MUSCLE
frontalis
MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
galea aponeurotica
skin of eybrows and
nose
orbicularis oculi
frontal and maxillary
bone
skin of eyelid
orbicularis oris
fibers of other mouth
muscles
muscles and skin at
angle of the mouth
platysma
pectoralis and deltoid
fascia
lower border of the
mandible, mouth skin
and muscle
MUSCLE
masseter
temporalis
MUSCLE
Sternocleidomastoid
MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
ORIGIN
INSERTION
zygomatic arch
mandible
temporal fossa of the
temporal bone
ACTION
raises eyebrows,
wrinkles forehead skin
blinking, squinting,
forceful closing of
eyelids
closes and protrudes
lips
depresses mandible,
draws angle of mouth
downward, tightens
skin of the neck
ACTION
elevates mandible
coronoid process of the elevates and retracts
mandible
mandible
MUSCLES OF THE NECK
ORIGIN
INSERTION
manubrium of sternum mastoid process of the
and medial clavicle
temporal bone
ACTION
both muscles acting
together flex cervical
vertebral column,
acting alone rotates
head to the opposite
side
internal intercostals
MUSCLES OF THE THORACIC WALL
ORIGIN
INSERTION
ACTION
ribs 3-5
coracoid process of the depresses and pulls
scapula
scapula anteriorly
inferior border of ribs superior border of ribs elevate and expand rib
cage
superior border of ribs inferior border of ribs depress rib cage
serratus anterior
ribs
MUSCLE
pectoralis minor
external intercostals
vertebral border of the
scapula
draws scapula forward
along thoracic wall,
rotates scapula
MUSCLES OF THE ABDOMINAL WALL
MUSCLE
external abdominal
oblique
ORIGIN
lower eight ribs
INSERTION
ACTION
linea alba, aponeurosis compresses abdominal
of the external
contents, assists in
abdominal oblique
flexion and rotation of
vertebral column
internal abdominal
oblique
lumbodorsal fascia,
iliac crest
linea alba, aponeurosis same as external
of internal abdominal
abdominal oblique
oblique
rectus abdominis
pubic crest and pubic
symphysis
ribs and xiphoid
process
flexes vertebral
column, compresses
abdominal contents
MUSCLES OF THE PECTORAL GIRDLE
MUSCLE
trapezius
ORIGIN
INSERTION
occipital bone, cervical lateral 1/3 of clavicle
and thoracic vertebrae and scapular spine and
acromion
ACTION
elevates, depresses,
rotates, adducts
scapula
deltoid
clavicle, acromion and
spine of scapula
deltoid tuberosity of
the humerus
abducts; flexes and
medially rotates;
extends and laterally
rotates arm
latissimus dorsi
lumbodorsal fascia via
thoracic and lumbar
vertebrae, sacrum,
ilium
intertubercular groove
of the humerus
extends, adducts, and
medially rotates arm
pectoralis major
sternum, clavicle, and
ribs
greater tubercle and
along intertubercular
groove of the humerus
flexes, medially
rotates, and adducts
arm
MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE SCAPULA
MUSCLE
levator scapula
ORIGIN
INSERTION
transverse processes of superior angle and
cervical vertebrae
vertebral border of the
scapula
spinous processes of
vertebral border of the
thoracic vertebrae
scapula
ACTION
elevates scapula
supraspinatus
supraspinous fossa of
the scapula
greater tubercle of the
humerus
arm abduction
infraspinatus
infraspinous fossa of
the scapula
greater tubercle of the
humerus
laterally rotates arm
teres major
inferior angle of
scapula
lesser tubercle of the
humerus
adducts, extends and
medially rotates arm
teres minor
lateral border of
scapula
greater tubercle of the
humerus
laterally rotates arm
subscapularis
subscapular fossa of
the scapula
lesser tubercle of the
humerus
medially rotates arm
rhomboid major and
minor
adducts, rotates
scapula
MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE ARM
MUSCLE
biceps brachii
long head
short head
ORIGIN
supraglenoid tubercle
of the scapula
