & classify antidepressant, add a note on MAO inhibitors.
f) Enumerate opioid analgesics. Describe the therapeutic uses and adverse
effects of morphine.
b) Define and classify antipsychotic drugs. Write uses, MOA, and ADR of
Chlorpromazine.
e) Discuss the term anxiety and add note on anxiolytics.
f) Classify various drugs used for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Explain why
levodopa is combined with carbidopa.
h) Define antidepressants & write uses, adverse effects of tricyclic antidepressants.
DUNNO
b) Write a brief note on barbiturate poisoning.
g) Write a note on Dale's vasomotor reversal.
f) Organophosphate poisoning.
