COMPARATIVES IN ENGLISH: ADJECTIVE RULES AND

SENTENCES

In English, we use comparative adjectives when comparing two people or things. It is very...
it's important to know the rules that are followed to form comparative adjectives and therefore this
The lesson begins by showing the grammar of this topic.

If we remember the adjectives we saw in the basic English course, we can take some of them.
to help us explain the following.

RULES FOR FORMATIONCOMPARATIVES IN ENGLISH

1.-Short adjectives

For most one-syllable adjectives (short adjectives), we add the ending "-er" to
to form its comparative:

Examples:

small / smaller (small / smaller)

cool / cooler (fresh / fresher)
cheap
fast (quick / quicker)
clean / cleaner cleaner

Although the rule is simply to add "-er" at the end, in some cases of short adjectives there are
the following exceptions:

a) For short adjectives ending in '-e', just add '-r':

Examples:

wide
nice (pleasant / more pleasant)
safe (safe / safer)

b) For short adjectives that end in a vowel and a consonant, double the consonant and
add '-er':

Examples:

fat (fat / fatter)

slim
big big / bigger
c) For short adjectives ending in '-y', change the 'y' to 'i' and add the '-er' ending:

Examples:

dry (dry / drier)

heavy / heavier (heavy / heavier)
feliz

2.- Long adjectives

For many adjectives with 2 or more syllables, we use 'more' plus the original adjective:

more + adjective

Examples:

expensive
beautiful beautiful / more beautiful
generous (generous / more generous)

3.- Adjectives with special comparative

Some adjectives have a special comparative form:

Examples:

bueno
bad (bad / worse)

Having learned the essential rules for forming comparatives, we can now delve into the
basic structure for making sentences.

MAKING COMPARISONS IN SENTENCES

AFFIRMATIONS:

For affirmative sentences, we use the word 'than' after the comparative to make the
comparison:
Examples singular:

Victor is taller than Adrian.

Víctor is taller than Adrián.

Marcela is uglier than Karla.

Marcela is uglier than Karla.
He is more extroverted than John.
He is more outgoing than Juan.

Megan is more attractive than Britney.

Megan is more attractive than Britney.

Examples plural:

Those shoes are better than yours.

Those shoes are better than yours

Elephants are bigger than tigers.

Elephants are larger than tigers.

The books are more interesting than movies.

Books are more interesting than movies.

Apples are more expensive than oranges.

The apples are more expensive than the oranges

As can be seen in these examples, in the first four we compare in singular and in the second
The set of examples showed plurals, I wanted to present them this way to differentiate the use of the auxiliary from
the verb "to be" in both cases: when we talk about singular "is" and in plural "are".

Note: When we don't mention the 2 things, 'than' is not used.

Examples:
That book is cheaper That book is cheaper
My bed is more comfortable. My bed is more comfortable
Those wheels are worse Those tires are worse.
These computers are faster These computers are faster

MAKING COMPARISONS WITH 'LESS':

So far, examples of sentences have been seen in which comparisons were made with 'more',
but it is also possible to make comparatives of 'less' by placing the word 'less' before
long adjectives. In this case, the adjective does not change.

less + adjective
Examples:

This country is less dangerous than yours.

This country is less dangerous than yours

Paty is less extroverted than Mary.

Patricia is less outgoing than María.

The books are less interesting than movies

Books are less interesting than movies.

Oranges are less expensive than apples.

Oranges are cheaper than apples.

MAKING COMPARISONS IN SENTENCES

NEGATIVES:

In negative sentences, we use the negation form of the verb 'to be' and the structure 'as adjective as'.
depending on whether we speak in singular or plural.

Singular examples:

I'm not as fat as John.

I am not as fat as Juan.

Lucy is not as shy as Kate.

Luci is not as shy as Kate.

Avatar is not as good as Titanic.

Avatar is not as good as Titanic

A cake is not as tasty as ice cream.

(A cake is not as tasty as snow)

Examples plural:
Scary movies are not as fun as comedies.
Horror movies are not as fun as comedies.

Dogs are not as clean as cats.

Dogs are not as clean as cats.

Tablets are not as useful as smartphones.

Tablets are not as useful as smartphones.
Cars are not as heavy as airplanes.
Cars are not as heavy as airplanes.

Note that in this type of sentences, the rules of the comparative are not followed, that is, the...
adjective to no other form but is placed just as seen in the list of adjectives from the course of
basic English.

