THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD
Ms. Jasper Shaira G. Bernaldez
INTRODUCTION TO
GLOBALIZATION
THE STRUCTURES OF
GLOBALIZATION
A WORLD OF REGIONS
Topics
WORLD OF IDEAS
GLOBAL POPULATION AND
MOBILITY
TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE
WORLD
INTRODUCTION
TO
GLOBALIZATION
DEFINING GLOBALIZATION
What is Globalization?
What is Globalization?
Globalization is one of the most
talked-about concepts of our time.
It's the idea that our world is
becoming more interconnected,
with beliefs, practices, and cultures
becoming more similar across
different countries. Think of it as a
complex web of relationships—
economic, cultural, political, and
historical—that links nations
together.
• Define globalization using
different concepts and
perspectives.
• Understand the various
OBJECTIVES interpretations and
approaches to
globalization.
• Share your personal
experiences with
globalization.
PRE-TEST
Write down 5 words which you
think are related to globalization.
Provide two sentences to explain
each word .
DEFINING
GLOBALIZATION
Defining Globalization
Globalization can't be defined with just one simple term. Its meaning
can shift depending on the field, the situation, or a person's point of
view—whether it's political, cultural, or historical.
According to Steger (2005), globalization is a set of social processes
that are changing our world, which has been built on a system of
independent nation-states. It includes economic integration, the
transfer of policies across borders, and the spread of knowledge.
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Defining Globalization
Martin Khor (1995): Globalization =
Colonization. He argued that what we
in the Third World call globalization is
what we have for centuries called
colonization.
Defining Globalization
Thomas Larsson (2001): The World is
Shrinking. In his book, The Race to the
Top, he said that globalization makes the
world feel smaller, with distances getting
shorter and people getting closer.
Defining Globalization
David Harvey (1989): Compression of Time
and Space. In The Condition of Postmodernity,
he said that globalization makes it so that
we don't need to spend as much time to
reach a particular destination, or connect
with someone from afar.
Defining Globalization
Kenichi Ohmae (1992): The Onset of a
Borderless World. In The Borderless
World, he suggested that globalization
means countries are becoming more
interconnected, leading to a continuous
exchange of goods, services, and values.
See this diagram. It's a visual representation of how different
thinkers see globalization.
Activity #1: Create Your Own
Diagram
On a blank sheet of paper, draw your own diagram
to show how you understand the meaning of
globalization. Use colors, shapes, and words to
make it your own!
Activity #2: Reflecting on Your
Experience
Globalization is everywhere around us, from the food we eat
to the phones we use.
Part 1: Your Globalization Story. In a short paragraph, tell us
about your own globalization experience. Have you eaten at
McDonald's, or bought a Huawei phone? How has
globalization impacted your life?
Part 2: The Good and the Bad. In your own understanding,
list three advantages and three disadvantages of globalization.
What are the benefits you've seen, and what are the
downsides?
INTRODUCTION
TO
GLOBALIZATION
THEORIES OF GLOBALIZATION
• Define the theories of
globalization.
• Describe the
materialization of global
OBJECTIVES economic, political, social,
and cultural
• systems.
• Analyze contemporary
issues and events in the
context of globalization
Activity
Have you been to a foreign country?
Tell the highlights of your travel. If
not, where do you wish to go if
given the chance? Cite your reasons. .
THEORIES OF
GLOBALIZATION
A. World System Theory
Highlights the economic hierarchy and
exploitation within a capitalist system.
World system theory is characterized by
three interdependent regions: core, semi-
periphery and periphery.
A. World System Theory
Core: refers to advanced or highly developed countries.
Examples: Western Europe, USA, Japan.
Semi-periphery: acts as defense zone between core and
periphery and has a mix of the kinds of activities and
institutions that exist on them. Examples: China, Ireland,
Mexico.
Periphery: refers to less developed (Third World) countries.
Examples: Philippines, Vietnam, Africa
B. World Polity Theory
Emphasizes the role of a shared global
culture in shaping similar state structures.
C. World Culture Theory
Focuses on the complex interplay
between global and local cultures
(glocalization).
•Relativization.
•Emulation.
•Glocalization.
D. Neoliberalism
Provides an ideological framework for
free markets and free trade, which drives
much of contemporary globalization.
•Protectionism
•Privatization
D. Neoliberalism
INTRODUCTION
TO
GLOBALIZATION
HISTORY OF GLOBALIZATION