INSERTION
radial tuberosity of the
radius
ACTION
flexes arm and
forearm, supinates
forearm
coracoid process of the
scapula
brachialis
anterior humerus
coronoid process of the flexes forearm
ulna
coracobrachialis
coracoid process of the medial humerus
scapula
flexes arm
MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE ARM
MUSCLE
triceps brachii
long head
lateral head
medial head
ORIGIN
INSERTION
infraglenoid tubercle of olecranon process of
the scapula
the ulna
posterior humerus
olecranon process of
the ulna
posterior humerus
olecranon process of
the ulna
ACTION
extends arm and
forearm
forearm extension
forearm extension
MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE FOREARM
MUSCLE
pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor carpi ulnaris
flexor digitorum
superficialis
flexor digitorum
profundus
flexor pollicis longus
pronator quadratus
ORIGIN
medial epicondyle of
the humerus
medial epicondyle of
the humerus
medial epicondyle of
the humerus
INSERTION
radius
ACTION
pronates forearm
metacarpals
flexes and abducts
hand
flexes hand
medial epicondyle of
the humerus
medial epicondyle of
the humerus
carpal and metacarpals flexes and adducts
hand
middle phalanges 2nd flexes phalanges
to 5th digit
ulna and interosseus
membrane
anterior radius and
interosseus membrane
distal and anterior
ulnar shaft
distal phalanges 2nd to
5th digit
distal phalanx of the
thumb
distal and anterior
radius
palmar aponeurosis
flexes phalanges
flexes thumb
pronates forearm, hold
radius and ulna
together
MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE FOREARM
MUSCLE
brachioradialis
ORIGIN
lateral supracondylar
ridge of the humerus
INSERTION
styloid process of the
radius
ACTION
flexes forearm
extensor carpi radialis
longus
lateral supracondylar
ridge of the humerus
second metacarpal
bone
extends and abducts
hand
extensor carpi radialis
brevis
lateral epicondyle of
the humerus
third metacarpal
extends and abducts
hand
extensor digitorum
lateral epicondyle of
the humerus
extends fingers and
hand
extensor carpi ulnaris
lateral epicondyle of
the humerus
middle and distal
phalanges of medial
four fingers
fifth metacarpal
supinator
lateral epicondyle of
the humerus
proximal end of radius
supinates forearm
first metacarpal
abducts and extends
thumb
extends thumb
abductor pollicis
posterior radius and
longus
posterior ulna
extensor pollicis brevis radius and posterior
ulna
extensor pollicis
ulna and posterior
longus
radius
extensor indicis
posterior ulna
extensor digiti minimi
anconeus
lateral epicondyle of
the humerus
lateral epicondyle of
the humerus
proximal phalanx of
the thumb
distal phalanx of the
thumb
extensor expansion of
index finger
extensor expansion of
the little finger
olecranon process of
ulna
extends and adducts
hand
extends thumb
extends index finger
extends little finger
abducts ulna during
pronation; elbow
extension
INTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE HAND
MUSCLE
ORIGIN
abductor pollicis brevis scaphoid, trapezium
INSERTION
proximal phalanx of
the thumb
ACTION
abducts thumb
opponens pollicis
trapezium
thumb metacarpal
rotates first metacarpal
medially, i.e.,
opposition of the
thumb
flexor pollicis brevis
trapezium, 1st
metacarpal
proximal phalanx of
thumb
flexes and adducts
thumb
adductor pollicis
capitate, 2nd and 3rd
metacarpal
proximal phalanx of
the thumb
adducts thumb
MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE THIGH
MUSCLE
iliopsoas
ORIGIN
iliac fossa, transverse
processes of lumbar
vertebrae
INSERTION
ACTION
lesser trochanter of the flexes hip
femur
sartorius
anterior superior iliac
spine
medial tibia
quadriceps femoris
rectus femoris
all four:
anterior inferior iliac
spine
vastus lateralis