LIST OF COMPARATIVES

Adjective Comparative Translation into Spanish

angry angrier angry, upset

bad worse bad

big bigger big

bitter more bitter bitter, sour

bland blender so so

bloody bloodier bloody

blue bluer depressed

bold bolder bold

bossy bossier bossy, authoritarian

brave braver brave

brief briefer brief

bright brighter brilliant, luminous

broad broader wide, broad

busy busier busy, hectic

calm calmer calm, peaceful

cheap cheap cheap

chewy chewier rubbery, gummy

chubby chubbier unpleasant

elegant classier elegant

clean cleaner clean, healthy

clear clear clear, clear sky

clever more clever ready, clever

close closer search

cloudy cloudier cloudy

clumsy clumsier clumsy

coarse coarser rough, rude

cold colder cold

cool cooler cool, cold

crazy crazier crazy

creamy creamier creamy

creepy creepier spooky, disgusting

crispy crispier crunchy

cruel crueler cruel

crunchy crunchier crispy

curly curly curly, frizzy

curvy curvier curved

cute cuter tuna (delicious)

damp damper humid

dark darker dark, brown

deadly deadlier mortal

deep deeper deep

dense denser dense

dirty dirtier dirty

dry drier dry

dull duller bored

dumb dumber stupid

dusty dustier dusty

early earlier early, soon

easy easier easy

faint fainter leve, ligero, tenue

fair fairer clear, serene, fair

fancy fancier luxurious

far further / farther far, distant

fast faster fast, quick

fat fatter fat

few fewer few

fierce fiercer fierce, relentless

filthy filthier disgusting, obscene

fine finer fine

company firmer firm, strict

fit fitter apt

flaky flakier chipped

flat flatter flat, smooth, level

fresh freshman fresh, new

pleasant, kind
friendly friendlier
nice

full fuller full, complete

funny funnier funny, curious, strange

gentle gentler tender, affectionate

gloomy gloomier dark, dejected, fallen

good better good

grand grander grandiose, ambitious

grave grave grave

greasy greasier greasy

great greater great, brilliant

greedy greedier greedy, covetous

gross grosser disgusting, rude

guilty guiltier culpable

grave graver grave

greasy greasier greasy

great greater great, awesome

greedy greedier greedy, eager

hairy hairier velvet, hairy

handy handier practical, useful

happy happier happy, content, cheerful

hard harder hard, difficult

harsh harsher rough, hard

healthy healthier healthy

heavy heavier heavy, thick

high higher high

hip hipper modern

hot hotter caliente, caluroso

humble humbler humble

hungry hungrier hungry

icy icier ice cream, cold

itchy itchier spicy

juicy juicier juicy

kind children kind, benevolent

large larger big

late later late, overdue

lazy lazier sloth

light lighter light, clear

little litter small

lively livelier animated, alive

long longer long

loud louder strong, loud

lovely lovelier precioso, bello, lindo

low lower under

mad madder angry, mad

mean meaner mean, stingy

messy messier dirty, disorderly

mild milder smooth, light

moist moisture moist

narrow narrower narrow, scarce

nasty nastier disgusting, unpleasant

naughty haughtier naughty, mischievous

near nearer close, near

neat neater tidy, neat

needy needier needed

new newer new, fresh

nice nicer nice, pleasant

noisy noisier noisy, clamorous

odd odder rare, strange

oily oilier oily

old older / elder old, ancient

plain plainer clear, simple

polite politer polite, courteous

poor poorer poor

pretty prettier pretty, beautiful

proud prouder proud, worthy

pure purer pure

quick quicker fast

quiet quieter calm, quiet

rare rarer rare

raw rawer raw, cracked

rich richer rich, abundant

ripe riper ripe

risky riskier risky, dangerous

spacious roomier spacious

rough rougher harsh, crude

rude ruder rude, coarse

rusty rustier rusty

sad sadder sad, lamentable

safe safer insurance

salty saltier salty

sane saner sensible, reasonable

scary scarier frightening, spooky

shallow shallower superficial

sharp sharper sharp, pointed

shiny shinier brilliant, shining

short shorter short, low, squat

shy shyer shy

silly sillier fool

simple simpler simple, easy

sincere sincerer sincere

skinny skinnier skinny

sleepy sleepier drowsy

slim slimmer thin

slimy slimier viscous, sticky

slow slower slow

small smaller small

smart smarter smart, intelligent

smelly smellier disgusting

smoky smokier smoky, smoked

smooth smoother smooth, soft, fine

soft softer soft

soon sooner soon

sore sore sore

sorry sorrier lamentable

spicy spicier spicy

steep steeper steep

stingy stingier stingy

strange stranger strange, unknown

strict stricter strict, rigid

strong stronger strong

sunny sunnier sunny

sweaty sweatier sweaty

sweet sweeter sweet

tall taller high

tan tanner tanning

tasty tastier tasty, appetizing

thick thicker dense, populated

thin thinner thin, fine

thirsty thirstier thirsty

tiny tinier tiny, minuscule

tough tougher strong, resilient

true truer true, real

ugly uglier ugly

warm warmer temperate, warm

weak weaker weak, slack

wealthy wealthier rich, wealthy

weird weirder rare, strange

wet weather wet

wide wider wide, spacious

wild, uncontrolled
wild wilder
wild

windy windier windy

wise wiser wise, sensible

worldly worldlier mundane

worthy worthier virtuoso

young younger young