Purposive Communication 1 ○ Language Change – result of language contact.
communicate effectively either as a sender or a
Maira Clarette Yutuc Ramos receiver (e.g., stress, anxiety, bias).
5. Physical Barrier – problems related to the
WEEK 1: LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION (Advance study) organizational environment or interior
Types of Communication workspace design, technological issues, and
Language noise (e.g., poor acoustics, malfunctioning
○ A system of communication that uses words Internal Communication – exchange of information equipment, loud distractions).
○ To express their feelings and emotions among people within an organization.
Types of Communication According to Mode –
Communication External Communication – The exchange of understanding these modes helps in creating more
○ Process of exchanging information, ideas, information between individuals within an organization emphasis or toning down when transmitting or
thoughts, or messages. and those outside the organization. receiving messages.
○ The process of transmitting; actions;
i. Verbal Essential Components of Communication Five Basic Features of Human Language:
ii. Non-verbal 1. Sender – the originator of the message. 1. Phonology
iii. Gestures 2. Receiver – the person or group to whom the ○ How sound is organized and structured
iv. Facial expression message is directed. to convey meaning.
v. Sign language 3. Message – the information being conveyed 2. Semantics
(verbal, non-verbal) ○ The meaning of words, phrases, and
3 Components of Language 4. Encoding – the process of converting the sentences in a language.
1. Grammar – a system of structure that teaches message into a format that can be transmitted. ○ Explains different connotations
us how to construct a sentence 5. Decoding – the process by which the receiver (associated meaning) and denotations
2. Phonology – system of sounds interprets the message. (dictionary meaning).
3. Lexicon – vocabulary of language 6. Channel – the medium through which the 3. Morphology
message is sent (e.g., verbal, written, visual). ○ Is the formation of words.
Speech Community – when a group of people shares a 7. Feedback – the receiver's response to the ○ Content words: Nouns, adjectives,
common dialect, understanding each other is possible. message, indicating understanding. adverbs.
8. Context – the circumstances or environment ○ Function words: Determiners,
Jargon – words or expressions used by a particular surrounding the communication. conjunctions, prepositions, pronouns,
profession or group. 9. Noise – anything that interferes with the auxiliary verbs, modals, qualifiers, and
message (e.g., literal noise, distractions, cultural question words.
differences, technical jargon). 4. Syntax
Language Acquisition – First Language (Mother
○ How words are put together to form
a process by which Tongue) – language
Communication Barriers – anything that gets in the grammatically correct sentences.
humans develop the acquired as we grow up.
way of clear communication prevents, restricts, or 5. Pragmatics
ability to understand and
impedes the conveyance of meaning by words or ○ How language is used; it is how words
use language. Second Language – gestures in a social setting. can be interpreted in various scenarios
deliberate learning of based on context and social rules.
new language other than Types of Barriers to Effective Communication
the native. 1. Linguistic/Verbal Barrier – inability to
● Formally – learned communicate using a shared language.
in school 2. Cultural Barrier – occurs when people
● Informally – belonging to different cultures communicate,
learned on your leading to misunderstandings due to differing
own norms, values, or beliefs.
3. Physiological Barrier – limitations of the
Language Contact human body and mind that affect
○ “New form of language” communication (e.g., hearing impairment,
○ Occurs when speakers of different languages cognitive limitations).
interact and influence each other. 4. Psychological Barrier – if a person is not
mentally or emotionally sound, they cannot