greater trochanter of
the femur
vastus medialis
linea aspera
vastus intermedius
shaft of the femur
pectineus
tensor fascia latae
flexes, laterally rotates
thigh; flexes and
medially rotates leg at
the knee
superior ramus of
pubis
anterior superior iliac
spine, iliac crest
via quadriceps tendon
into patella, then
ligamentum patellae
onto tibial tuberosity of
the tibia
rectus femoris only flexes thigh at hip
all four - extends leg
at knee
linea aspera of femur
flexes, adducts thigh
iliotibial tract
flexes and abducts
thigh
MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE MEDIAL COMPARTMENT OF THE THIGH
MUSCLE
gracilis
ORIGIN
inferior ramus and
body of the pubis
INSERTION
medial surface of tibia
ACTION
adducts thigh at hip;
flexes leg at knee
adductor longus
pubis
linea aspera of femur
adducts and flexes
thigh at hip
adductor brevis
body and inferior
lineas aspera of femur
ramus of the pubis
inferior ramus of pubis lineas aspera of femur
and ischium, ischial
tuberosity
adductor magnus
adducts thigh at hip
adducts and flexes
thigh at hip
MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE GLUTEAL REGION AND POSTERIOR
COMPARTMENT OF THE THIGH
MUSCLE
gluteus maximus
ORIGIN
posterior ilium,
sacrum, and coccyx
INSERTION
iliotibial tract, gluteal
tuberosity of femur
ACTION
extends and laterally
rotates hip
gluteus medius
lateral ilium
greater trochanter of
the femur
head of fibula, lateral
condyle of tibia
abducts thigh at hip
biceps femoris
long head
short head
ischial tuberosity
linea aspera
semitendinosus
ischial tuberosity
semimembranosus
ischial tuberosity
gluteus minimis
piriformis
external surface of
ilium
lateral surface of ilium
quadratus femoris
ischial tuberosity
flexes and laterally
rotates leg at knee
long head only extends thigh at hip
medial tibia
extends thigh at hip;
flexes and medially
rotates leg at knee
medial condyle of tibia extends thigh at hip;
flexes and medially
rotates leg at knee
greater trochanter of
abducts and medially
femur
rotates thigh
greater trochanter of
rotates and extends
femur
thigh laterally, abducts
thigh
intertrochanteric crest rotates thigh laterally
of femur
MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG
MUSCLE
tibialis anterior
ORIGIN
lateral condyle of tibia
INSERTION
cuneiform and base of
1st metatarsal
ACTION
dorsiflexes and inverts
the foot; extends toe
extensor hallucis
longus
extensor digitorum
longus
anterior fibula,
interosseous membrane
lateral condyle of tibia,
proximal fibula,
interosseous membrane
anterior fibula,
interosseous membrane
distal phalanx of great
toe
phalanges of toes 2-5
dorsiflexes and inverts
foot; extends big toe
dorsiflexes foot and
extends toes
fifth metatarsal
dorsiflexes and everts
foot
fibularis (peroneus)
tertius
MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE LATERAL COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG
MUSCLE
fibularis (peroneus)
longus
ORIGIN
head of fibula
INSERTION
cuneiform, base of 1st
metatarsal
ACTION
plantar flexes and
everts foot
fibularis (peroneus)
brevis
distal fibula
fifth metatarsal
plantar flexes and
everts foot
MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG
MUSCLE
gastrocnemius
ORIGIN
lateral and medial
condyle of the femur
INSERTION
calcaneus
ACTION
plantar flexes the foot,
weak flexor of leg at
knee
plantar flexes the foot
soleus
flexor digitorum
longus
proximal tibia,
calcaneus
proximal fibula,
interosseous membrane
posterior tibia
distal phalanges lateral plantar flexes and
four toes
inverts foot; flexes toes
flexor hallucis longus
middle shaft of fibula
distal phalanx great toe plantar flexes and
inverts foot; flexes
great toe
tibialis posterior
tibia and fibula
navicular bone
plantar flexes and
inverts foot
